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PASCHA JEZUSA CHRYSTUSA

100%
Studia Ełckie
|
2017
|
vol. 19
|
issue 4
433 - 449
EN
Many people raise the question: Was the Last Supper of Jesus and the Apostles the Jewish Passover? The answer to this question is not that simple, though. This article attempts to identify the features of Jewish Passover based on characterictics of the Last Supper found in the Synoptic Gospels. However, the most important aspect for the author is to present the novelty of Eucharist in the light of rites and theology of the holy day of Pesach. This Novelty, when interpreting the descriptions of the Last Supper in the light of the Jewish Pass-over, provides us with a new theological dimension of the Eucharist, which was taken into account during the Second Vatican Council as well as liturgical re-forms. Christ died and was raised from the dead to the immortal glory so as to deliver us from the power of sin. Our Saviour crossed the borders of death and went on to the new life. In theology this passing is referred to as Pe-sach/Passover, the Mystery of Pascha, or the Paschal Mystery, since the He-brew word pesach means a passage. The ‘passage’ of Christ to the to Father’s glory was announced by the Israeli leaving the Egyptian land of slavery, sol-emnly declared at the time of Jewish celebration of Pascha/Passover. Christ’s death and His Resurrection took place right at the time of this religious feast. The introductory part of this article presents the most important elements of Jewish Pesach contained in descriptions of the Last Supper. Then we make insight into Jesus Christ and His redempting activity in the light of the Jewish Passover. And finally, the last part of this article introduces the new and pas-chal dimension of the Eucharist.
PL
Zniesienie niewolnictwa przez nowożytne państwa było ważnym krokiem zmierzającym do uznania praw człowieka. Imperium Brytyjskie, jak i jego matecznik – Anglia – były jednymi z głównych organizmów państwowych odpowiedzialnych za wspieranie międzynarodowego handlu niewolnikami. Z tego względu rozwijający się w nich ruch abolicyjny zasługuje na szczególną uwagę. Argumentacja stosowana przez jego przedstawicieli stanowiła dotąd przedmiot licznych badań. Argumenty filozoficzne, teologiczne czy handlowe przeciwko niewolnictwu są dobrze znane. Należy podkreślić jednak, że dokonanie abolicji miało być krokiem prawnym. Stąd interesujące wydaje się poszukiwanie prawnych argumentów służących potępieniu zniewalania ludzi. Oczywiste jest, że znalezienie odpowiedniego uzasadnienia byłoby trudne. Niewolnictwo była przecież powszechną instytucją społeczną od czasów starożytnych. Jednak uniwersalne zasady prawa rzymskiego, jak i cywilizacji rzymskiej wykorzystane do tworzenia zachodniej tradycji prawa, czynią z prawa starożytnych interesujące źródło odniesień. Głównym celem artykułu jest ustalenie czy odwołania do starożytności rzymskiej stanowiły ważny argument w brytyjskich zmaganiach o zniesienie niewolnictwa.
EN
The abolition of slavery by modern states was an important step towards the recognition of what is now known as human rights. The British Empire and its cradle, England, were the leading entities responsible for the support of the international trade slave. For this reason, its antislavery movement is one which deserves particular attention. The argumentation used by the abolitionists has been a subject of many studies. Philosophical, theological or commercial arguments against slavery are well researched. It needs to be emphasised, however, that abolition was a legal step. In this context, it is interesting to seek legal argumentation against the enslavement of people. It is obvious that an appropriate reasoning would be difficult to find. Slavery has been a common social institution since ancient times. The universal principles of Roman law, as well as the significance of Roman civilisation for the development of the Western culture, made it one obvious field of research. The main aim of this article is to check if reference to Roman antiquity has been one of the crucial arguments in the antislavery struggle in Britain.
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