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1

Zmiany w stratyfikacji społecznej w Polsce

100%
Domański H.
Ekonomista
|
2020
|
issue 2
286-305
PL
Najczęściej stosowanymi wskaźnikami otwartości struktury społecznej są wzory ruchliwości międzypokoleniowej oraz zawierania małżeństw. Słabsza zależność między pozycjami społecznymi rodziców i ich dzieci oraz między pozycją klasową małżonków świadczy o większej otwartości struktury społecznej. Stratyfikacja społeczna jest również pochodną zasad rekrutacji do pozycji zawodowych i zasad wynagradzania. Opierając się na danych z badań ankietowych, autor bada zmiany stratyfikacji społecznej w Polsce w latach 1982-2019. Wyniki wskazują, że stratyfikacja klasowa społeczeństwa nie zanika i jest trwałym wyznacznikiem nierówności społecznych. Wzory mobilności międzypokoleniowej i homogamii małżeńskiej są dość stabilne w czasie, chociaż wyłaniają się także nowe zjawiska, związane ze zmianami wzorców konsumpcji, stylu życia i ewolucją systemu demokratycznego.
EN
The patterns of intergenerational mobility and marital choices are mostly applied indices of social openness or social distances. A weaker association between class position of parents and their children and a lower marital homogamy indicate that social class barriers are lower. Social stratification is also dependent on the rules of recruitment to occupational positions and on the principles of remuneration. Using survey data, the author investigates changes in social stratification in Poland in the years 1982-2019. The findings indicate that class stratification of the society does not disappear and it is a durable determinant of social inequalities. The patterns of intergenerational mobility and marital homogamy are quite stable over time. Nevertheless there are also new phenomena, connected with the changing consumption and life style patterns and the evolution of democratic system.
2

Social mobility in China and Britain: a comparative study

100%
Li Y., Zhang S., Kong J.
International Review of Social Research
|
2015
|
vol. 5
|
issue 1
20-34
EN
This paper looks at social mobility in China and Britain. It explores whether the rapid economic development in China in the last thirty years has brought its mobility closer to that in Britain. It also examines the effects of China’s household registration system (hukou) on people’s mobility chances. Using national representative surveys in the two countries, we found a convergence in total mobility in the two countries but higher levels of inequality in China in terms of relative mobility. Chinese women faced the greatest disadvantages. The prime driver for social inequality in China was the hukou system. Rural people in China had very limited opportunities for education but even those who had similar levels of education were still very much hampered by the hukou penalty in trying to gain access to advantaged positions. Both societies are highly unequal but China has an additional barrier.
3
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Z poddaného sirotka Jiříka Albrechta urozeným vladykou Zbudovským z Ebenberka. K sociální a geografické mobilitě a kariérním strategiím v Čechách v 1. polovině 17. století

100%
Matlas P.
Folia historica Bohemica
|
2012
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
237-261
EN
The life story of Jiří Albrecht Zbudovský is a model example of a career strategy, which enabled members of lower social classes to exceed the geographic and social horizon of an early modern village. Zbudovský achieved an outstanding social rise in the revolutionary period of the first half of the 17th century when most of the Bohemians experienced a deep material downfall and existential threat. This common villager became successful as a patrimonial officer thanks to his education and natural character. After the defeat of the Bohemian estate uprising, he became a personal secretary to the new legitimate nobleman, General Baltazar Maradas; he was released from serfdom for his loyal service and finally ennobled by the emperor. After his patron’s death, Zbudovský drew on his social capital which he had created, became established among the Prague burgesses and built effective bonds with the Prague patriciate. Despite this, he identified himself with the people of his native village throughout his life.
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