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Roviny novodobé lužickosrbské etnické identity

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EN
The text concentrates on issues concerning the beginnings, development and current situation of the Sorbian ethnicity and ethnic identity in the region of Lusatia (Germany) from 1800 to the present. The given phenomenon is observed throughout the course of the 19th century which: 1) accelerated the transformation of Sorbs into the modern era ethnic group, enabling them to undergo a relatively successful “national revival”; 2) the same period, however, saw the acceleration of the language and ethnic assimilation (Germanization). Furthermore, attention is paid to the development, specifi c features, quests, possibilities and limits in the field of Sorbian ethnic consciousness in the 20th and 21st centuries; emphasis is laid on the present-day situation. Closer analyses and ensuing interpretations focus on social and psychological factors of the given problem range, as well as on political connotations. A dichotomous situation between the primordial and (post) modernist approaches to understanding ethnicity in Lusatia is also commented on in detail. Finally, the role of Sorbian elements as the common denominator of Lusatian regionalism is dealt with as well.
EN
This article presents the latest results of research on linguistic strategies for transborder communication at the German-Polish border. First, the significance of language for current border studies in general and for the German-Polish border in particular are discussed. Then, theoretically possible strategies and their real application at the border region are presented. According to the author, alternative strategies, such as the use of Polish as a vehicular language, receptive bilingualism or Esperanto, but also supplementary utilization of language exchange, Sorbian or even Latin, can uniquely contribute to improve German-Polish contacts. At the end, the paper surveys the linguistic situation at Japanese border regions and suggests that the Central European Experiences can be useful to tackle the transborder communication challenges in East Asia.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł podsumowuje dotychczasowe wyniki badań nad transgranicznymi strategiami językowymi na granicy polsko-niemieckiej. Autor omawia znaczenie języka dla dzisiejszych badań granicznych w ogóle oraz znaczenie języka dla polsko-niemieckiego regionu przygranicznego w szczególności. Po przeglądzie językowych strategii komunikacji transgranicznej przedstawia zastosowanie różnorodnych strategii na granicy polsko-niemieckiej. Autor formułuje tezę, iż włączenie strategii alternatywnych, takich jak język polski, dwujęzyczność receptywna albo Esperanto, ale również uzupełnienia w postaci wymiany języka, zastosowania języka łużyckiego, a nawet łaciny, przyczynią się do trwałego ustabilizowania kontaktów polsko-niemieckich. Omawia także znaczenie kwestii języka i granicy w Japonii i wskazuje możliwość wykorzystania doświadczeń Europy Środkowej w sytuacji Azji Wschodniej.
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