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1

How empirical social research gained ascendancy in post-war France

100%

Jeřábek H.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2022

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vol. 58

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issue 3

235-255

EN

Sociology changed significantly in Europe after the Second World War. An interest in research with practical applications began to prevail. This article explains how this transformation came about in France and what contributed to the change. Sociologists at the Sorbonne were the first to actively support the use of an empirical approach in the social sciences. In this connection they invited Paul Lazarsfeld, one of the founders of the Columbia school of sociology, to spend a year at the Sorbonne in 1962. Drawing on archive sources, this article reveals the factors that lay behind the creation of an original three-volume anthology of methodological writings that was the outcome of collaboration between Lazarsfeld and Raymond Boudon. They compiled this anthology in French with the aim of promoting this new research paradigm among social scientists in France. The article examines the structure of this French methodology textbook, analyses the thematic orientation of the articles, and notes different works that were jointly authored by French and American scholars. On a second sabbatical at the Sorbonne in 1967, Lazarsfeld followed up on this publishing activity and further pursued his primary interest - the methodology of data analysis.

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Od Uniwersytetu Piotra i Marii Curie do Uniwersytetu Sorbony. Radykalna reforma zarządzania francuskimi uniwersytetami

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Bereziat G.

Nauka i Szkolnictwo Wyższe

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2009

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issue 2(34)

132-135

EN

Using historical aspects and the international context as his point of departure, the author attempts to justify the need for radical reforms in higher education and the organisation of research in France. He also identifies day-to-day barriers, pointing to the need to strengthen the links between higher education and research and the need to develop networking between universities and industry. A professor and a long-time president of the Pierre and Marie Curie University, Gilbert Bereziat makes multiple references to the experience of his school in rationalising funding and managing the teaching and research functions.

PL

Wychodząc w swoich rozważaniach od akcentów historycznych i kontekstu międzynarodowego, autor próbuje uzasadnić potrzebę radykalnych reform szkolnictwa wyższego i organizacji badań naukowych we Francji. Wskazuje przy tym na bariery występujące w codziennej praktyce, na konieczność wzmocnienia powiązań między szkolnictwem wyższym i badaniami naukowymi, na potrzebę rozwoju kontaktów między uniwersytetami i przedsiębiorstwami. Jako profesor i wieloletni prezydent Uniwersytetu Piotra i Marii Curie (Paris VI), wielokrotnie odwołuje się do doświadczeń tej uczelni w racjonalizowaniu finansowania i zarządzania kształceniem studentów oraz badaniami.

3

Paul Lazarsfeld's contributions to the history of empirical social research

58%

Jeřábek H.

Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)

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2021

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vol. 43

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issue 2

247-279

EN

During the 1960s Paul F. Lazarsfeld, co-founder of the renowned Columbia school, worked to promote a useful new research methodology. Th is paper analyses these activities. In a series of papers, Lazarsfeld demonstrated that the roots of empirical research, the useful methodology he developed, lie in the work of early European scholars. Building on his belief that quantifi cation does not need numbers, he showed that Hermann Conring, with his “classifi catory statistics,” had predated Frédéric Le Play and his “ family budgets” and Adolphe Quételet and his “probability statistics” by almost two centuries. In another paper he highlighted the importance of Max Weber’s empirical studies on agrarian and industrial workers within the frame of his life work. His seminars at Columbia University with Robert K. Merton and at the Sorbonne with Raymond Boudon opened up transatlantic cooperation on empirical research between New York and Paris for decades to come.

CS

Paul F. Lazarsfeld, spoluzakladatel slavné Kolumbijské školy, hledal v šedesátých letech podporu pro svou novou metodologii. Článek analyzuje tyto Lazarsfeldovy aktivity. Souborem statí se mu podařilo ukázat, že kořeny empirického výzkumu, jehož užitečnou metodologii vyvinul, je možno najít v dílech raných evropských badatelů. S představou, že kvantifi kace nepotřebuje čísla, ukázal, že Hermann Conring a jeho „klasifi kační statistika“ předešla „rodinné rozpočty“ Frédérica Le Playe a „pravděpodobnostní statistiku“ Adolpha Quételeta téměř o dvě staletí. V další stati objevil, že důležitou částí životního díla Maxe Webera byly jeho empirické studie zemědělských a průmyslových dělníků v Německu na přelomu 19. a 20. století. Jeho semináře na Kolumbijské univerzitě spolu s Robertem K. Mertonem a na Sorbonně s Raymondem Boudonem otevřely cestu transatlantické spolupráci v empirickém sociálním výzkumu mezi New Yorkem a Paříží v příštích desetiletích.

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1 Nauka i Szkolnictwo Wyższe

1 Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

1 Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)

2 Jeřábek H.

1 Bereziat G.

1 2022

1 2021

1 2009

How empirical social research gained ascendancy in post-war France

Od Uniwersytetu Piotra i Marii Curie do Uniwersytetu Sorbony. Radykalna reforma zarządzania francuskimi uniwersytetami

Paul Lazarsfeld's contributions to the history of empirical social research