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EN
The paper presents the results of an archaeological ground survey aimed to record prehistoric settlement landscape in chosen parts of the Southern Dongola Reach (Tergis, Affad and El-Nafab districts). The project fills in the gaps in earlier research on the right bank of the Nile. Numerous new sites were recorded, all reflecting a frequently occupied level of silts and sands originating in the former river valley aggradations. Prospection of locations recorded in 2003 and later demonstrated also the progressing destruction of archaeological sites on the fringes of modern settlement and the new road from Karima to Nawa.
EN
The first Affad was the one we saw when the archaeological sites there were first investigated at the beginning of the century. The second Affad, which is the region that we have been exploring in the past 15 years, bore many signs of modern Sudanese culture encroaching upon the desert. In 2009, an asphalt road cut through the desert and shortly thereafter, the Debba bridge and power lines were constructed, the latter coming from a hydroelectric power station on the Fourth Cataract. Affad 3.0 is what the location looks like today—extensive industrial-scale farms on terraces too far away for traditional agriculture. The investment has already caused irreversible destruction to the archaeological heritage. Cattle+ in the title of this article refers to new data on large ruminants. The discovery of auroch remains and the Neolithic cattle data are both extremely important proxies for the adaptation strategies of people inhabiting the Southern Dongola Reach in prehistory.
EN
Architectural research within the area of the Third Cataract was conducted as a part of the rescue survey project the erection of a new dam on the Nile. The research concentrated on two fortresses situated on the left bank, in the vicinity of two modern settlements – Shofein and Marakul. The research was extended to embrace also two fortresses located in the Southern Dongola Reach, namely Bahit and Deiga. The works had a limited extent and their main purpose was to document and to describe architectural characteristics of the preserved walls of these complexes. The article is an overview of this research, enriched with some recently obtained data.
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