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Sovereign Debt Restructurings in Belize: Debt Sustainability and Financial Stability Aspects

100%
Asonuma A., Papaioannou M. G., Peraza G., Vitola K., Tsuda T.
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics
|
2017
|
issue 2(8)
5–26
EN
This paper examines the causes, processes, and outcomes of the two Belize sovereign debt restructurings in 2006–07 and in 2012–13, which occurred outside an IMF-supported program. It finds that the motivation for the two debt restructurings differed, as the former was driven by external liquidity concerns while the latter was motivated by a substantial increase in the coupon rates and future fi scal solvency concerns. Despite differential treatment between residents and non-residents, both 2006–07 and 2012–13 debt exchanges were executed through collaborative engagement, due in part to the existence of a broad-based creditor committee and the authorities’ effective communication strategy. However, while providing temporary liquidity relief, neither of the debt restructurings properly addressed long-term debt sustainability concerns. Going forward, the success of the 2012–13 debt restructuring will still depend on the country’s ability to strengthen fi scal efforts and the public debt management framework.
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Belize’s 2016–17 Sovereign Debt Restructuring – Third Time Lucky?

75%
Asonuma T., Papaioannou M. G., Togo E., van Selm B.
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics
|
2020
|
issue 2(14)
47-67
EN
This paper examines the causes, process, and outcome of Belize’s 2016–17 sovereign debt restructuring – its third episode in last 10 years. As was the case in the earlier two restructurings, in 2006–07 and in 2012–13, the 2016–17 debt restructuring was executed through collaborative engagement with creditors outside an IMF-supported program. While providing liquidity relief and partially addressing long-term debt sustainability concerns, the restructuring will need to be underpinned by ambitious fiscal consolidation and growth-enhancing structural reforms to secure durable gains and avoid future debt distress situations.
3
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Sovereign Debt Restructurings in Grenada: Causes, Processes, Outcomes, and Lessons Learned

63%
Asonuma T., Xin Li M., Papaioannou M. G., Thomas S., Togo E.
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics
|
2018
|
issue 2(10)
67-105
EN
This paper documents the two debt restructurings that Grenada undertook in 2004–06 and 2013–15. Both restructurings emerged as a consequence of weak fiscal and debt situations, which became unsustainable soon after external shocks hit the island economy. The two restructurings provided liquidity relief, with the second one involving a principal haircut. However, the first restructuring was not able to secure long-term debt sustainability. Grenada’s restructuring experience shows the importance of (1) establishing appropriate debt restructuring objectives; (2) committing to policy reforms and maintaining ownership of the restructuring goals; and (3) engaging closely and having clear communications with creditors.
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