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1

“Whose realm, his law”. The Austrian Repression of Italian Nationalist Movement under the Reign of Francis I (1815–1835)

100%
Chvojka M.
West Bohemian Historical Review
|
2015
|
vol. 5
|
issue 2
43-74
EN
This study deals with the Italian question in the Habsburg Monarchy between 1815 and 1835 in terms of the Austrian political and police sources. In the introduction, the author points out the shortcomings of the newly acquired Austrian Italian territories Lombardy and Venetia as well as the measures seeking to suppress nationalism, constitutionalism and jacobinism there. Since the Austrian authorities had not considered the incorporation process by far as concluded, the nature of the documents mentioned above follow the line of strict surveillance and threat identification, investigation, arrest and repression. In the last section, the attention is being paid to various questions concerning the incarceration of Carbonari at the notorious Moravian prison fortress Spielberg, e. g., the way of their treatment, medical care or spiritual control.
2

National Security Letters — A Controversial FBI Tool to Fight Terrorism

100%
Waśko-Owsiejczuk E.
Internal Security
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2015
|
vol. 7(2)
71-90
EN
The terrorist attacks carried out on 11 September 2001 on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon led to the reevaluationof priorities in US security policy. The boundary between freedom and security became more malleable. US intelligenceservices, responsible for security, were set to a state of high alert. To help them in counter-terrorism missions, numerous changesin legislation have been introduced to equip government agencies with additional tools and simplified procedures. The aimof this article is to present the roots, the scope of activities and the scale of exploitation of orders for disclosure of information(the national security letters — NSL) by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). These orders have caused great controversyon account of the possibility to obtain access to the private data of citizens, while maintaining total secrecy. The radical increasein the number of NSLs issued after 2001 gave rise to many questions, such as: Have national security letters been used for theirintended purpose? Should a total secrecy clause be applied to all NSLs? Have orders of disclosure of information been issuedon the basis of concrete evidence? Has the FBI abused the power given to them? Are NSLs an effective tool in the fight againstterrorism? Why, despite allegations of the violation of human rights and civil liberties, are NSLs still considered a legitimate toolfor the surveillance of society?
3
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What Support? Foucault, Power, and the Construction of Rape

88%
Javaid A.
Qualitative Sociology Review
|
2019
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
36-60
EN
This paper is concerned with the social and cultural constructions of male rape in voluntary agencies, England. Using sociological, cultural, and post-structural theoretical frameworks, mainly the works of Foucault, I demonstrate the ways in which male rape is constructed and reconstructed in such agencies. Social and power relations, social structures, and time and place shape their discourses, cultures, and constructions pertaining to male rape. This means that constructions of male rape are neither fixed, determined, nor unchanging at any time and place, but rather negotiated and fluid. I theorize the data-which was collected through semi-structured interviews and qualitative questionnaires-including male rape counselors, therapists, and voluntary agency caseworkers. The theoretical and conceptual underpinnings that frame and elucidate the data contribute to sociological understandings of male rape.
4
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Gender, Embodiment, and Self-Regulation: Surveillance in Canadian Intercollegiate Women’s Distance Running

75%
Carey C.
Qualitative Sociology Review
|
2022
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vol. 18
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issue 2
28-47
EN
This article draws on data collected through semi-structured interviews with intercollegiate cross country and track athletes to investigate how female distance runners experience their sport concerning gender and embodiment. The runners identified gender as affecting their sport by way of shorter distances for women’s races, heightened involvement of coaches in corporeal matters such as diet and weight, as well as sex verification policies. Distance running was also specifically identified as a sport that intensifies societal pressures for women to be thin. Drawing on Foucault’s theory of disciplinary power, this paper explores how dominant discourses on gender and the body are reproduced within distance running through a combination of structural and cultural practices. However, the paper also highlights resistance to cultural ideals among female runners, calling for a more dynamic understanding of disciplinary power that accounts for individual agency.
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