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Traktat svalbardzki – wykorzystane szanse?

100%
Rozmus D.
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
|
2017
|
vol. 17/zeszyt specjalny
269-287
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest kwestia traktatu svalbardzkiego i polskiego udziału w tej międzynarodowej umowie. Podpisany w 1920 r. traktat nie przewidywał wielu nowych wyzwań, z którymi boryka się współczesny świat zarówno od strony praktycznej, jak i prawnej. Polska stała sygnatariuszem traktatu Ssvalbardzkiego w 1931. Aktywność naszego kraju sprowadza się na tym archipelagu wyłącznie do aspektu badawczego, czemu służy polska baza naukowa w Hornsundzie. Brak natomiast innych form zaangażowania, takich jak np. górnictwo. Możliwy byłby też większy rozwój takich form działalności jak turystyka.
EN
The article discusses the question of the Svalbard Treaty and the Polish participation in this international agreement. The treaty that was signed in 1920 did not take into account numerous new challenges which are faced by the modern world, both as far as the practical and the legal aspects are concerned. Poland became a signatory of the Svalbard Treaty in 1931. The activity of our country on this archipelago is reduced exclusively to the research aspects, which are served by the Polish research base in Hornsund. However, there were no other forms of engagement, such as mining. There could also be greater opportunities for the development of such forms of activity as tourism.
2

Svalbard w filmach polskich z lat 30. XX wieku

100%
Szymala J., Rogatchevski A.
Kwartalnik Filmowy
|
2020
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issue 112 Polski dokument, polska animacja
161-180
PL
W 2020 r. minęła 100. rocznica zawarcia traktatu svalbardzkiego, na mocy którego archipelag ten przyznano Norwegii. Polska podpisała go w 1931 r. W roku następnym rozpoczęły się polskie wyprawy polarne. Ekspedycje te były związane z badaniami prowadzonymi z punktu widzenia nauk przyrodniczych, a ekipom towarzyszyli także fotografowie i/lub filmowcy. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie, analiza i interpretacja materiału wizualnego, jaki pozostał po tych wyprawach, głównie filmowego. W tekście  zostały omówione trzy produkcje z lat 30. (Wyspa mgieł i wichrów, Wśród mórz Arktyki oraz Do Ziemi Torella) stanowiące źródła z obszaru historii wizualnej. Filmy te mogą pomóc w studiowaniu historii nauki, zmian krajobrazu, historii cywilizacji oraz w analizowaniu badań polarnych itd.; są także ciekawym głosem na temat polskiej historiografii dotyczącej Arktyki. Autorzy tekstu poświęcają szczególną uwagę odnalezionemu w 2019 r. reportażowi Do Ziemi Torella (reż. Witold Biernawski). Istotną część opracowania stanowi zamieszczona na końcu tabela, w której znajdują się informacje o 40 polskich filmach  na temat Svalbardu.
EN
Polish documentary films about Svalbard have been associated with polar research, conducted by Poles on a regular basis since the 1930s. Since then, over 30 films have been made. In their paper, the authors focus on the film reportage of the first Polish expedition to the island of Spitsbergen from 1934: Do Ziemi Torella (To Torell Land), which was found in 2019, digitized, translated into English and subtitled. They also discuss Polish experiences on the Bear Island and in Northern waters, briefly shown in Wyspa mgieł i wichrów (The Isle of Fogs and Winds) and Wśród mórz Arktyki (In Arctic Seas), both from 1937. Earlier, Polish Spitsbergen research was limited to natural sciences. They propose to approach it from the perspective of visual history side; then, the analysed films become historical sources – both in the direct and indirect sense (primary and secondary sources). Polish films about Spitsbergen can function as sources for the history of science, for landscape changes, for the history of civilization, polar research, etc. Of course, they also say a great deal about the propaganda and the image of the Arctic in Polish historiography of a given period. The article is a kind of provisional report on a broader project of (re-)discovering and sharing these films.
3
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RUNOFF VARIABILITY IN THE SCOTT RIVER (SW SPITSBERGEN) IN SUMMER SEASONS 2012–2013 IN COMPARISON WITH THE PERIOD 1986–2009

94%
Franczak Ł., Kociuba W., Gajek G.
Quaestiones Geographicae
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2016
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vol. 35
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issue 3
39-50
EN
River runoff variability in the Scott River catchment in the summer seasons 2012 and 2013 has been presented in comparison to the multiannual river runoff in 1986–2009. Both in particular seasons and in the analysed multiannual, high variability of discharge rate was recorded. In the research periods 2012–2013, a total of 11 952 water stages and 20 flow rates were measured in the analysed cross-section for the determination of 83 daylong discharges. The mean multiannual discharge of the Scott River amounted to 0.96 m3·s–1. The value corresponds to a specific runoff of 94.6 dm3·s–1·km2, and the runoff layer 937 mm. The maximum values of daily discharge amounted to 5.07 m3·s–1, and the minimum values to 0.002 m3·s–1. The highest runoff occurs in the second and third decade of July, and in the first and second decade of August. The regime of the river is determined by a group of factors, and particularly meteorological conditions affecting the intensity of ablation, and consequently river runoff volume. We found a significant correlation (0.60 in 2012 and 0.67 in 2013) between the air temperature and the Scott River discharge related to the Scott Glacier ice melt.
4

Filmowe portrety Stanisława Siedleckiego (1912–2002) na tle Svalbardu. Fragmenty wizualnej historii nauki

84%
Szymala J., Rogatchevski A.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2021
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vol. 66
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issue 3
123–142
EN
The article offers a new perspective on Stanisław Siedlecki’s biography through visual history, with a particular emphasis on film history. The connections between Siedlecki’s life and the cinema can be grouped in three sections: 1. films starring Siedlecki, 2. films by Siedlecki and 3. films about Siedlecki. The film Do Ziemi Torella (To Torell Land) represents the pre-war period; the post-war period is marked by Siedlecki’s collaboration with Jarosław Brzozowcki on the making of Skroplone Powietrze (Liquefied Air) and Wieliczka – both from 1946. In the International Geophysical Year 1957/1958, Siedlecki led the Polish polar expedition, during which the visual material was created. He appeared in all three ‘roles’ (as a co-writer, protagonist, and consultant) in Jarosław Brzozowski’s film W Zatoce Białych Niedźwiedzi (In the Polar Bear Bay). He consulted polar films until the early 1990s. There are also two film biographies (portraits) of Siedlecki by Wanda Rollna and Iwona Bartólewska. The analysis of this material has also shed new light on the visual narration of the Polish polar expeditions in the 20th century.
5
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GEOGRAPHICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SVALBARD ENVIRONMENT

83%
Ziaja W.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2019
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vol. 38
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issue 3
EN
The paper concerns specific features of exploration, geographical recognition, exploitation of natural resources, and economy of the archipelago. Development of the Svalbard system of nature protection areas and its impact on the environment and human activity is shown. Both the natural environment and Norwegian national interests are perfectly protected in Svalbard. Classical physico-geographical research was lost in significance to biological investigations (or to environmental science in the aspect of biotic components). Research activity in the human geography of Svalbard has mostly declined.
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