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INSTRUMENTY I DOŚWIADCZENIA SZWAJCARSKIEGO SYSTEMU DEMOKRACJI BEZPOŚREDNIEJ

100%

Matyja M.

Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO

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2016

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issue 4

97-121

EN

The direct democracy in Switzerland is a political system in which decisions are made through a popular vote (a referendum), in which all people with voting rights are eligible to take part. An important element shaping the political system of Switzerland was the adoption of the Federal Constitution in 1848, when a governance system rooted in direct democracy was established. Consequently, the management of local matters was le¤ to cantonal authorities. The current Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation was adopted in 1999. Its reforms mainly concerned the system of basic civil liberties and the relationship between the federation and the cantons. An important governance tool in the current constitution is Article 3, which primarily defines the federal system: ge Cantons are sovereign insofar as their sovereignty is not limited by the Federal Constitution; they exercise all rights which are not transferred to the Confederation. is Article is basically the foundation of the Swiss political system, and indicates the clear role of the principle of subsidiarity. e Swiss political system is unique in many respects: from its regulations (uncharacteristic of European countries) concerning the functioning of its executives, through to its very strong federal system, and its regulations concerning the political parties. e fundamental democratic instruments in the country comprise: referenda, popular initiatives and popular assemblies. e functionality of this system of direct democracy is related, First and foremost, to the broadly dened participation of the citizens and political players in the decision-making processes of the state, the cantons and the communes. Nonetheless, a direct democracy, just as all known democratic systems, also has some dysfunctional qualities. However, the solution does not involve eliminating these qualities completely; rather, it is more about a question of minimising their negative consequences, which can generate undesirable directions of economic and socio-political developments. It should be stated that the functionality and dysfunctionality of the Swiss political system concerns only the legally and constitutionally guaranteed legal order. While its dysfunctional qualities hinder the system, and even constitute a barrier for the e{ectiveness of the process of decision-making, they do not threaten the overall functionality of the system of direct democracy

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Is direct democracy in Switzerland dysfunctional?

71%

Matyja M.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2016

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issue 4

19-26

PL

Uchwalenie Konstytucji Federalnej w 1848 roku było istotne dla kształtowania systemu politycznego Szwajcarii. Aktualna Konstytucja Federalna Konfederacji Szwajcarskiej została uchwalona w 1999 roku. Obecnie system tego kraju można określić mianem parlamentarno-komitetowego (system konwentu). Ze względu jednak na jego specyfikę, objawiającą się w głównie w dużej roli kantonów, określany jest także jako parlamentarno-kantonalny. Istotnym elementem systemu jest duża niezależność i samodzielność kantonów, a także gmin. Elementem determinującym kształt partii politycznych i podział socjopolityczny Szwajcarii jest przede wszystkim jej wielokulturowość. Zasadniczymi instrumentami demokratycznymi w tym państwie są: referendum, inicjatywa ludowa, zgromadzenie ludowe. Dysfunkcjonalne elementy szwajcarskiej demokracji bezpośredniej blokują efektywność procesu decyzyjnego w tym systemie politycznym.

EN

An important element shaping the political system of Switzerland was adopting the Federal Constitution in 1848. The current Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation was adopted in 1999. The current political system of this country can be referred to as directorial; however, because this specific system manifests itself mainly through the significant role of the cantons, it is also referred to as a ‘parliamentary-cantonal’ system. An important element of the system is the large degree of independence and self-reliance of the cantons and the communes. What determines the shape of the political parties and the socio-political division of Switzerland is the multiculturalism of the country. The fundamental democratic instruments in the country comprise: referenda; popular initiatives and popular assemblies. Dysfunctional qualities hinder the system, and even constitute a barrier for the effectiveness of the process of decision-making.

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Demokracja bezpośrednia versus integracja mniejszości muzułmańskiej w Szwajcarii

51%

Matyja M.

Zoon Politikon

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2018

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issue 9

49-72

EN

The analysis of the role of the Muslim minority in Switzerland is the subject of this article. The Swiss political system is blocking the rights of Muslim religious minority and its full inte-gration in Switzerland and in the Swiss society. In Switzerland, the negative impact of direct democracy on the integration of Muslim religious minority exists. Limitation of full rights for the minority confirms the phenomenon of dysfunctionality in the Swiss direct democracy system.

PL

Przedmiotem tego artykułu jest analiza roli mniejszości muzułmańskiej w Szwajcarii. Szwajcarski system polityczny demokracji bezpośredniej blokuje prawa muzułmańskiej mniejszości religijnej i jej pełną integrację w społeczeństwie. Ograniczenie pełnych praw mniejszości potwierdza zjawisko dysfunkcyjności w tym systemie demokracji bezpośredniej.

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1 Przegląd Politologiczny

1 Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO

1 Zoon Politikon

3 Matyja M.

1 2019

2 2016

INSTRUMENTY I DOŚWIADCZENIA SZWAJCARSKIEGO SYSTEMU DEMOKRACJI BEZPOŚREDNIEJ

Is direct democracy in Switzerland dysfunctional?

Demokracja bezpośrednia versus integracja mniejszości muzułmańskiej w Szwajcarii