Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 19

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  T. G. Masaryk
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote

Pojetí republikanismu před ustavením Československé republiky

100%
Doubek V., Miller S.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
|
2018
|
vol. 116
|
issue 4
953-966
EN
The study analyses some aspects of the dynamic development of the end of the First World War, which led to the declaration of an independent Czechoslovakia. In particular, it concentrates on the planting of the republican character of this state as not a matter-of-course, only a gradually adopted part of the political plan and the programme of foreign resistance, headed by the later president T. G. Masaryk. In connection with the controversy over the character of the future state during the world war the text also contemplates the earlier considerations of the Czech political thought of the 19th century on the issue of the republic and the republican form of government.
2
Content available remote

Tomáš G. Masaryk na stránkách periodika Die Drei Ringe 1925‒1938

100%
Pospíšil C. V., Řeháková V.
Studia theologica
|
2021
|
issue 2
193-212
EN
The authors of this study have researched an internal periodical of the German Free Masons Die Drei Ringe which was published from the year 1925 until 1938. Their interest focuses on the attitude of the German Free Masons towards the figure of T. G. Masaryk in the First Czechoslovak Republic. There are neither positive nor negative expressions of interest towards the first President until the year 1929. An increasing number of references and a growing intensity of expressed esteem are apparent as of 1930. German Free Masons in Bohemia and Moravia were especially attracted to Masaryk’s concept of humanity, democracy and equality of nations. Much less focus is given to the religious dimension of Masaryk’s thinking, probably only from the side of the German professor of philosophy Oscar Kraus who presents Masaryk’s practical monotheist religiosity, naturally very understandable and attractive for the Free Masons. It is evident, however, that German Free Masons hold a strongly positive attitude towards Czechoslovakia, the country in which they lived, so they could be paradoxically referred to as true "Czechoslovakians".
3
Content available remote

T. G. M. - prezident hudbou obklopený

100%
Velek V.
Hudební věda (Musicology)
|
2019
|
vol. 56
|
issue 1
8-53
EN
The personality of the first President of Czechoslovakia, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, seen in the light of his relation to music and musical life represents a topic that has so far received only fragmentary scholarly attention, which makes it a suitable subject for team-based interdisciplinary research. The present paper, which is an initial attempt at a comprehensive survey, is based on both the academic output of historians specialising in T. G. Masaryk’s life and work, and the existing narrowly focused musicological findings. The Introduction sums up the information gathered earlier by Bedřich Bělohlávek in his book Masaryk a hudba (“Masaryk and Music”, Prague 1936), i.e., the data related to Masaryk’s music education, his relation to music and arts in general, the role of his wife, Charlotte (a professional pianist), family music-making, etc. While Bělohlávek’s focus was on Masaryk as a citizen, this paper lays emphasis on Masaryk as the President. The opening section deals with the development of research in this field and its historically changing conditions (the Second World War, the Communist era of 1948–1989). It was also thanks to Masaryk that music became an important vehicle for the presentation of the young republic abroad. Suffice it to mention his support for the young generation of composers (e.g., Anatol Provazník, Alois Hába and Bohuslav Martinů), as well as talented up-and-coming performers (Jarmila Novotná, Rudolf Firkušný), and his respect for the older generation (Josef Suk, Leoš Janáček); this section also focuses on his attitude to Czechoslovakia’s German-speaking music scene. Extensive attention is paid to Masaryk’s attitude to the Smetana/Dvořák tradition, as well as his reflections on the works of Richard Wagner, Ludwig van Beethoven and other major composers. The paper also mentions the occasional critical voices raised against Masaryk (e.g., by Vítězslav Novák or Richard Kubla). Adequate space is reserved for an outline of the approach to music life taken by the Office of the President. Its tasks included the organisation of music productions at Prague Castle and other residences used by Masaryk, as well as handling correspondence, requests for official audiences and patronage of events, offers of honorary membership and music projects, requests for financial support, etc. The final section of the paper outlines options for further research, including another area that has not been studied so far: namely the category of compositions, extensive in terms of both quantity and content, on the theme of T. G. Masaryk. This is duly characterised as “T. G. Masaryk’s second life in music.” The paper presents multiple examples documenting that Masaryk’s relevance to the development of the Czech music scene was greater than had been thought.
CS
Osobnost prvního československého prezidenta T. G. Masaryka a jeho vztahů k hudbě a hudebnímu dění představuje téma dosud zpracované pouze torzovitě a vhodné pro teamový interdisciplinární výzkum. Studie je pokusem o první komplexní pohled a navazuje jak na výstupy historiků zabývajících se životem a dílem T. G. Masaryka, tak i na dílčí úzce zaměřené muzikologické výstupy. Úvod shrnuje to, co již představil Bedřich Bělohlávek ve své knize Masaryk a hudba (Praha 1936), tj. přiblížení hudebního vzdělání, jeho vztah k hudbě a umění vůbec, činnost manželky Charlotty (profesionální klavíristka), pěstování hudby v rodině apod. Jestliže se Bělohlávek soustředil hlavně na Masaryka-občana, tak studie klade hlavní důraz na Masaryka-prezidenta. Úvod studie patří vývoji stavu bádání a proměnám podmínek pro jeho výzkum (2. světová válka, socialistické období 1948–1989). Hudba se i díky Masarykovi stala jednou z důležitých cest prezentace mladé republiky v zahraničí. Zde stačí uvést jeho podporu mladé skladatelské generace (např. Anatol Provazník, Alois Hába, Bohuslav Martinů), ale i slibných interpretačních talentů (např. Jarmila Novotná, Rudolf Firkušný) a úctu ke starší skladatelské generaci (např. Josef Suk, Leoš Janáček), zmapován je i vztah k německojazyčné hudební scéně v Československu. Velký prostor má přiblížení Masarykova vztahu ke smetanovské a dvořákovské tradici, k reflexi děl Richarda Wagnera, Ludwiga van Beethovena a dalších velikánů. Studie přibližuje také kritické hlasy, které se příležitostně ozvaly proti Masarykovi (např. Vítězslav Novák, Richard Kubla). Velký prostor dostal nástin toho, jakým způsobem Kancelář prezidenta republiky přistupovala k hudebnímu dění. Patří sem organizace hudebního života na Pražském hradě a v dalších místech Masarykova pobytu, vyřizování korespondence, žádostí o audience a protektoráty nad akcemi, nabídky čestného členství a hudebních produkcí, žádosti o finanční podporu apod. Závěr studie přináší nástin cest dalšího výzkumu a naznačuje jiné velké – dosud nezpracované – téma: kvantitativně a obsahově rozsáhlou skupinu skladeb na téma T. G. Masaryk. Zde je na místě užít spojení „druhý život T. G. Masaryka v hudbě“. Studie na mnoha příkladech dokazuje, že Masarykův význam pro vývoj české hudební scény byl větší, než jak se dosud jevil.
4
Content available remote

Jak a proč přemýšlet o české národní existenci?: poznámky na okraj dvou intelektuálních pokusů

89%
Hroch M.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue 2
297-321
EN
The author considers several texts that have recently been devoted to Masaryk’s book Česká otázka (The Czech Question), but the topic of the article revolves around the more general issue of “the Czech question,” and not the book itself. The intention is to find out what the contemporary forms and pathways are of the intellectual self-reflection on Czech national existence. On the one hand, there is a collection of philosophers and other experts in the humanities who are trying to determine the extent to which Masaryk’s book, dating from the end of the 19th century, is still important for the current state of the Czech nation (and thus “Czech questions”). On the other hand, another focus of the article is a set of twenty reflections on the current state of, and the degree of threat to, the nation’s uniqueness, written by a prominent Czech neurologist who also takes into account the more than century-long debate on the “meaning of Czech history.” Although a comparison of both approaches reveals some similarities in their awareness of a crisis in the current state of the Czech nation, significant differences in methodological starting points soon step into the foreground and from this emerge differences in the conclusions the different approaches reach, differences that touch on the future toward which the nation is maturing.
CS
Autor se zamýšlí nad několika příspěvky, které byly v nedávné době věnovány Masarykově České otázce, ale tématem je „česká otázka“ psaná s malým „č“. Záměrem je zjistit, jaké jsou způsoby a cesty intelektuální sebereflexe české národní existence v současnosti. Na jedné straně stojí sborník filosofů a dalších odborníků humanitního zaměření, kteří se pokoušejí určit, do jaké míry je pro současný stav českého národa (a tedy „české otázky) stále ještě významný Masarykův stejnojmenný spis z konce 19. století. Na druhé straně se předmětem zájmu stává soubor dvaceti zamyšlení nad současným stavem a stupněm ohrožení svébytnosti národa, jehož autorem je významný český neurolog, který svým způsobem rovněž bere v úvahu onu více než století trvající diskusi o „smyslu českých dějin“. Srovnání obou přístupů sice odhaluje některé shody ve vědomí krizovosti současné situace české národní existence, do popředí ale vystupují příznačné odlišnosti v metodologických východiscích a odtud vyplývající rozdíly v závěrech týkajících se národní budoucnosti, ke kterým dospívají.
5
Content available remote

Russian émigré philosopher Andrei Pavlov and his concept of T. G. Masaryk:

88%
Nykl H.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
|
2020
|
vol. 106
|
issue 3
587-607
EN
The article explores Andrei Tikhonovich Pavlov, Russian émigré philosopher based in interwar Czechoslovakia. There is, as yet, no scientific study dedicated to Pavlov. The available biographical data give an impression of Pavlov as a secondary philosopher, in the shadow of his more renowned colleagues. This paper, based on accessible sources, focuses on Pavlov’s career that equivocated largely between Russian émigré pedagogy and philosophy. It also explores Pavlov’s contribution to philosophy. The most extensive part of his work in this field is dedicated to philosophy of T. G. Masaryk. The paper focuses on Pavlov’s key theses and places them within the context of other studies reflecting Masaryk’s work by the Russian philosophers in exile. Thanks to research made, Pavlov does not seem as “philosopher in a shadow” anymore, but he becomes the one of the most intriguing and, at the same time, most controversial interpreter of Masaryk’s works.
6
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk und die deutsch-tschechischen Beziehungen: einige Bemerkungen zu einem alten Thema

88%
Rákosník J.
Prager wirtschafts- und sozialhistorische Mitteilungen - Prague Economic and Social History Papers
|
2019
|
issue 30
42-51
EN
Masaryk’s attitudes changed during his life. At the same time, however, it is also possible to observe certain constants of his thinking and political attitudes on this issue. The interpretive perspectives in historiography are very different: on the one hand, there is the view that the Czech nationalist was betraying the declared humanist ideals; on the other hand, he is portrayed as an scholar exalted above nationalist animosities. It must be acknowledged that he was not always completely coherent in his attitudes and changed accents depending on political circumstances throughout his life. To emphasize these differences, Masaryk’s life is divided into three phases. As a pre-war politician, he understood Czech historical state law as a fact in which he tried to propose a compromise solution for the coexistence of both nationalities based on a high degree of district self-government, which he did not owe to any of the unmatched national camps. During the war, his arguments were dominated by international aspects and the formation of Czechoslovakia as a nation state with the status of the Germans as a minority with equal individual rights. The third part about Masaryk as an interwar president deals mainly with the reasons for the failure to build a «political» nation that would overlap ethnic differences.
7
Content available remote

Poměr T. G. Masaryka k regulérním zednářům

88%
Pospíšil C. V.
Studia theologica
|
2020
|
vol. 1
197-227
EN
This theme is processed by Catholic theologian because the question of Free Masons is connected in the Catholic world frequently with a false presumption, a superstition, that Regular Free Masons are Satanists. Combating superstition is indeed the task of a theologian. In the first and preparative part of this study, the author presents the most important facts from the history of Regular Free Masons in the world and in Czech history. In the second and scientific contributive part, the author analyses the Masaryk’s texts which are dedicated to the issue of Free Masons in their chronological succession. In the conclusion, the author states, that T. G. Masaryk was never a Free Mason, and clarifies his relationship to this organization as diplomatic respect connected with combat for the liberty of conscience and democracy. The relationship between Catholics and Regular Free Masons should take the form of interreligious or ecumenical dialogues.
8
Content available remote

Oslavy narozenin prezidentů v meziválečném Československu

88%
Hájková D., Horák P.
Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.
|
2015
|
vol. 7
|
issue 2
32-58
EN
This study analyzes celebrations of presidents’ birthdays in interwar Czechoslovakia. Th e authors discuss the formative role of the holidays within the framework of the construction of Czechoslovak national identity. They focus on new forms of the celebrations and discuss how the earlier pattern of Emperor Francis Joseph Festivities were employed in republican festivities. The authors deal with political negotiations of festival regulations and codes as well as their implementation in practice. Th ey analyze which narratives were employed for the image of the president and the presidency in general. They also illuminate how fi rst Czechoslovak president Tomáš G. Masaryk’s birthday was commemorated after his abdication and particularly after his death, and how the festivity was changed after Edvard Beneš became president.
9
Content available remote

Masaryk’s Correspondence with the South Slavs: A Collection of Letters from Milan Pribićević to T. G. Masaryk

88%
Hladký L., Škerlová J., Cibulka P.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
|
2016
|
vol. 102
|
issue 3
393-422
EN
This paper aims to draw attention to interesting archival research conducted in 2012–2014 by employees of the Institute of History of the Czech Academy of Sciences. The outcome of their research was the publication of a large volume containing surviving correspondence between Czech philosopher and politician Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and the South Slavs, collected from Czech and foreign archives. The volume contains Masaryk’s letters exchanged with the South Slavs (i.e., members of the nations of the former Yugoslavia and the Bulgarians) from the 1880s to his death in 1937. A sample of the surviving correspondence presented in this paper is a collection of letters from the Serbian – and later, Yugoslav – officer and politician Milan Pribićević to T. G. Masaryk written between 1909 and 1934.
10
Content available remote

Českoslovenští zednáři (1925‒1938) a evoluční vznik člověka

88%
Pospíšil C. V., Řeháková V.
Studia theologica
|
2022
|
vol. 1
145-155
EN
Based on a critical analysis of the periodicals Svobodný zednář and Die drei Ringe, the authors of the article examine the attitudes of Czechoslovak Free Masons towards the question of the evolutionary origins of the human being and towards Darwinism in the period of 1925‒1938. Czech Free Masons had no interest in this issue. A clear rejection of Social Darwinism and racism can be found. German Free Masons, living in this country, consequently accepted the evolutionary origins of humans and naturally stood up against Social Darwinism, especially from 1933 on. The Darwinist concept of human origins was not used in even one case against the Bible, Christianity, or the Catholic Church. Taking into account the faith of regular Free Masons in God the Creator – the Great Architect and in the immortality of the human soul, one can quite easily speculate as to their closeness to the theistic interpretation of the evolutionary origins of humans which is typical for Christian thinkers.
11
Content available remote

Miloš Dokulil: Masaryk a náboženství. Sedm zastavení k 75. výročí úmrtí TGM

75%
Novotný Z.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2014
|
vol. 62
|
issue 3
443-451
EN
In this review study, the author above all observes the new perspectives on the philosophy of religion of T. G. Masaryk put forward in the book by M. Dokulil under review. He points to the multidisplinary approach (philosophy, theology, religious studies, ethics, sociology, psychology, selected natural sciences) of M. Dokulil, which is made possible by his immense erudition. The author of the study, together with the author of the book under review, refutes the frequently voiced opinion that would treat T. G. Masaryk as a thinker of the 19th century, significant only in his own time (and not a real philosopher at all), and on the contrary he attempts to show that Masaryk’s ideas and approach are still highly relevant.
12
Content available remote

Tomáš G. Masaryk na stránkách časopisu Svobodný zednář 1933‒1938

75%
Pospíšil C. V., Řeháková V., Sušer J.
Studia theologica
|
2021
|
vol. 1
207-225
EN
The volumes of the internal periodical of the Czech Free Masons 1933‒1938 make many references to T. G. Masaryk who was becoming an increasingly symbolic figure, shielding democratic Czechoslovakia at the time of enforced totalitarianism in neighbouring countries, especially in Germany. Czech Free Masons took Masaryk’s criticism about their organisation, expressed in his publication in 1905, extremely badly. It provoked heated discussions in their Lodges. It was especially Grand Master K. Weigner who often highlighted the religious dimension of Masaryk’s legacy. In general, there was a visible bond between Free Masonry and democracy which naturally led to the veneration of the President Liberator. Czech Free Masons had similar hopes in E. Beneš which was also true about German and Hungarian Free Masons in Czechoslovakia.
13
Content available remote

Philosopher on the throne. Edvard Beneš and the philosophical foundations of practical activity

75%
Marek J.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue Special_Issue_1
187-199
EN
The study deals with the political-philosophical standpoints of Edvard Beneš. The thesis of the study is that Beneš’s declared political principles stem directly from his philosophical views, which he already partially formulated in the period prior to the First World War, especially in his dissertation thesis titled The Origin and Development of Modern Political Individualism (Původ a vývoj moderního politického individualismu). The study shows that the formulation of Beneš’s political stances was strongly influenced by his analysis of the modern understanding of individualism. Beneš sides with 18th century contractualism, especially appreciating Locke. The study understands Beneš as a thinker and politician who reacted to the moral crisis of the first half of the 20th century, and who attempts to implement a renewal or educational process for the creation of a new Europeanhood. Beneš conceived his politics as an attempt to actualise ideas in a particular social situation.
14
Content available remote

Tomáš G. Masaryk na stránkách periodika Svobodný zednář 1925‒1932

75%
Pospíšil C. V., Řeháková V., Sušer J.
Studia theologica
|
2020
|
vol. 4
183-203
EN
The authors focus on an internal periodical of Czech Free Masons from 1925 till 1932, i.e. until the year of Hitler’s taking over power in Germany. They find out that the relationship of the Free Masons to T. G. Masaryk was gradually being intensified. While the periodical never mentioned him in the period 1925‒1927, from the following year on, occurrences of his name and expressions of honour towards him increased in number and in intensity. From the year 1931 onwards, his title “Mason without Apron” became official. Czech Free Masons also accepted Masaryk’s religious legacy which was contrary to what the majority in the society held.
15
Content available remote

Duchovní základy nadcivilizace

63%
Učník Ľ.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2017
|
vol. 65
|
issue 6
925-939
EN
In this paper, I propose to return to Jan Patočka’s question from 1970 and ask again what the spiritual foundations of life are in our times, to reflect on the changes in modern societies after the turn to what we now call neoliberalism. My claim is that Patočka’s analyses concerning the turn to scientific rationality is now a defining feature of our times that ‘colours’ the whole of our understanding. According to Patočka, these changes started with the turn to modern science in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, slowly changing our thinking, framing it through the ideas of formalisation and subjectivity that we simply and unquestioningly accept. I will extend Patočka’s analysis of ‘rational Supercivilisation’ to argue that its ‘radical’ version now defines our present. The outcome is the privileging of formalised rationality that undermines other forms of reasoning, whereby human ‘subjective’ meaning becomes homeless.
16
Content available remote

Muži 28. října a "spor o zásluhy" na vzniku Československa

63%
Galandauer J.
Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.
|
2011
|
vol. 3
|
issue Supplementum_1
193-203
EN
The study deals with the historical evolution of the normative appraisal of the 28th of October, 1918, within Czech historiography and politics. The author tackles the perspective of direct participants in the context of the "argument over credits", structuring the political discourse of interwar Czechoslovakia. The paper then concludes with an overview - how was the topic of the 28th of October presented in Czech historiography after 1989.
17
Content available remote

Dvě ontologie české demokracie: T. G. Masaryk a J. L. Fischer

63%
Pauza M.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2015
|
vol. 63
|
issue 2
233-245
EN
The article treats of the discussion of democracy in the Czech intellectual context of the first half of the 20th century. Its starting point is the thesis that the nature of this discussion is determined by two clearly defined types of approach. One of them understood democracy as the concerning the general level which alone enabled free discussion and the dignified life of citizens (E. Beneš, E. Rádl, F. X. Šalda, F. Peroutka, K. Čapek and others). The second approach is an attempt to found democratic social-political practice on reflected philosophical theory. This conception is represented by T.G. Masaryk and J.L. Fischer. Masaryk is the “ontotheologian” of democracy which is, for him, an expression of the active presence of Providence in history. J. L. Fischer is the “onto-epistemologist” of democracy. He understands democracy as the realisation of the hierarchical Order of Reality, interpreted along the lines of structural functionalism. For Masaryk a crisis of democracy is ex definitione impossible, for Fischer it is a real threat because “pathological structures”. In both cases, however, there is an attempt to legitimise everyday reality by Transcendence.
18
Content available remote

Ke vztahu filosofické teorie, politické praxe a historické odpovědnosti u Edvarda Beneše

63%
Hroch J.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2016
|
vol. 64
|
issue 3
407-422
EN
The author in his discussion study attempts to capture the deeper historical and philosophico-political outlook behind the particular decisions of Edvard Beneš at signifi­cant moments in the history of Czechoslovakia. At the same time, he shows that E. Beneš understood his political praxis as the application and concretisation of his philosophical and scientific knowledge. Beneš’ lifelong struggle for the freedom and dignified existence of the Czechoslovak state presents an integral part of the Czech national tradition. At the same time, however, it is still relevant and inspirational in the specific historical situation of contemporary Europe.
19
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Robert Saudek a jeho Diplomati

51%
Topor M.
Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense
|
2023
|
vol. 20
|
issue 1
40-66
EN
The present study examines Saudek’s novel Diplomats (1921) from three perspectives: first, with regard to the (biographical) circumstances of its creation and publication; second, in the gradual development of its concrete form and fields of meaning; third, with an emphasis on the ways in which it was realized. The middle part of the study is the most dominant, evoking (in excerpts and comments) specific elements and constraints of Saudek’s novel structure — centred on the feminist intermingling of the story of Pygmalion with Christ’s (or apostolic) gestation, in accordance with a tendency of the period to bring together the national and universal horizons of salvation, and to confront the temporal connections and confrontations with stimuli from the outside world. To understand their present and future, the main protagonists of the novel are constructed as initiates in the art of graphology, able to identify the handwriting of famous writers. They believe, moreover, that they can recognize the ‘handwriting of history’: that is, the contours of what is to come. At the same time, they do not want to remain mere contemplative readers of this historical nature, and they go in search of someone who can change the course of the world to meet their ideal, namely that of a peaceful world. They find this in the figure of T. G. Masaryk.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.