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R&D CAPACITY AND TECHNOLOGICAL INTENSITY OF INDUSTRIES: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES AND ESTIMATES (Naukoyemkost' i tekhnologuicheskaya intensivnost' otrasley promyshlennosti: metodologuicheskiye podkhody i otsenki)

100%
Bulkin I. O., Denisyuk V. A.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
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2010
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issue 2
72-89
EN
The article aims to analyze methodologies for identification and distinguishing of industries by R&D capacity and technological intensity, and construct a methodology for measuring Ukrainian industries, in order to study structure of the national industry. Relevant methodologies and practices of leading international organizations, such as the US National Science Foundation (NSF), the OECD, Canadian Ministry for Science and Technology, as well as the former USSR are reviewed. A methodology for R&D capacity measurement in the Ukrainian industry (by industry) with accounting for science & technology, innovation and production capacities by use of existing official statistical indicators is built. Estimations of R&D capacity at industrial enterprises of Ukraine on the basis of data for 2008 are made. Results of comparisons of industries' grouping by technology level, practiced in Ukraine and in the OECD, are discussed, with emphasis on common and distinctive features of the two groupings. Analysis of groups of industrial objects in Ukraine with various R&D capacity (by economic activity), estimated on the basis of official statistical data, demonstrates full mismatch between science & technology, innovation and industrial policies in Ukraine, being an evidence of insignificance (underdevelopment) of technologically advanced productions in Ukraine.
2

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING AND EXPORT PERFORMANCE BY THE TECHNOLOGICAL INTENSITY OF THE PRODUCTS

86%
Bojnec Š., Fertӧ I.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2014
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vol. 62
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issue 10
1065 – 1080
EN
This article examines the effects of research and development (R&D) spending on merchandise export by low, medium-low, medium-high, and high technological intensity of the products between OECD countries by panel data econometric approaches using a gravity model. R&D spending is positively associated with merchandise exports, particularly for high technological intensity products in exporting countries. R&D spending can contribute to offsets the effect of distance on merchandise export, except for low technological intensity products. R&D spending fostered catching-up in merchandise export from developing to developed OECD countries in each technological intensity of the products, particularly for high and medium low technological intensity of the products and served in successful import penetration in medium-high and medium-low technological intensity of the products. R&D spending can play important role in strategies of export-oriented industrialization by a shift of merchandise exports towards higher technological intensity of the products and in successful import penetration.
3

CHINA SYNDROME REVISITED: IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL INTENSITY AND CHINESE IMPORT PENETRATION ON LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES IN THE EU

86%
Damijan J., Kostevc Č., Redek T.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2023
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vol. 71
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issue 2
119 – 138
EN
This paper contributes to research on the factors that have led to the decline of manufacturing employment in advanced economies by studying the impact of both import penetration and technological intensity on manufacturing employment between 2008 and 2018 using an extensive industry-level dataset for 28 EU countries. The findings make it clear that the growing share of Chinese imports in total extra-EU-28 imports significantly explains the declining trend in EU sectoral employment. The mentioned trend is shown to be mainly driven by the import penetration of Chinese consumer goods and less by the outsourcing of intermediate products. Yet, little evidence is found of technological intensity having a detrimental impact on sectoral employment outcomes. While the correlation between business expenditure on research and development per employee and employment growth was weakly negative, the share of information and communication technologies assets in total assets was positively correlated with both aggregate employment growth and the share of unskilled workers in the sector.
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