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ANALYTICKÝ TOMIZMUS

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Studia theologica
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2011
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vol. 13
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issue 2
32-48
EN
The article identifies and further specifies the basic features of Thomism, analytical philosophy, and analytical Thomism. It draws upon the respective encyclicals on this topic, viz. Aeterni Patris and Fides et ratio, as well as upon certain other studies (Haldane, Poiuvet, Berti). It does not, however, consider these studies as fully sufficient, and thus proposes the following features of analytical Thomism: (1) openness to analytical thinking; (2) openness towards contemporary findings in the natural sciences and their philosophical interpretation; (3) openness to solving theological issues, particularly in Catholic theology; (4) the adoption of the metaphysical core of Aquinas’s doctrine based on the act of being (which guarantees metaphysical realism) as well as the determination of the content of further basic metaphysical concepts and principles.
EN
Two outstanding figures among the 20th century neoscholastics in Italy are Cornelio Fabro and Gustavo Bontadini. The article presents their views on the essence, historical role and chronological boundaries of modern thought. Their views are far from similar. Fabra favours antimodernist approach, Bontadini is more dialectical. These differences can be explained by two theoretical orientations which they have adopted. Fabro postulates a return to pure thomism reinterpreted as an existentialist philosophy. Bontadini, inspired by the 'philosophy of act' of Giovanni Gentile, proposes to reduce thomism to an incipient form of neoparmenideism.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2017
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vol. 72
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issue 3
215 – 227
EN
The paper deals with the history of Christian philosophy and its two main versions, Thomistic and Augustinian, as well as the criteria of the rationality of a worldview. The comparison of the two versions of Christian philosophy enables us to argue that the Thomistic version of Christian philosophy is more conductive to the dialogue with other worldviews than its Augustinian counterpart. Further, the article introduces the criteria of the rationality of a worldview and addresses the question whether Thomistic version of Christian philosophy meets them.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2010
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vol. 65
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issue 6
600-608
EN
The paper introduces the work of B. F. Lonergan, a Canadian philosopher and theologian, who is almost unknown in Slovak philosophical context. The paper covers basic elements and sources, which are necessary for the research on Loneragan's work. Because the Lonergan's texts are new for our philosophical community, we are facing the problem of how to translate some of the key terms of his philosophy (e.g. insight). In its second part, the paper shows basic principles of the transcendental method in philosophy. There is a specific tradition that Lonergan is part of - transcendental Thomism (its representatives are among others Marechal, Muck, Coreth), which, accepting the classical principles of Thomistic philosophy, responses to Kantian philosophy. The analysis of success of the transcendental method in philosophy is valuable and helps us to understand the developments of modern philosophy.
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Interpersonální dialog jako východisko metafyziky

100%
Studia theologica
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2010
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vol. 12
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issue 2
54-65
EN
The article deals with American Personalist Thomist, W. N. Clarke, and his theory of the foundation of metaphysics in interpersonal dialogue. Classical Thomist metaphysics is based on the philosophy of nature. Clarke does not reject this approach, but he prefers his theory as better and more useful. His theory has realist roots and tries to avoid the mistakes that are present, according to him, in Cartesian and Kantian approaches.
EN
The paper is focused on the question whether a human person should be treated as a rational animal or an embodied spirit. The first definition of a human being goes back to Aristotle. In his conception human being is the highest animal, i.e. he is on the top of the hierarchy of material beings. The second definition shows human being on the lowest position in the realm of spirits. Here human being is the lowest and the least perfect among spiritual beings, the only spirit who is submerged into material world. The paper presents and discusses the ideas of W. Norris Clarke, who was influenced by James Etzwiller.
EN
The Thomistic proof of the immateriality of human reason consists in the argument from the fact that intellection has as its object not empirical particulars but abstract universals. A standard objection against dualism plays up the problem with the causal influence of the soul on the body (psychophysical problem). The Thomistic solution depends on the hylemorphic conception of the soul as a substantial form of body, i.e. on the view that the human soul is (also) that in virtue of which a human body has those essential properties which it has.
EN
Averroes and Aquinas have different manners to solve the question of subject. For Averroes the subject is a particular 'carrier' of universal nature. For Aquinas it is an essential subject for accidental features. Both metaphysics are based on Aristotle's texts. Averroes preferred the latest stage of Stagirite's thought, from 'Metaphysica Z', with forma-quidditas as 'prima substantia'. However Aquinas preferred early Aristotle from 'Cathegoriae', with individual being as primary substance.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2009
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vol. 64
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issue 9
827-838
EN
The term of practice plays an important role in MacIntyre's philosophy. He uses it in two different ways: either generally as contrast with theory or as a specifically defined term within his Neo-Aristotelianism. These two meanings are independent from each other. The paper is a reconstruction of MacIntyre's argument concerning the notion of practice in its general sense and as related to the concept of theory. First, it analyses practice as opposite to theory, and its Marxist roots; second, it outlines the post-Marxist revolutionary 'Benedictine' vision of MacIntyre's Thomistic Aristotelianism; third, the issue in question is exemplified via the mutual relationship between political philosophy and politics; finally, several implications of the author's argument are suggested. The paper claims that those engaged in elaboration, critique and implementation of political and/or moral theories may benefit from MacIntyre's insightful account of the significance of practice for theory.
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