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1

PAST OR FUTURE? FUNCTIONAL MEANING OF TIME PERSPECTIVE

100%
Kozak B., Mazewski M.
Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)
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2007
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vol. 16
225-233
EN
The main area of interest for this publication was time perspective, which builds among the others the concept of psychological time. Introduction section includes a brief description of research focused on psychological time, with emphasis on psychological perspective. Zimbardo and Boyd time perspective concept was widely presented. Their issue of time perspective includes 5 dimensions: past negative, past positive, fatalistic and hedonistic presence and future. The publication presents also the very early results of analyses of the Polish adaptation of Zimbardo and Boyd Time Perspective Questionnaire. The five-factor structure of the questionnaire was confirmed. Values of alfa Cronbacha indicators confirmed a reliability of each scale. Validity has been shown by correlation analyses. The research was conducted on the 388 Polish people sample. The paper brings also some results of the research which confirmed the distinguish meaning of the balanced time perspective for human functioning.
2

TIME FOR BEING THANKFUL: BALANCED TIME PERSPECTIVE AND GRATITUDE

80%
Szczesniak M., Timoszyk-Tomczak C.
Studia Psychologica
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2018
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vol. 60
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issue 3
150 – 166
EN
The aim of this report is twofold: 1) to demonstrate how grateful disposition is related to time perspectives in late adolescents and young people in the process of transition into early adulthood; 2) to verify whether age indeed moderates the relationship between the present-hedonistic dimension and gratitude, as well as future and gratitude in such a way that these relationships are stronger in high school students and undergraduates than in graduates. The results provide strong support for the hypothesis that gratitude is higher in the case of the past-positive, present-hedonistic, and future time perspectives. As regards the reverse correlations, deviation from a balanced time perspective is positively associated with gratitude GQ-6 and IPIP-VIA. This suggests that different types of focus on recalling the past, experiencing the present, and facing the future might predict a grateful disposition and gratitude. Moreover, age moderated the relationship between the present-hedonistic perspective and gratitude.
3

DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TIME PERSPECTIVE: THE TYPES, PREDICTORS, AND TRENDS

61%
Klicperová-Baker M., Weissenberger S., Poláčková Šolcová I., Děchtěrenko F., Vňuková M., Ptáček R.
Studia Psychologica
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2020
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vol. 62
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issue 3
259 – 276
EN
A nationwide sample (N = 2201, aged 15-89) from the Czech Republic was administered the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) along with demographic, social, and attitudinal questions to reveal developmental shifts in the Future, Present-Hedonistic, Present-Fatalistic, Positive-Past and Negative-Past dimensions. It turned out that age was not the only significant developmental factor (bivariate analyses were scrutinized by multiple linear regression, which yielded additional predictors for individual ZTPI dimensions, such as education, employment, marital status, health, political leaning, or religiousness; some were more significant than age). Latent class analysis (LCA) was then used to identify meaningful time perspective patterns, which corresponded to distinctly different developmental tasks and coping strategies: Hedonic pattern typical for the young (16%), Empowered pattern usual for mid-age adulthood (characterized by high future commitment along with low fatalism and low hedonism; 25%), and two patterns typical for aging – prevalently positive Moderate pattern (39%) and Past-Oriented Fatalism (20%). Predictors for LCA classes and ZTPI dimensions provide leads for fostering healthy time perspective.
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