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GERMAN LIBERAL PARTIES VIS-A-VIS GERMANY'S IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TERMS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES (1919-23)

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Kubiak P.
Przegląd Zachodni
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2008
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issue 4(329)
169-189
EN
The article presents the position of two German liberal parties: the DDP (Deutsche Demokratische Partei) and the DVP (Deutsche Volkspartei) on Germany's foreign policy in the years 1919-1923. Their common starting point is the Treaty of Versailles imposed on Germany, its revision being demanded by all the political parties in Germany. Other issues discussed in the article include the stance of DDP and DVP on the crucial events of 1919-1923 which were the aftermath of the Treaty of Versailles: the London ultimatum, the 'policy of fulfillment' (Erfüllungspolitik), the issue of Upper Silesia, Rapallo, and the occupation of the Ruhr Area by French and Belgian forces. It was then that foundations were laid for the policy implemented later, i.e. in the years 1923-1929 by the German Minister of Foreign Affairs Gustav Stresemann (DVP), who strove to obtain a revision of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles by reaching agreement with the western powers.
2
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Recepcia práva a vznik právneho poriadku medzivojnovej Československej republiky

100%
LaclavíKová M.
Z Dziejów Prawa
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2012
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vol. 5(13)
211-232
EN
The end of World War I, dissolution of multinational Austria-Hungary and consequent for- mation of independent national states, borders of which were internationally guaranteed in the peace Treaty of Versailles, affected law development in the territory of Slovakia. These facts were not from the viewpoint of private law as substantial as revolution acts of 1848/1849; how- ever, they meant minimally a change in State and legal conditions, usually connected more or less with efforts to create new, mostly “national” law and a legal order. The revolutionary for- mation of the Czechoslovak Republic did not provide the time needed for creation of materially new law, and thus the institute of reception of law found its application, principally necessarily, meaning that from the material or contentual viewpoint the legal order of the newly established Czechoslovak State was identical to the legal order of the ceasing to exist Austria-Hungary, ex- cept for necessary changes related to the changes of the State and legal conditions. With regards to the fact that the legal order of Austria-Hungary was not internally, formally or materially the same, reception of law content determined existence of two legal areas in one, often claimed to be unitary, State. The author was interested in the legal area of Slovakia, where as consequence of reception former Hungarian legal norms (transformed to Czechoslovak norms valid in the territory of Slovakia) remained valid; and in its framework sources of private law, in particular specific for the Hungarian legal order — the legal customs and binding decisions of the Hungar- ian Supreme Court (the so-called curial decisions).
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REMILITARIZÁCIA RÝNSKEJ ZÓNY 7.MARCA 1936: OTÁZKA HRANÍC A MEDZINÁRODNEJ BEZPEČNOSTI (AJ) V STREDNEJ EURÓPE

88%
Ferenčuhová B.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2014
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vol. 62
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issue 1
39 – 59
EN
The entry of 30,000 German soldiers into the demilitarized Rhineland was a violation of the Treaty of Versailles and of the Locarno agreements signed under the aegis of the League of Nations in 1925. The latter were understood as giving some degree of correction to Versailles. They included the Rhine Pact, which internationally guaranteed the inviolability of the French – German and French – Belgian frontiers, and of the demilitarized Rhineland. Locarno could not be unilaterally renounced. Therefore Hitler resorted to force, while the Western powers gave priority to diplomacy and an effort to prove that the Locarno agreements had not lost their legal force. Slovak historiography has not devoted much attention to the Rhineland crisis, although it had an unfortunate impact on the fate of Czechoslovakia and the whole of Central Europe. The study is directed mainly towards French policy. On the basis of research in the diplomatic and military archives, it considers the problem of the struggle between force and law. Law suffered a defeat in Europe in 1936.
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