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ETHNONYMS OF WENDS AND BALTIC-SLAVIC TRIBES (Etnonyma polabsko-pobaltskych slovanskych kmenov)

100%
Ripka I.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
|
2010
|
vol. 75
|
issue 4-5
287-292
EN
This contribution presents ethnonyms related to the north-western branch of West Slavs, who, in the Middle Ages, inhabited the Elbe basin, the lower Oder basin as well as the Baltic coast from Schleswig up to the delta of the Vistula River. The author outlines particularly the names (and respective period etymology of them) which Pavol Jozef Safarik stated in his irreplaceable Slavic Antiquities (Slovanske starozitnosti) from the 1837. Translation of their 2nd part including a period from the 476 to the 988 was published in the 2009.
2

Kształtowanie się Śląska (do 1163 r.). Czynniki integracji regionalnej

100%
Rosik S.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 4
31–52
EN
Silesia, as a distinct region, took shape along with the development of state and church structures under the Piast rule. Said formation of structures caused the dissolution of tribal relations. The central indicator of regional identity, the name belonging to the cultural legacy of barbaricum acquired a new meaning, territorial by nature and far removed from the primal meaning, belonging to multiple traditions, not necessarily all of them Silesian. Due to cultural interpretation the Ślęża mountain, a source of myths and an essential element of many legends as well as of the landscape has undergone a similar transformation. During the time under consideration the influence of so-called anthroporegional structure that reaches back to prehistoric times on the structure of settlement is noticeable. When compared to the tribal times the period of early state formation of the Piast Monarchy saw an increased influence of the river Oder as an axis for the establishment of administration in both state and church. Integration of the region has progressed around the centre located in Wrocław. The feudal fragmentation of 1138 halted this process. The divisions separated regions formerly belonging to one diocese and, most likely, one province as well. Among the issues significant for the formation of the region were, in the second half of the 12th and beginning of the 13th centuries, the limitation of the meaning of “Silesia” to the latter-day Lower Silesia, as well as defining its regional identity, in context of territorial authorities, to Silesian titulary rather than the one of Wrocław. This was a return to the naming tradition of the Ślężanie tribe. Silesia as a region became thusly an undeniable fact of the social and political life of the fragmented Poland, while the extension of Silesian territory to the upper part of the Oder river waited for the 14th century.
3

IRAQ: THE AMBITIONS OF KING GHĀZĪ AND THE POLICY OF YĀSĪN AL-HĀSHIMĪ (1935 – 1936)

75%
Sorby K. J.
Asian and African Studies
|
2020
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vol. 29
|
issue 1
42 – 60
EN
Tribal grievances in Iraq had mostly been triggered by glaring injustice connected with the land and irrigation rights of particular tribes. However, some of the issues related to the grievances of the Shīca as a whole. The sheikhs also drew up a petition asking the king to dismiss the Prime Minister cAlī Jawdat al-Ayyūbī and to dissolve parliament. When this produced no result, direct action followed. In January 1935 unrest erupted in the mid-Euphrates region. It was at this point that Ḥikmat Sulaymān, an opponent of the prime minister and a leading member of the Patriotic Brotherhood Party, urged his old friend General Bakr Ṣidqī (commanding officer of the southern region) to refuse to suppress the tribal unrest. Faced by this and by dissent within his cabinet, cAlī Jawdat al-Ayyūbī resigned. His successor Jamīl al-Midfacī was then confronted by a growing tribal rebellion in the Dīwānīya region, led by two powerful tribal shaykhs, cAbdalwāḥid al-Ḥājj Sikkar and Shaclān al-cAṭīya, which had been in close touch with Yāsīn al-Hāshimī, leader of the Patriotic Brotherhood Party. When Ṭāhā al-Hāshimī, the chief of staff of the Iraqi army and brother of Yāsīn, refused to crush the revolt, Jamīl al-Midfacī’s suspicions of a plot were confirmed and he too resigned. Yāsīn al-Hāshimī, portrayed as the only man who could save the situation (because he had largely instigated it), was then asked by the king to form a government in March 1935, having effectively carried out a coup d’état against his rivals.
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