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More than 15 years of human behaviour genetic research at the University of Warsaw

100%
Oniszczenko W.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2009
|
vol. 40
|
issue 3
117-120
EN
Human behaviour genetic research has been conducted at the University of Warsaw for more than 15 years. The main focus of this work have been the origins of individual differences in temperament and other personality traits. Other areas of interest include attitudes, risk factors for human health, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The majority of the research is conducted using quantitative genetic methods although recently work using molecular techniques has also begun to develop. This article reviews the most important directions and findings of this research.
2

MORE THAN 15 YEARS OF BEHAVIOUR GENETIC RESEARCH IN POLAND (Ponad 15 lat badan genetyki zachowania w Polsce)

100%
Oniszczenko W.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
|
2009
|
vol. 20
9-16
EN
Genetic research has been conducted in Poland for more than 15 years. The main focus of this work have been the origins of individual differences in temperament and other personality traits. Other areas of interest include attitudes, risk factors for human health, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The majority of the research is conducted using quantitative genetic methods although recently work using molecular techniques has also begun to develop. This article reviews the most important directions and findings of this research.
3

HEREDITARY PHONETIC PARAMETERS OF THE HUMAN VOICE

88%
Papay K.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2007
|
vol. 131
|
issue 3
306-315
EN
Voice recognition or speaker identification has been studied from several points of view. The close similarity of the voices of consanguineous persons has suggested that there must exist some hereditary phonetic parameters. To test this hypothesis, a method for characterizing the similarity or dissimilarity of voices of siblings and identical twins in numerical terms was developed. If some parameters of human voice are genetically determined, monozygotic twins must have a higher intra-pair similarity of voice than dizygotic like-sexed twins or brothers/sisters. If agreement within monozygotic twins significantly exceeds that observed in dizygotic twins of the same gender, it may be anticipated that the condition is more under genetic than environmental control. In the present work, the voices of both members of three female 21-22-year-old pairs of monozygotic twins and three female 20-24-year-old pairs of sisters speaking about the same picture for a duration of about 2 minutes were recorded by the computer program Wave Studio. The material was analyzed by the Praat 4.2 voice analyzing program: average pitch, first three formants and formant bandwidths of nine vowels, the duration of words, vowels and alveolar fricatives, word intensity, FFT spectra of vowels, broad band and narrow band spectrograms of words, and broad band spectrograms of alveolar fricatives were analysed and numerically characterized. The results, in accordance with our expectations, show that intra-pair differences between monozygotic twins were lower than those between sisters. It may be concluded that a single parameter is not capable of complete discrimination; there is no definite answer as to which parameter is the single most characteristic one of the inheritability of human voice.
4

THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY, COGNITIVE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC FACTORS AS DETERMINANTS OF RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM: A TWIN STUDY IN POLISH SAMPLE

75%
Jakubowska U., Oniszczenko W.
Studia Psychologica
|
2010
|
vol. 52
|
issue 3
253-263
EN
This study has sought to identify the determinants of religious fundamentalism. The following hypothetical determinants were tested: genetic influence, environmental influence, and such psychological variables as anxiety and assumptions about the nature of the social world. It was assumed that trait anxiety and assumptions about the social world are mediators of religious fundamentalism. The study was run on 112 participants (29 women and 83 men) aged from 18 to 28 years; the sample consisted of 19 monozygotic and 37 dizygotic pairs of twins reared together. The results of structural equation modelling showed that religious fundamentalism is mainly determined by environmental influences (38% heritable) whereas trait anxiety and assumptions about the nature of the social world are largely genetically determined (60% heritable). Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between trait anxiety and negative social world view but, contrary to the hypothesis, the results of multiple regression analysis suggest that trait anxiety is the only predictor of religious fundamentalism.
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