Results found: 2

Search results

Search:
in the keywords: Tamil literature

Sort By:

Limit search:

Śiwa Nataradźa i klasyczny taniec indyjski w kulturze tamilskiej

100%

Żakowska N.

Przegląd Orientalistyczny

2012

issue 3-4(243-244)

163-179

Indian dance is one of the oldest, still existing and evolving arts. The concept of dance related to Śiva Naṭarājā (‘The Lord of the Dancers’) performing ānandatāṇḍava dance (‘the dance of bliss’) was formed in Tamilnadu. We find references to dancing from the very earliest time in myths, beliefs, rituals and written sources as well. Following the history of Indian dance, we trace the development and modification of this art. At times dance takes on more extended and complex form, but its main structure has persevered up to the present day.

Old Tamil Kings and Chieftains as Described in Sangam Literature

86%

Vacek J.

Cracow Indological Studies

2013

vol. 15: Text History and Society as Depicted in Indian Literature and Art. Part II. ŚRAVYA. Poetry & Prose

325-354

Old Tamil Sangam literature can offer some very concrete information about a number of local kings and chieftains (Pāri, Ōri, Āy, Naḷḷi, Pēkaṉ etc.) and occasionally also their relations with the three great dynasties Pāṇṭya, Cōḻa and Cēra. The three dynasties use special symbols, which are partly derived from nature: tiger (puli) – the emblem of the Cōḻa Kings; fish (mīṉ) – the symbol of the Pāṇṭyas. The Western Cēras use a ‘military’ symbol, viz. the bow (vil). Kings and chieftains (vēḷir) are referred to on various occasions; they fulfil various roles, among other things also that of ‘sponsors’ of the poets. References to chieftains and other ‘political’ figures in Sangam literature are made with regard to war and partly other social functions as can be seen in the standard formulas appearing with these figures. The paper sums up some of the roles of the castes according to the Poruḷatikāram of the Tolkāppiyam grammar and then deals with the ‘positive’ attributes of kings and chieftains. For example, they possess strong or quick bows (val vil, 33x), long lances (neṭu vēl, 29x) or sharp lances (kūr vēl, 10x), (great) moving chariots (iyal tēr, 21x) or strong chariots (tēr vaṇ, 8x), and strong horses (mā vaṇ, 11x) or big horses (neṭu mā, 5x). Their hands are wide (taṭam kai, 46x) and liberal (kai vaṇ, 18x) and they perform victorious battles (vel pōr, 36x) and good battles (nal pōr, 7x). They have a reputation for liberality (vaṇ pukaḻ, 5x), in fact, they experience joy in liberality (vaṇ makiḻ, 14x). They enjoy excellence (cīr keḻu, 14x), abundant fame (urai cāl, 19x) or great fame (name) (peru peyar, 36x). There are also negative attributes. The paper will document some selected ‘qualifications’ of the ‘men of war’.

Refine search results

1 Cracow Indological Studies

1 Przegląd Orientalistyczny

1 Vacek J.

1 Żakowska N.

1 2013

1 2012

Search results

Śiwa Nataradźa i klasyczny taniec indyjski w kulturze tamilskiej

Old Tamil Kings and Chieftains as Described in Sangam Literature