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EN
Lyrics of the Tatar poet N. Gambar was the subject of the research. His creative activity depicted the leading tendencies of the national historic-literary process at the end of ХХ – beginning of ХХI centuries. Intertextuality became one of the Gambar’s poetic techniques determining his unique creative manner. The present article considers it as a form of a lyrical subject self identification. The works on intertextuality by Yu. Kristeva, G. Genette, as well as the works by B. O. Korman, S. N. Broitman, which determine the principles of subject sphere organization in the lyrical work, influenced the concept of research. System and structure-based and context-hermeneutic approaches were applied for the solution of the set of objectives. It was determined that the Gambar lyrical subject’s self identification as the bearer of the overall generic substance of the mankind, as a representative of a certain ethnos, unique individuality and, finally, as a poet and a demiurge occurs in the dialogue with the Other.
EN
The scientific novelty of work consists in the appeal to modern Tatar literary process which remains almost not investigated. The choice for the analysis of works of the Tatar literature has been caused, first of all, by the novelty of their esthetic concept. Relevant texts of the Tatar prose writers in the development plan for national art of literature are considered, the main vectors of the movement of historico-literary process are traced. As a result of the conducted research, the art and esthetic nature of the realism in modern Tatar prose incorporating elements of other art systems is established. Content and volume of the concepts ‘literary direction’, ‘current’, ‘post-realism’, ‘post-colonial literature’, ‘classical realism’ are specified in relation to the modern national historico-literary process.
PL
W niniejszym artykule przeanalizowano obrzęd azanu wśród Tatarów polskich na podstawie zapisów zawartych w Chamaile Alijewicza. Temu zabytkowi piśmiennictwa tatarskiego nadano taką nazwę ze względu na brak możliwości zidentyfikowania jego autora. Ibrahim Bronisław Alijewicz był natomiast imamem Muzułmańskiej Gminy w Nowym Jorku i to o nim wiadomo, że przez wiele lat swojej posługi korzystał właśnie z tego chamaiłu. We wprowadzeniu przedstawiona została charakterystyka języków występujących w chamaile oraz w innych zabytkach piśmiennictwa tatarskiego. Część kolejna opisuje Chamaił Alijewicza pod względem wyglądu, struktury oraz zawartości (szczegółowy spis treści). Część ostatnia zawiera opis azanu oraz przetłumaczony fragment Chamaiłu Alijewicza dotyczący tego obrzędu. Dla porównania zamieszczone są również zdjęcia oryginalnych stron zapisanych pismem arabskim. Opisany w niniejszym artykule tatarski obrzęd azanu pokazuje, że wśród Tatarów polskich nakładają się na siebie religia muzułmańska, chrześcijańska, dawne obrzędy plemienne, a także polskie tradycje ludowe.
EN
The name Alijewicz's Chamaił refers to the manual for the rite of azan, used by the Tatars' community and its long-time imam, Ibrahim Bronisław Alijewicz, in New York. It bears his name for the impossibility of identifying its real author. The opening paragraphs of the article describe languages found in the chamaił and other extinct writings of the Tatars. The central part is devoted to the detailed analysis of the structure and content of the Alijewicz's Chamaił, as well as its external appearance. The closing paragraphs describe the actual azan. There is also a translation of an excerpt from the Alijewicz's Chamaił referring to this rite, along with the photographs of the original text in Arabic. The rite of azan, as described in this article, demonstrates a significant influence of Islam, Christianity, ancient tribal rites and Polish folk customs on the Tatars living in Poland.
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