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1

Właściwości fizykochemiczne wody potoków tatrzańskich w okresie kwiecień – listopad 2011 roku

100%
Wolanin A.
Prace Geograficzne
|
2013
|
issue 133
49-60
EN
The chemistry of mountains streams depends on natural factors (geology, litology, tectonics, and variable supply patterns) and anthropogenic factors. The aim of this paper is to determine the spatial diversity and variability of physico-chemical properties of streamwater in the Tatra Mts. Principal components analysis was used to determine the factors influencing the chemical composition of streamwater in the Tatra Mountains. Nine streams in the Tatra Mts. were selected for research. Using ion chromatography the concentration of 14 ions was estimated. The variability of physical and chemical parameters of streamwater depends mainly on the geology of an area and dissolution process. Generally, diluted water contains lower concentrations of most dissolved ions. Another factor is the influence of temperature and vegetation.
2
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Mountain hiking in Tatra National Park

100%
Mokras-Grabowska J.
Turyzm
|
2016
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vol. 26
|
issue 1
71-78
EN
Tatra National Park is the most frequently visited national park in Poland. During the peak season (summer), it attracts both ‘fully aware’ tourists, properly prepared for mountain hiking, and ‘casual’ hikers, motivated mainly by the shallow desire to ‘tick off’ the most popular places in the highest Polish mountains. The article describes the specific character of mountain hikers in Tatra National Park during the summer season, with particular attention paid to the motivations and skills involved in active tourism.
3
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The profile of tourist visiting Zakopane and Tatra National Park

88%
Urbaniak A., Mazur B.
Studia Periegetica
|
2014
|
vol. 12(2)
25-36
EN
Mountain tourism has lately become a more and more popular way of spending free time. One of the reasons for this is the constantly developing infrastructure. The Podhale Region and Tatra Mountains are very popular travel destination. However, the forms of tourism and the profile of a typical tourist have changed over the years. First, Zakopane had become a health resort, where it was hiking in the mountains which brought people here. Afterwards, it was artists coming here looking for the perfect atmosphere. Finally, it was a place to visit for skiing and cycling. The main goal of this research was to characterize the typical, contemporary, tourist visiting Zakopane and Tatra National Park. Finding out the profile of tourists will be helpful in understanding the visitors and, at the same time, it will pave the way for offering services which those visitors expect. This will have a positive influence on the development of tourism in the region, bringing benefits for both the tourists and the local community. During the research, the following methods and tools were used: a diagnostic survey and participant observation. The research took place in Zakopane and Tatra National Park in September 2013.
4
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Udostępnianie turystyczne Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego i Parku Narodowego Berchtesgaden

88%
Prus M.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2011
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issue 1
149-169
EN
Tatra National Park is the only national park in Poland located within Alpine mountain range. Berchtesgaden National Park can be regarded as an analogous example in Germany. So far, as many as 23 national parks have been established in Poland (1% of country’s total area), and 14 national parks in Germany (0.55%). The main aim of this article is to compare the availability of both these mountainous areas for touristic activity including legal foundations, elements of touristic development, and tourist arrivals. Touristic activity in Tatra and Berchtesgaden Alps dates back to the last decade of 19th century. No permanent tourist facilities existed in both considered parks during their official establishment: in 1954 (Tatra National Park) and 1978 (Berchtesgaden National Park). Presently, chiefly the Tatra National Park grapples with very intense tourist attractiveness. Mountain hostels available to the general public exist in both parks, but they are diverse as far as their functions and elevation above the mean sea level are concerned. Other forms of tourist facilities found in both parks include: accommodation for advanced activities (available for mountaineers and cavers) and food service. Nevertheless, ski resorts operate only in Tatras. These mountains are also distinguished by roads and parking lots located within the National Park’s boundaries whereas in Berchtesgaden Alps such infrastructure is located beyond the protected area. Both parks are comparable with respect to the length of mountain trails, but not to the number of tourist information points, something more typical for Berchtesgaden National Park. Lastly, all of the considered elements of touristic development are confronted with fixed protected zones in order to detect man-made impacts upon natural resources in both parks.
5
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Variability in spectral characteristics of trampled high-mountain grasslands

75%
Kycko M., Zagajewski B., Kozłowska A.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
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2014
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vol. 18
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issue 2
10-14
EN
The goal of the paper is a presentation of field remote sensing methods for the analysis of the trampled plants of a highly protected mountain meadow ecosystem (M&B UNESCO Reserve and one of the most important Polish National Parks). The research area covers a core part of the Western Tatras - the Gąsienicowa Valley and Kasprowy Wierch summit, which are among the most visited destinations of the Polish Tatras. The research method is based on field hyperspectral measurements, using the ASD FieldSpec 3 spectrometer, on the dominant plant species of alpine swards. Sampling sites were located on trampled areas (next to trails) and reference plots, with the same species, but located more than 10 m from the trail (where the probability of trampling was very low, but the same composition of analysed plants). In each case, homogenous plots with a domination of one plant species were investigated. Based on the hyperspectral measurements, spectral characteristics as well as vegetation indices were analysed with the ANOVA statistical test. This indicated a varied resistance to trampling of the studied plant species. The analysis of vegetation indices enabled the selection of those groups which are the most useful for research into mountain vegetation condition: the broadband greenness group; the narrowband greenness group, measuring chlorophyll content and cell structure; and the canopy water content group. The results of the analyses show that vegetation of the High Tatras is characterised by optimal ranges of remote sensing indices. Only plants located nearest to the trails were in a worse condition (chlorophyll and water content was lower for the reference targets). These differences are statistically significant, but the measured values indicate a good condition of vegetation along trampled trails, within the range of optimum plant characteristics.
6
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Tourism as an aspect of the Tatra Mountains National Park’s activity

63%
Miazek P.
Warsztaty z Geografii Turyzmu
|
2017
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
PL
Tatrzański Park Narodowy prowadzi liczne działania mające na celu dostosowanie obszaru na potrzeby ruchu turystycznego tak, by nie zagrażał on środowisku, a stopień jego negatywnego oddziaływania był jak najmniejszy. Praca przedstawia sposób funkcjonowania instytucji, charakteryzuje jej działania. Omawia również problemy związane z udostępnianiem parku dla ruchu turystycznego. 
7

Mit elitarności w turystyce kwalifikowanej. Przykład Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego

63%
Mokras-Grabowska J., Tanaś S.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
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2017
|
vol. 11
317-330
EN
Qualified tourism, understood as the highest form of tourism, the most perfect kind of conscious tourism, was introduced and popularised in Poland in the 1950s by the PTTK (Polish Tourism and Sightseeing Society). Combined with a knowledge of the so-called tourism culture, pursued with passion and expertise, today it concerns a relatively small, ambitious group of active tourists having very precise interests and seeking the highest form of tourist specialisation. The considerable demands for the participants means that the term “qualified tourism” is increasingly replaced with the term “active tourism” available to a broader section of society. The phenomenon is associated with socio-economic and cultural transformations, including the postmodern commercialisation of leisure time. Forms of outdoor recreation are becoming more and more accessible, while transformations of lifestyle, amount of free time and ways of spending it influence tourists’ preferences and tourist activities. What is also significant is the fashion for active leisure created in recent years by the media. Such a “simplified”, pop-cultural approach to active tourism contributes to reckless and irresponsible behaviours of tourists, as is perfectly illustrated by what happens in the Tatra National Park. Despite the fact that it is a fairly small part for European standards, it is one of the “busiest” in terms of tourist traffic. In its highest season (July and August) its visitors include both conscious tourists appropriately prepared for mountain hiking (including qualified tourists) and “casual” tourists, motivated mainly by their unreflecting need to “do” the most popular sites in Poland’s highest mountains. The authors of the article discuss the specificity of qualified tourism and refer to examples of hikers visiting the Tatra National Park in the highest summer season. They demonstrate the elitist nature of the principles of qualified tourism and thus refer to the practice, i.e. behaviour of tourists. In this they point to the lack of boundaries in the exploration of Poland’s highest mountains as well as their demystification.
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