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1

In the Circle of the Tragic: The Book of Job. A Fragment of a Greater Fragment

100%
Tyszczyk A.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
|
2018
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vol. 66
|
issue 1: Literatura polska - Selected Papers in English
151-187
EN
The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 57 (2009), issue 1 Job’s drama that is equally a drama of existence and a drama of faith reveals the dimension that is in fact rarely seen in Greek tragedy, namely the transcendental tragic dimension. The identity tensions between the image of God whom Job accuses of cruelty and the image of the “defender in high” (go’el) mentioned by Job, one who would take the side of his suffering, at the same time testifying to the fact that Job was not guilty, opens the possibility of transformations blending the different images into a figure of transcendental tragic quality—based on a figure similar to the Greek figure of a tragic transfer—in which God, as the ultimate source of everything, including unjust misery, not only takes the side of human suffering but also experiences the suffering himself, revealing the analogy and then the interpretative identity of levels of human and divine experience of the tragic. The Book of Job is only the necessary starting point for the possible transformation of the image of God introducing a split of the image of God (the motif of go’el) in the book protagonist's complaint and deconstructing the category of “just retaliation.” The conditions that make transformation possible can be found in The Book of Isaiah, especially in the image of “The Lord’s Servant” and in Messianic interpretations of this picture closely connected with the phrase: “It was the Lord’s will to crush him with pain” (Is 53:10).
2
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Duch udzielony mesjaszowi w Księdze Izajasza

75%
Szmajdziński M.
Verbum Vitae
|
2020
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vol. 37
|
issue 1
49-68
EN
The noun rûaḥ (“a spirit”, as well as “breath, wind”) is one of the most important theological terms in the OT, especially as it occurs in the sense of “spirit”. As such, rûaḥ always remains within the power of God and depends on Him. Being God’s spirit, it “supervises” over all creatures, renews everything, restores to life, and after a person's death it returns to the God who gave Him. The noun rûaḥ occurs 51 times in the Book of Isaiah and it plays a very important role in the oracles that announce and reveal the messiah: Isaiah 11:1-3a, 42:1, and 61,1. The spirit is given to him as God’s power to perform important tasks. God gives His spirit permanently. The spirit creates a special relationship between God and the messiah, which is expressed in titles such as “my servant” or “my chosen one”. His mission is aimed primarily at the poor and the sick. Its result is a change in their situation, by the enacting of righteousness and justice. The messiah’s activity crosses Israel’s borders and will be directed to all nations. In this way the pagans will be enlightened with God’s light and will participate in His covenant. It is within this domain of meaning that the messianic oracles from the Book of Isaiah are conveyed into the New Testament (Matthews 12:18-20; Luke 4:18-19).
PL
Rzeczownik rûaḥ („duch”, a także „oddech, wiatr”) jest jednym z ważniejszych terminów teologicznych w Starym Testamencie, zwłaszcza gdy występuje w znaczeniu „duch”. Wówczas rûaḥ pozostaje zawsze w mocy Boga i jest zależny od Niego. Jako duch Boży „czuwa” on nad stworzeniem, odnawia wszystko, przywraca do życia, a po śmierci człowieka wraca do Boga, który go dał. W Księdze Izajasza rzeczownik rûaḥ występuje 51 razy. Bardzo ważną rolę odgrywa w wyroczniach, które zapowiadają i ukazują mesjasza: Iz 11,1-3a, 42,1 i 61,1. Duch jest mu udzielony jako moc Boża do wypełnienia ważnych zadań. Bóg udziela ducha w sposób trwały. Dzięki duchowi tworzy się szczególna relacja pomiędzy Bogiem a mesjaszem, która jest wyrażona takimi tytułami jak „mój sługa” lub „mój wybrany”. Jego misja jest skierowana przede wszystkim do ubogich i chorych. Jej skutkiem będzie zmiana ich sytuacji przez ustanowienie prawa i sprawiedliwości. Działalność mesjasza przekroczy granice Izraela i zostanie skierowana do wszystkich narodów. Dzięki niemu poganie będą oświeceni Bożym światłem i będą uczestniczyli w przymierzu. W takim znaczeniu wyrocznie mesjańskie z Księgi Izajasza występują w Nowym Testamencie (Mt 12,18-20; Łk 4,18-19).
3

Rosa ożywiająca zmarłych (Iz 26,19) – próba lektury kontekstualnej

51%
Pikor W.
Roczniki Biblijne
|
2009
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vol. 1(56)
89-101
EN
The author seeks to read the message of Is 26:19 through its context. First it is the literary context determined by the proposition of the oracles in Is 24-27. In their light one should seeks the identities of those who will be enlivened by „a dew of light”. Then it is the histori¬cal context that should be found in the experiences of the exiles who return from the Babylo¬nian captivity, and who tend tó reconstruct their national community. This context sheds light on the eschatological problems of this prophecy. Through the image of carnal resurrection it shows the just who come back to life.
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