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EN
The booming industry was one of the basic factors of the modernisation in nineteenth century. Technological innovativeness was a driving force in the development of the liberal economy, especially in metalworking industry, textiles and mining. The industry substantially infl uenced the development of the cities, where the industrial plants were established. This period saw an increase in the population of the cities due to contract work, which enabled people to earn their living. The industrial revolution changed the structure of the employment in the economy of England, France, Belgium and other countries of Western Europe. Besides economic sphere, it infl uenced social circumstances, the politics and culture. In Austria, this process was less impetuous. The Habsburg Monarchy was the country where the industrialisation processes did not happen on a large scale or cause major transfi gurations in economic relations. Until the end of the multinational monarchy, the Austrian economy preserved the agrarian character, although the modernisation of the economic structures was developing in nineteenth century.
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Galicja – twórcza inspiracja Józefa Rotha

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EN
In his article „Galicia – Joseph Roth’s Creative Inspiration” the author stresses the influence of his childhood and young age on his work. It is multicultural Galicia which was the inspiration, particularly the Jewish culture and multinationality of the Habsburg Monarchy. The author distinguishes three periods in Roth’s life – love of Galicia, escape from it and coming back to his love. The role of family Brody is especially stressed – this place carries throughout his masterpieces. The author exposes Polish elements in Roth’s work and his friendships and contacts with other Polish writers like Józef Wittlin, Bruno Schultz and Julian Tuwim. The author discovers the everlasting truth – to find oneself an realize one’s life’s goals both the feeling of alienation and sense of one’s fatherland is important.
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