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Apparebit repentina dies: Hindemith’s musical panorama of Judgment Day

100%
Bruhn S.
Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology
|
2015
|
issue 14
34-47
PL
In 1947, while teaching at Yale University, the German composer Paul Hindemith (1895-1963) wrote a composition for mixed chorus and brass ensemble based on an anonymous Latin hymn believed to date from the 8th century or before. This text, which he had discovered in The Oxford Book of Medieval Latin Verse, tells in a poetic rewording of New T estament passages of the events to be expected on Judgment Day. Below a deceptively simple surface with regular trochaic tetrameters organized in 23 couplets that are launched by the consecutive letters of the alphabet, the hymn hides various dramatic perspectives. These include a narrator announcing what is to come and later describing what he witnesses in a vision, direct-speech dialogues between Christ as the Judge of the World and the two groups of the chosen and the damned, and a concluding moral admonishment addressed by the pious author to his contemporary listeners or latter-day readers. As the analysis of the musical structure and texture, meter and rhythm, thematic material and tonal organization shows, Hindemith achieves a semiotic rendering of these aspects and many finer nuances. Just as the medieval text ostensibly uses only one mode throughout without depriving the message of any of its colorful expressiveness, so Hindemith’s music uses only one constellation of sound colors - choral singing against or in alternation with ten brass instruments - to bring the multifaceted scene to life. This music is both text setting and scenic painting, replete with refined allusions as well as onomatopoeic depiction, weaving a web of signification with which the composer at once heightens and deepens the early poet’s message.
2
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„Me dece ut dicam signorum nunc feritatem”. Proroctwa końca świata w późnośredniowiecznym przekazie. Dialog z tradycją

72%
Janus K.
Język. Religia. Tożsamość
|
2018
|
issue 2(18)2018
199-214
PL
Studium zawiera przekład wydanego ca 1505 roku hymnu średniowiecznego, w którym anonimowy autor sięga do popularnej w późnym średniowieczu legendy o piętnastu znakach poprzedzających Sąd Ostateczny. Utwór z całą pewnością po raz pierwszy „przemówił” po polsku. W tłumaczeniu zwrócono uwagę na wierność zarówno w zakresie treści, jak i formy wiersza. Interpretacja została oparta na wskazaniu możliwie najszerszej płaszczyzny intertekstualnej oraz na objaśnieniu kontekstów teologicznych i kulturowych. Zwrócono uwagę na obecność tych samych apokryficznych wątków w polskiej literaturze dawnej. Prezentowane w niniejszym szkicu teksty aktualizujące tematykę eschatologiczną wpisują się w dyskurs tożsamości religijnej.
EN
The paper presents one of the anonymous medieval hymns, in which the End of the World is emphasized. In the late Middle Ages it was an accepted belief that the end of the world would be announced by fifteen cosmic signs: The sea will rise above the mountains; it will then subside and sink into the depths of the earth; sea monsters will appear and make frightening sounds;the sea and all the rivers will burn; trees and plants will produce a blood sweat; all the buildings on earth will crumble; stones will collide and break against each other; the earth will shake; mountains will be leveled to the ground.; the living who have hidden themselves in underground shelters will rush out; the earth will vomit up the dead and their bones will come out of their tombs; the stars will fall from the heavens and the beasts will have nothing to eat; all that is living on earth will die; fire will burn sky and earth; the dead will rise to be judged by God. There is a description of these sings in the many sources: Old Testament Apokrypha, De Civitate Dei of St. Augustine, Crisias of Verecundus da Iunca, The Golden Legend written by Jacobus de Voragine and others . The author of the presented hymn makes a dialogue with the tradition and introduces the own motifs.We can also find similar description in the works of old‑Polish authors: Baltazar Opec and Stanisław Słowakowic. In the Polish translation of the hymn special attention is paid to the fidelity in relation to the original version, in respect of such literary skills as a rhyme and a metrical frame.
3

Katecheza o Sądzie Ostatecznym na fresku z Sant' Agata dei Goti

72%
Mąkosa P.
Roczniki Teologiczne
|
2019
|
vol. 66
|
issue 11: Katechetyka
99-110
EN
Iconography stands out among the various forms of medieval catechesis. It illustrated the basic truths of the faith and encouraged people to live in accord with this teaching. One of the popular iconographic themes from this period was the Last Judgment. It was usually placed on the back wall of a church in order to remind people leaving the church of their final fate. Eschatological issues have always enjoyed great popularity because they personally relate to every man. In addition to the faithful's interest in eschatological contents, the reason for the creation of Last Judgment iconography was its visual form, accessible to everyone, even the least educated. One of these types of works is the fresco located in the city of Sant'Agata dei Goti in Italy, which is the subject of our analysis in this study. The main contents of the fresco and their form are discussed. The theological significance of individual iconographic elements and their compliance with the official teachings of the Church are pointed out. Summing up the analysis of the fresco, it can be stated that it was an important type of catechesis at that time, theologically correct and having significant pedagogical meaning.
PL
Wśród różnych form katechezy średniowiecznej wyróżnia się ikonografia, która ilustrowała podstawowe prawdy wiary i zachęcała do życia zgodnego z tym nauczaniem. Jednym z popularnych tematów ikonograficznych tego okresu był Sąd Ostateczny umieszczany zazwyczaj na tylnej ścianie kościołów po to, aby przypominać wychodzącym z kościoła ludziom o ich ostatecznym losie. Kwestie eschatologiczne cieszyły się zawsze dużą popularnością, bowiem dotyczą osobiście każdego człowieka. Oprócz zainteresowania wiernych treściami eschatologicznymi powodem powstawania przedstawień Sądu Ostatecznego była ich forma wizualna, dostępna dla każdego, nawet dla najsłabiej wykształconych. Jednym z tego typu dzieł jest fresk znajdujący się w miejscowości Sant'Agata dei Goti we Włoszech, który jest przedmiotem analizy w niniejszym opracowaniu. Omówione zostały główne treści przedstawione na fresku i ich forma. Wskazano na teologiczne znaczenie poszczególnych elementów ikonograficznych i ich zgodność z oficjalnym nauczaniem Kościoła. Podsumowując analizę fresku można stwierdzić, że stanowi on ważną formę ówczesnej katechezy, poprawnej teologicznie i mającej duże znaczenie pedagogiczne.
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