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EN
The article contains a „portrait” of the former Józef Mianowski Fund. It is presented in chronological order, but also takes into account the problematic division and the dependence of the Fund’s fate on the course of historical events. It was a social institution of scientific patronage, established in the period of the enslavement of Polish lands by the partitioning powers, operating in the realities of the Second Polish Republic and in the post-war period of „building the foundations of socialism”. Despite its social nature, the activities of the Mianowski Fund were blocked and then liquidated by the communist authorities. The achievements of the Fund have always been appreciated by the Polish academic community.
PL
Artykuł zawiera opracowany źródłowo „portret” dawnej Kasy imienia Józefa Mianowskiego. Ujęty jest w porządku chronologicznym, ale uwzględnia też podział problemowy oraz uzależnienie losów Kasy od biegu zdarzeń historycznych. Była to instytucja społeczna mecenatu naukowego, powstała w okresie zniewolenia ziem polskich przez zaborców, działająca w realiach II Rzeczypospolitej i w okresie powojennej „budowy podstaw socjalizmu”. Mimo społecznego charakteru, działalność Kasy Mianowskiego została zablokowana, a następnie zlikwidowana przez władze komunistyczne. Dorobek Kasy zawsze doceniało polskie środowisko akademickie.
EN
The aim of the article is to present more important issues related to the course of activities in the field of science of Professor Janusz Lipkowski, physicochemist, real member of the Polish Academy of Sciences, president of the Warsaw Scientific Society 2007–2020, and vice-president of the Polish Academy of Sciences in the years 2003–2006. The study is autobiographical in nature and is part of a work that will be published in 2022 in the series Fontes rerum ad historiam scientiae spectantium of the Institute of the History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie ważniejszych zagadnień związanych z przebiegiem działalności w sferze nauki profesora Janusza Lipkowskiego, fizykochemika, członka rzeczywistego Polskiej Akademii Nauk, prezesa Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego 2007–2020, a w latach 2003–2006 wiceprezesa PAN. Opracowanie ma charakter autobiograficzny i stanowi fragment pracy, która opublikowana zostanie w 2022 r. w serii Fontes rerum ad historiam scientiae spectantium Instytutu Historii Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauk.
EN
The State Zoological Museum, established in 1928, inherited and developed the legacy of the Zoological Cabinet of the University of Warsaw (existing since 1818). The Cabinet’s collection had been gathered for decades and belonged to eminent personages not only in Poland but also in Europe. The Museum and its collections were threatened many times: first by a great fire in 1935, then by the German attack on Warsaw in 1939 and subsequent occupation, as well as by the outbreak of the Warsaw Uprising and the destruction of the city. After the post-war reconstruction of the Museum, it was time to function in a new political reality, in which the most significant change for this institution was the establishment of the Polish Academy of Sciences. A planned inclusion of the State Zoological Museum in the structures of the newly-founded Polish Academy of Sciences meant that the scientists had to face a dilemma: in exchange for research funds and career development opportunities, they were expected to show favour to the communists and readiness to implement the idea of socialism. In the background of this process, numerous scientific conferences took place, where controversial visions of the future of biological sciences clashed. This process resulted in the transformation of the State Zoological Museum into the Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
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