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Dole i niedole cesarza Trajana

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Wieki Stare i Nowe
|
2018
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vol. 13
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issue 18
249-258
PL
Recenzja opublikowanej w 2017 roku przez wydawnictwo Napoleon V z Oświęcimia polskiego tłumaczenia pracy brytyjskiego archeologa Juliana Bennetta pt. "Trajan, Optimus Princeps. Życie i czasy". Autorami przekładu są Michał Norbert Faszcza, będący zarazem redaktorem naukowym wydania, oraz Michał Baranowski.
The Biblical Annals
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2015
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vol. 5
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issue 2
447-448
EN
Book review: William Horbury, Jewish War under Trajan and Hadrian (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014). Pp. 501 + X. 4 maps. $110. ISBN 978-0-521-62296-7 (Hardcover).
EN
This paper explores the reasons why ἡ Τοπειριτῶν πόλις obtained the Trajanic nomen gentilicium Οὐλπία in its title. The question arises since it appears on the municipal coin series minted for Topeiros at a particular moment in time, specifically in 212 AD. This coincides with an imperial visit which Caracalla and his mother Julia Domna paid in the city. The author argues that by using such propaganda gimmick, the local authority sought to attract the emperor’s attention to the privileges and most probably territorial extension granted byTrajan but later delayed by Hadrian. The lands in question had originally belonged to the neighboring city of Abdera. It appears that the town leaders of Topeiros succeeded, since an in scription dated to the reign of Maximinus Thrax (235-238) shows a vast extension of the municipality’s landhold eastwards.
EN
There is no doubt that after Augustus, Trajan should be credited with being the most active in the area of urban development. The territories on the Danube, especially the central and lower reaches of the river as well as its hinterland (province Thracia) represent a case of its own among Trajan’s undertakings, which should be associated with the Dacian wars  (101-106). The latter brought about tremendous changes in the social-economic and administrative arrangements in the region, Settle­ment policy and the urbanization schemes it necessarily entailed played the foremost role in that respect. As many as eighteen towns were established on Trajan’s initiative; these included coloniae which developed in the former locations of legionary camps (Poetovio, Ratiaria, Oescus, Sarmizegetusa), municipia (Ulpianum, Tropaeum Traiani),  poleis built from scratch (Nicopolis ad Istrum, Marcianopolis, Nikopolis ad Nestum), or earlier Thracian settlements elevated to municipal status (Augusta Traiana, Ulpia Serdica, Plotinopolis, Traianopolis, Ulpia Pautalia, Ulpia Topeiros, Ulpia Bizye). Indisputably,  “under Trajan’s rule, the lands on the Danube (including the interior) became the focus of comprehensive and consistent Roman urbanization policy, to an extent unknown since the times of Augustus” (K. Christ). To all intents and purposes, Trajan pursued a clearly formulated, cohesive plan aimed at creating an efficient system of administration in the Central and Lower Danube region. Apart from the institutions of Roman rule, it was to rely on municipal self-governments. Another objective was to develop an efficacious infrastructural hinterland for the troops stationed in the Danubian provinces along the line of the river and to the north of it (Dacia), thus ensuring a base for Roman activities on the western and northern coast of the Black Sea.
PL
The victory in the war with Dacians set off a number of major administrative and administrative reforms conducted by Trajan in the Danubian provinces. Some of the vital elements of the reforms included veteran settlement and establishment of numerous towns – coloniae and municipia. As many as eighteen were thus established in the region during Trajan’s reign.
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