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EN
Zbigniew Brzeziński was one of the leading figures influencing the creation of international reality. His concepts, ideas, ideas are widely echoed not only in the United States but all over the world. From an early age, this American political scientist of Polish origin showed interest in international relations, the best example of which is the letter he sent at a very young age to Winston Churchill’s headquarters with a map, where he marked the right border between Poland and the Soviet Union. It was an expression of dissatisfaction with the arrangements made at the Tehran conference. The spectrum of interests of this great strategist is very wide. However, he devoted most of his attention to what was happening in the Kremlin. He was actively involved in the foreign policy of the United States, on which he had a great influence, especially during the presidency of Jimmy Carter. In his administration, he was the president’s advisor for national security. He was a supporter of a tough course in international relations, which is why he was perceived as a „hawk”. The levels of Zbigniew Brzeziński’s dynamically developing scientific and political career, I prove that he is both a theoretician, practitioner and politician actively involved in various areas of international politics. Among the numerous events influencing the development of Brzeziński’s political career, he was undoubtedly appointed in 1973 by David Rockeffeller as the head of the Trilateral Commission, where he met Carter, as it later turned out, the president of the United States, in whose election campaign he was heavily involved.
EN
The article looks at the status of Tripartite Commission for Social and Economic Affairs (henceforth: Tripartite Commission) which plays an important role in social dialogue, as well as relations between business and government in Poland. First, the author describes the current legal status of Tripartite Commission, its members and scope of its activities. Next, he reflects on some aspects of norm collisions related to the Commission’s works.
EN
This article presents the results of the work of the Tripartite Commission for Socio-Economic Affairs (TC) in 2001–2015. To show the effectiveness of the TC’s work, the author’s adaptation of the associational participation scale (Tálos, Kittel 2001) was employed. The result was categorisation of the effects achieved by the TC within social dialogue and a periodisation of the TC’s activity in the research period, which quantitatively confirmed the results reported by other researchers. The article concludes with a discussion about the potential use of results in order to formulate expectations about the future effectiveness of the new tripartite body in Poland (the Social Dialogue Council) and elaborate a framework for comparing the effectiveness of tripartite bodies worldwide.
PL
Autor prezentuje podsumowanie rozwoju europejskiego dialogu społecznego po II wojnie światowej, zaczynając od lat 60-tych. Pokazuje główne trendy w rozwoju tego dialogu, z jednej strony w krajach starej Unii Europejskiej, a z drugiej strony w krajach postkomunistycznych. W szczególności koncentruje się na rozwoju dialogu społecznego w III Rzeczpospolitej. Autor dzieli proces tego rozwoju na kilka okresów. Pierwszy okres obejmuje lata do 2001 r. W tym czasie podstawową trudnością we wdrażaniu dialogu społecznego była słabość związków zawodowych i dominacja rządu nad partnerami społecznymi. Instytucja dialogu społecznego została w Polsce ukształtowana dopiero w rezultacie fali strajków spowodowanych obawą przed prywatyzacją i skutkowała powołaniem Trójstronnej Komisji. Po 2001 r. i przyjęciu ustawy o Trójstronnej Komisji do Spraw Społeczno-Gospodarczych i wojewódzkich komisjach dialogu społecznego dostęp do Trójstronnej Komisji uzyskały organizacje pracodawców oraz kolejne związki zawodowe. Niezależnie od tego polskie związki zawodowe mają ciągle ograniczoną zdolność mobilizowania klasy robotniczej i nadal są podatne na wpływy polityczne. Patrząc na funkcje Trójstronnej Komisji i dialogu społecznego, nie ma wśród nich dążenia do ujednolicenia interesów i osiągania ważnych celów socjalnych.
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