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HISTORY OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE IN DIARIES AND LETTER OF V.I.VERNADSKY

100%

Onopriyenko V.

Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)

2008

issue 4

19-31

V.Vernadsky assigned a great importance to his 'genetic links' with Ukraine, being concerned with Ukrainian history, culture, his family genealogy. He believed organization of the Ukrainian Academy to be his most successful affair. A vast stock of his epistolary heritage, including his diaries, represents a valuable source on the history of the Ukrainian science, including the Ukrainian Academy. Now this stock can be better accessed thanks to the project 'Library of Works of Academician V.I.Vernadsky', fulfilled in the Russian Academy of Sciences in 90s. However, large stocks of materials remain unpublished. The article contains passages from Vernadsky's letters showing Vernadsky's judgments of scientists who were earliest members of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAN), and of others who communicated with him during his stay in Kiev. As seen from Vernadsky's writings, the main criterion of his judgment was one's implemented research potential, although organizational qualities were not disregarded as well. The examples of Vernadsky's opinions on K.Timiryazev - distinguished Russian biologist, M.Grushevsky - outstanding Ukrainian historian, and on other Ukrainian scientists engaged in establishing the UAN confirm that his judgments tended to be rigid but objective. Also, Vernadsky's opposition is shown to political speculation and partiality, emotionality and national ambitiousness of certain Ukrainian scientists representing the earliest generation of the Ukrainian academy science.

APPLIED AND TECHNICAL FIELDS IN THE NAS OF UKRAINE: GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF THE DISCIPLINARY STATUS (Prykladni i tekhnichni haluzi v NAN Ukrayiny: geneza ta evolyutsiya dystsiplinarnoho statusu)

80%

Onopriyenko M. V.

Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)

2009

issue 4

30-42

The history, the role, the place, the specific status and methodologies of applied and technical sciences at the Ukrainian Academy is subject of analysis. It is shown by use of rich retrospective information about selected institutes of the Academy, having applied or technical profile, that applied and technical research used to have significance in the Academy during its 90 years long history. The initial stage in building up the applied and technical segment dates from the proposal of V.Vernadsky (the founder of the Ukrainian Academy) to the Commission on establishment of the Academy on organization (within the Academy) of a special class of 'applied natural science', which had not been the case with the other academies. The next stage dates from 30s of the past century, when the Soviet power streamlined the Academy science effort on 'industrialization', and since this period the share of applied research was continually growing. The new stage in the development of applied and technical fields in the Academy began in 1962, with the election of B.Paton as its President, who launched the reform in the Academy, aimed at withdrawal of the institutes incapable to conduct basic research which, he believed, was the main mission of the Academy. The restructuring of the Academy ended in 1965. The next stage corresponded to 1965-1985, being marked by rapidly growing technological capacities of the Academy. The status of applied and technical research at the Academy was radically changed in 60-70s, as a result of the intensive growth in their theoretic component which was laid in the basis of the mass-scale 'introduction' of scientific innovations that became a distinguished feature of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. Science of the post-Soviet period, however, still follows the profile of the industrialist era, being overburdened with technical sciences and having underdeveloped medical, biological, social and humanities fields.

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2 Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)

1 Onopriyenko M. V.

1 Onopriyenko V.

1 2009

1 2008

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HISTORY OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE IN DIARIES AND LETTER OF V.I.VERNADSKY

APPLIED AND TECHNICAL FIELDS IN THE NAS OF UKRAINE: GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF THE DISCIPLINARY STATUS (Prykladni i tekhnichni haluzi v NAN Ukrayiny: geneza ta evolyutsiya dystsiplinarnoho statusu)