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EN
This study deals with the issue of communities in sociology, focusing on spatial communities. It attempts to describe the concept of community in time. It shows its presence throughout most of the history of sociological thinking and its connections to various paradigms in sociology. It points to a recurring emergence of theories in which community has not been utilised merely as an analytical concept but has been treated as a social entity within the social reality. The study identifies the most influential theoretical frameworks (typological, ecological, and systemic approach) and it highlights their basic characteristics.
EN
The aim of the article is to discuss potential consequences of aging process of the population of Silesia. The text highlights certain theoretical problems of old age sociology associated with this issue and suggests areas of research in this field. The author analyzes the process of demographic aging on a mesostructural level. At the beginning of the text local conditions of the isolation and social integration of elderly people in the light of sociological theory and research accentuated in gerontological literature are emphasized. Potential problems of territorial (local) communities undergoing the process of demographic aging are discussed and illustrated by exposing demographic prognoses showing the dynamics of aging in Poland and in the region, analyzing the thesis of degradation of big city settlements that has been put forth by urban sociologists, and discussing the research and press articles on the lives of elderly inhabitants of such settlements. Problems such as the rise of old age enclaves, the potential risk of the formation of old age ghetto's in aging housing environments, tribalism and the knottiness of the social capital of small, traditional communities gathering seniors in Upper Silesia are examined. The last part of the article, which addresses the issues of the social integration of elderly people in our region, shows the complexity of the social integration of this social category. The key issues are generational identity and the intergenerational transmission of cultural heritage and regional history.
EN
Upper Silesia is becoming an industrial region highly influenced by the spatial organization of urban areas. The strongest connection between industry and everyday life is retained in old labour districts, such as Nikiszowiec - the former mining settlement in Katowice. The houses ('Familoki') were built of specific red bricks in those labour districts. Their inner layout was standardized and based on the suite of rooms with a huge kitchen - the place, where the whole family's life was centred. Furthermore, another type of settlements was found in conurbation of Upper Silesia - the latter ones, built after Second World War as multi-dwelling housing estates. One of them is Tychy, the largest of the so-called 'new towns' in Poland, designed as housing background for native and immigrant labour population.
EN
The study covers one of the key aspects of Erdei's social strata analysis, that is, the characteristics of the farm-like market towns in the Great Plains. Erdei saw the 'third way' as the only alternative for successful social development of peasantry stepping out from a closed world of community existence. The study points out that Erdei's interpretation is seen rather burdened with an ideological approach. Although the author was been known as the most outstanding scholar of market-town social development (and his work on Hungarian towns may well be considered a standard for town sociology), in certain cases Erdei's typical program action and its value orientation interwoven with his ideological approach also shape the aspects of his book, therefore his strata analysis becomes indefensible. The study also touches upon the fact that the precedents for the concept of the double structure can be observed in his earlier works already in the 1930's, although his ideas had not yet been characterized with his latter approach of double structure. In his approach, Erdei divided the examined society in two possible social strata, as the only preferable social development, and its all possible anti-poles.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2013
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vol. 45
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issue 3
267 – 289
EN
This article aims at finding a theoretical and empirical explanation for the particular housing privatisation approach applied in the Czech Republic. The explanation pays special attention to inequalities in owner-occupied housing accessibility created by housing privatisation. In order to explain the process of housing privatisation, the article discusses theories of social change (transition, transformation and path dependence). The following qualitative empirical analysis of alternative theoretical explanations consists of thirteen semi-structured interviews with politicians, state officials, municipal experts and local citizen movements. In addition, the data from the interviews is commented with the use of the data from public opinion about housing policy. In the conclusion, the author critically evaluates the usefulness of presented theories (especially path dependence) and states that the privatisation process should be explained as a transformation rather than a transition, with a specific role played by ideology. The analysis led to a conclusion that the consequences were unseen given the “ad-hoc” feature of policy decisions.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2020
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vol. 52
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issue 3
245 – 272
EN
Electoral geographical research into urban territories shows a distinction in voting behaviour between a city centre and its surroundings. A recent exploratory study of the electoral geography of Prague found that distance from the city centre was the variable that best explained the spatial variation of votes, which might follow a concentric pattern and, thus, it recommended seeking a theoretical explanation in urban sociology, e.g. in the Burgess model of the city. Following this recommendation, I compared spatial patterns of voting behaviour in two cities – Warsaw and Prague. Using component analysis, I reduced the number of analysed variables to one for each city representing the main spatial polarisation. In Prague, voting behaviour showed a distinction between the city centre, inner suburbs and outer suburbs. While the city centre and the outer suburbs were conservative, the inner suburbs tended to vote for the left. This partially follows the Burgess model. On the other hand, the electoral geography of Warsaw showed a different structure. In this article I present a way of visualising urban electoral data in maps that avoid distortion caused by varying polygon size.
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