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UNIWERSYTET III WIEKU. WYZWANIE I SZANSA DLA MUZEUM

100%
PL
W Polsce pierwszy uniwersytet trzeciego wieku powstał w 1975 r. i od tego czasu jest to bardzo dynamicznie rozwijająca się idea. Rok 2012 został ogłoszony Rokiem Uniwersytetów Trzeciego Wieku przez Senat RP, co świadczy o dużym znaczeniu tego typu instytucji. Słuchacze uniwersytetów trzeciego wieku są grupą szczególnie zainteresowaną oferta przygotowaną przez muzea. Obecnie 155 muzeów posiada program skierowany do tej grupy odbiorców. Liczba ta powinna być wyższa, a sama oferta bardziej różnorodna. Poza wykładami i zwiedzaniem istnieje duża potrzeba bardziej angażujących zajęć, które mogą wykorzystywać metody i pomysły stosowane przez edukację muzealną. Istnieją duże możliwości współpracy pomiędzy muzeum i uniwersytetem trzeciego wieku. Korzyści z takiego współdziałania mogą być obustronne dla dobra słuchaczy uniwersytetów będących też potencjalną publicznością muzealną
EN
The first University of the Third Age in Poland was established in 1975, and from that date the concept has been developing dynamically. The Senate of the Republic of Po-land announced 2012 to be the Year of Universities of the Third Age, confirming the prominent significance of these institutions. University of the Third Age students are particularly interested in offers suggested by museums. At present, 155 museums provide programs addressed to this group of recipients. This number should be even larger, and the offer - more diversified. Apart from lectures and tours there also exists the need for undertakings demanding even more involvement and making use of the methods and ideas employed by museum education. There are great chances for cooperation between museums and the University of the Third Age. The benefits of this collaboration could prove conducive for the students - potential members of the museum public.
EN
Permanent education, sometimes also called continuing education, is a constant process of acquiring knowledge, raising one’s qualifications and raising the level of education, etc. Thanks to it, people can maintain mental alertness at all ages. Universities of the Third Age are one example of the functioning of this phenomenon in the contemporary world. Such universities invite elderly people who want to spend their free time effectively to take part in their lectures.
EN
The article discusses the adult and old people learning opportunities for Lithuania. Adult education is one of the most important factors that determine both the development of the society and the human achievements in modern society. Education is a social practice which includes education and cultural communication in the broadest sense, as well as actions of human reproduction at large. Access to adult education should ensure the justice in the society, although scientists argue that education system is usually powerless to correct other social systems created by inequality and in justice Accessible and quality adult education system ensures better life, social mobility, and provides status. Accessibility of education (particularly adult’s) is unconsciously problem, unequally understandable phenomenon, rarely becoming the object of special investigation. This can be logical: usage of this concept gained a wider scope only in last years, when essential European political educational documents appeared, first of all, Memorandum of life-long learning. In long-life learning ensuring strategy, the analysis of present state is provided. A potential of informal adults education suppliers when integrating groups of social exclusion, consolidating local communities by raising political and civil literacy of society, what is directly related to common welfare of society, are not fully used. Seeking to increase the integration of socially vulnerable society groups, juridical base is constantly improved in recent years. The law of disabled people social integration and the law of social companies are enacted, interinstitutional programs, reflecting the needs of different social separation groups, making assumptions to develop the initiatives directed to education of social separation groups are implemented.
EN
This paper presents results of studies on lifelong learning of elderly people within the framework of the University of the Third Age. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the forms and methods employed, as well as the effects of such institutions of lifelong education in the context of the aging process. The research took the form of a case study of the University of the Third Age affiliated with Wrocław University of Economics. The institution under study offers a wide range of physical, mental and social activities for the eld- erly. Knowledge from assorted disciplines, practice of various skills and physical activities, pursuit of individual interests and social development allow the elderly to fully utilize their potential for lifelong growth. At the same time, an average participant of lifelong learning displays a wide range of positive attitudes, personal traits and behaviours supplementing and enhancing the process of active aging.
EN
Later-life learning continues to remain well under the radar as far as feminist theorising and empirical research are concerned. This exclusion is surprising considering that older women make up the majority of learners in later-life learning programmes. This essay has three objectives: to present the available knowledge on older women and learning given that this information remains undocumented; to apply a feminist critique to the mainstream literature on older adult learning, with a special reference to the University of the Third Age (U3A) and Women’s Institutes (WI); and to promote an understanding of the similarities and diversities of older women by highlighting the significance of socially diverse factors such as class, ethnicity, and age in shaping their learning experiences or lack thereof. In an ageing society, organisations such as U3As and WIs have the potential to improve the quality of life of older women and the overall community in which they live. However, their role in enabling older women to attain some level of critical consciousness by leading them to reflect on everyday realities and analyse the relationships between personal contexts and the wider social forces of marginalisation was found to be marginal at best.
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2012
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vol. 11
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issue 1
EN
Science dealing with the education of the elderly is geragogics, which studies pedagogical determinants and the effects of aging. Scientific reflection of geragogues could lead to the development of effective educational programs targeted to seniors, and to identify priorities for such activities. These are mainly actions maintained psychophysical, intellectual and social seniors activity, help in adapting to the new situation which is old age, as well as assistance in the process of self-improvement and self-knowledge. The process of seniors’ institutionaleducation in the world began in the 70. XX with the creation the first University of the Third Age in France. Currently, such institutions operate in all countries facing process of population aging. In Poland first such institution was established in 1975 in Warsaw. Currently in Poland there are 315 UTA. The main UTA’s goal is to provide conditions for seniors’ active aging, combined with knowledge of processes taking place in their life, as well as creating conditions for deepening their knowledge and maintain social relationships with peers. Realization of these goals are foster by UTA’s activities, taking various forms: from lectures, such as workshops, classes to recreation and tourism. Such diversity has influenced on harmonious development of senior body and soul.
EN
The major research problem is the comparative study of circumstances of elderly people’s educational activity in Poland and Spain. The object of the research is to pay attention to the issues regarding to educational needs, opportunities for education and developing the cognitive processes in elderly people as well as the methods of organisation of institutions involved into this area of activity. The objective of this article is to at least attempt to present institutional measures offered by the said countries relating to this age group, especially with regard to the support of their cognitive development and the idea of lifelong learning. One of the article’s elements is showing the good practice regarding to these problems, which are well worth being paid attention to and being established in the Polish educational practice toward elderly people.
Rocznik Lubuski
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2020
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vol. 46
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issue 1
121-134
PL
Wzrost liczby osób w starszym wieku powoduje konieczność zwrócenia większej uwagi na określone potrzeby starszego pokolenia, wśród którego potrzeby edukacyjne również odgrywają znaczącą rolę. Edukacja w okresie późnej dorosłości prognozuje szczęśliwe starzenie, jest czynnikiem tworzącym jakość życia, profilaktyką i rehabilitacją gerontologiczną. Jej prawdziwym celem jest włączanie starszych ludzi do systemu edukacyjnego oferującego możliwość uczenia się przez całe życie. System taki rozumiany jest jako wielowymiarowy proces nadający sens życiu w kontekście zmian cywilizacyjnych, społecznych i kulturowych. Pomaga on również zrozumieć życie w zmieniającej się rzeczywistości i przystosować do zmian. Doświadczenia edukacyjne starszych ludzi rozwinęły się w oparciu o programy edukacyjne dla dorosłych, które z biegiem lat były systematycznie modyfikowane i przystosowywane zgodnie z potrzebami odbiorców. Otwarty system edukacyjny i tendencja tworzenia miejsc integracyjnych dla seniorów (w szczególności klubów seniora i uniwersytetów trzeciego wieku) są oznaką, że cywilizowane społeczeństwa dbają o dobrą kondycję psychofizyczną i dobrą jakość życia najstarszego pokolenia. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie historii tworzenia i funkcjonowania uniwersytetów trzeciego wieku w Polsce i Słowacji oraz korzyści jakie edukacja wnosi w życie osób starszych.
EN
The increase in the number of advanced age people makes it necessary to pay more attention to the specific needs of the oldest generation, among which educational needs also play a significant role. Education in late adulthood is a predictor of successful aging, a factor constituting the quality of life, as well as the best prevention and gerontological rehabilitation. Its general goal is to include older people in the education system including lifelong learning, understood as a multidimensional process that gives meaning to life against the backdrop of civilization, social and cultural changes. It also helps in understanding life in a changing reality and in adapting to changes. Educational experiences of older people have developed on the basis of educational programs for adults, which over the years have been systematically modified and adapted according to the needs of recipients. The open educational system and the tendency to create integration facilities for seniors (especially Senior Clubs and Universities of the Third Age) are a token that civilized societies care for a good psychophysical condition and high quality of life of the oldest generation. The purpose of this article is to present the history of the creation and functioning of the Universities of the Third Age in Poland and the Slovak Republic, as well as the benefits that education brings to the lives of elder people.
EN
The article is an attempt to reflect on the mission pursued over the years by UTW in Szczecin. Based on the analysis of documents, the objectives set by the founders of the UTW were presented. The transformation resulting from obtaining the status of the association, which occurred in the following years, was also shown. The article describes some actions for seniors and the local environment taken by the UTW in Szczecin, as well as emerging barriers, transformations, new opportunities. It also presents the changing demographic structure of the UTW students over the years, which is reflected in, inter alia, a significant increase in the number of people with higher education as well as an increase in the number of people aged 80 and over. The author draws attention to the need for a redefinition of ‘mission,’ its improvement, as well as the need for new opportunities and challenges which the University of the Third Age in Szczecin has to face.
PL
Podsumowując rozważania nad misją UTW w Szczecinie, można zauważyć, jak silna była idea UTW, jak ponadczasowa misja, u podstaw której znajdowała się wiara w potencjał człowieka w okresie starości i jego zdolność do ustawicznego kształcenia. Moim zdaniem największym wyzwaniem, przed jakim staną Uniwersytety Trzeciego Wieku i które będzie je coraz wyraźniej różnicować, będzie podejmowanie działań na rzecz aktywizacji seniorów na rynku pracy – doradztwo zawodowe, kursy, promocja gospodarki senioralnej, jak również łączenia tradycyjnych form kształcenia z nowymi, takimi jak e-learning. Wyzwaniem, zwłaszcza dla dużych UTW, posiadających do-świadczenie w prowadzeniu działań na rzecz seniorów stawać się będzie tworzenie oferty edukacyjnej przygotowującej do aktywności zawodowej, niezależnie od działań stymulujących wszechstronny rozwój człowieka. Jestem przekona, że osoby starsze, zaangażowane w rozwój idei UTW w Szczecinie dostrzegą nowe wyzwania i podejmą dyskusję nad możliwościami włączenia UTW w system kształcenia ustawicznego. Tym samym wykorzystają szansę wypracowania nowej formuły funkcjonowania UTW, zgodnej z pierwotną misją.
SK
Celoživotné vzdelávanie je programom dnešnej doby a je potrebné zapájať sa do projektov s týmto zameraním. Príspevok približuje aktivity a zameranie projektu ESF do ktorého sa Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa a vytvára možnosti zvyšovania kvality vzdelávania študentov univerzity tretieho veku.
EN
Lifelong learning is a program today and the need to engage in projects on this subject. The contribution presents activities and focus of the ESF project in which the University of Constantine the Philosopher and creates the possibility of increasing the quality of education students University of the Third Age.
SK
Príspevok sa zaoberá problematikou zefektívnenia vzdelávanie študentov Univerzity tretieho veku na Katedre techniky a informačných technológií PF UKF v Nitre. V rámci zefektívnenia výučby boli vytvorené moderné učebné texty obsahovo prispôsobené cieľovej skupine seniorov. Ďalším významným faktorom efektivizácie ich vzdelávania je uplatnenie sociálnej siete Facebook vo vzdelávaní.
EN
The article deals with streamlining the education of students of the University of the Third Age in the Department of engineering and information technology PF UKF in Nitra. As part of streamlining the course were created modern textbooks customized content target group of seniors. Another important factor efficiency their education is the application of social networking site Facebook in education
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę aktywności fizycznej i turystycznej wśród słuchaczy Uniwersytetów Trzeciego Wieku działających na terenie Krakowa. Celem pracy jest zwrócenie uwagi na konieczność poszerzenia oferty w zakresie aktywizacji ruchowej osób starszych oraz wspierania działalności oferowanej przez wskazane jednostki. Do prezentacji zagadnienia wykorzystano część wyników badań zgromadzonych w ramach większego projektu badawczego. Dane uzyskano na podstawie kwestionariuszy ankietowych (m.in. IPAQ), wypełnianych na następujących krakowskich uczelniach: UTW przy Uniwersytecie Pedagogicznym im. KEN, UTW przy Uniwersytecie Rolniczym im. Hugona Kołłątaja, UTW przy Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim. W sumie analizie poddano 116 ankiet. Postępujący proces starzenia się populacji rodzi konieczność podjęcia działań zmierzających zarówno ku poprawie jakości życia poszczególnych jednostek, jak i funkcjonowania państwa jako organizmu. Jedną z szans na utrzymanie zdrowia i sprawności fizycznej ludzi jest stwarzanie im możliwości do podejmowania aktywności fizycznej oraz turystycznej. Wśród badanych wszyscy spełniali normę WHO dla osób starszych (500–1000 MET min/tydz.) w zakresie minimalnej aktywności ruchowej w czasie wolnym. Podczas wyjazdów krajowych seniorzy, jako jeden z głównych sposobów spędzania czasu, wybierali aktywność ruchową. Wskazano pole do działania dla wszelkich instytucji publicznych i niepublicznych zajmujących się organizacją czasu dla osób starszych, których problemem nie jest brak chęci do podejmowania różnych aktywności, lecz deficyt środków finansowych. Dzięki odpowiedniej współpracy w skali regionu i kraju należy wprowadzać programy wspierające aktywizację seniorów oraz działalność UTW. Sprawna osoba starsza to wyższy poziom samodzielności i samoobsługi, a w konsekwencji mniejsze koszty opieki zdrowotnej i socjalnej.
EN
The article presents the issues of physical and tourist activity among the elderly. The aim of the study is to draw attention to the need of broadening the range of possibilities in terms of the physical activation of older people and promoting activities offered by the indicated units. To present the issue, the author used part of the test results from the framework of a larger research project. Data was obtained during tests (e.g. IPAQ) conducted among students of the Cracow University of the Third Age (UTA) at the Pedagogical University (UP), University of Agriculture (UR) and Jagiellonian University (UJ). A total of 116 questionnaires was analysed. The progressive ageing of the population gives rise to the need of taking action to improve the quality of life of individuals and the functioning of the state as an organism. One of the opportunities for maintaining the health and fitness of the population is tourism activity and exercise undertaken by its members. All respondents met the WHO standard for minimum physical activity in leisure time for older people (500 – 1,000 MET-min/week). During domestic trips seniors chose physical activity as one of the leading ways of spending time. The scope indicated for all public and private institutions involved in the organisation of time for older people, whose problem is not the lack of willingness to take on different types of physical activity but rather the lack of funds. Appropriate cooperation in the region and the country should allow for the introduction of programs created to support the activation of seniors and the functioning of UTAs. A physically fit elderly person means a higher level of independence and self-service, consequently resulting in lower expenditure on health and social care.
EN
The paper focuses on the experiences of teachers who work with older adults at University of the Third Age (U3A), at the University of Wroclaw. In Poland, The University of the Third Age are the most popular place of educational activities of seniors. According to data from the Statistical Office from 2015, in Poland there are 575 Universities of the Third Age. The paper presents the results of the conducted pilot research which have the status of preliminary diagnoses which require confirmation and supplementation based on further research activities. The paper consists of two parts theoretical and empirical one. The aim of the analysis of the collected research material presented in this paper is to establishing useful initial guidelines for practitioners, and in the next stage, developing an educational model of work with seniors as well as preparing a research project on a larger scale.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje doświadczenia nauczycieli pracujących z seniorami na Uniwersytecie Trzeciego Wieku i Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim (UTW, UWr.). UTW są najbardziej popularnymi miejscami uczenia się seniorów w Polsce. Według danych Urzędu Statystycznego z 2015 r., w Polsce funkcjonuje 575 UTW. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wyniki pilotażowych badań, które mają status wstępnych rozpoznań, wymagających po-twierdzenia i uzupełnienia o kolejne działania badawcze. Artykuł został podzielony na dwie części: teoretyczną i praktyczną. Celem badawczym prowadzonych badań jest analiza indywidualnych doświadczeń edukacyjnych nauczycieli (geragogów) pracujących na UTW we Wrocławiu, wskazanie istotnych z ich perspektywy aspektów nauczania i uczenia się studentów-seniorów oraz skonstruowanie edukacyjnego modelu pracy z seniorami, który w kolejnym etapie badań zostanie zweryfikowany w liczniejszej grupie badanych.
EN
Since 2015, the Jagiellonian University Museum has regularly partnered with the Jagiellonian University of the Third Age (JUTA) by organizing lectures for seniors on selected issues concerning the history and collections of the university. The author of this paper extensively surveyed the attendees to evaluate how much information they were able to remember. To illustrate the absorption of knowledge by seniors, the questionnaires were analyzed in terms of three questions: (1) Did most of the respondents obtain a positive (i.e. good or highly satisfactory) or negative (unsatisfactory) result? (2) Which result (unsatisfactory, good, or highly satisfactory) did the largest number of respondents achieve? (3) What was the ratio of unsatisfactory to highly satisfactory results? The questionnaires highlighted the strongest points of the program, but also its shortcomings. Based on them, we can conclude that the lectures make a lot of sense, enriching the JUTA students with knowledge bordering on popular science as well as specialist knowledge. An important benefit of the study is feedback for those preparing and delivering the lectures.
EN
The article is devoted to issues related to making decisions on retirement. It refers to the decision-making process and models aimed to facilitate the choice. Understanding the problem itself and gathering reliable information to help assess the situation is an important element of this process. An integral part of the decision making process is the risk of uncertain, unforeseen events that affect the consequences of the choices made. It is also worth asking oneself whether the decision maker has sufficient knowledge about the problem and the possibilities of solving it. The article presents the results of a pilot survey conducted on a group of seniors from Universities of the Third Age in selected cities in Poland concerning their individual retirement decisions. The survey aimed to determine the impact of selected factors on the decision to retire, as well as the hierarchy of values of these factors in the surveyed group. Analysis of the responses allowed to divide them into the financial, social and psychological areas. The results of the survey highlight the nature of the impact of individual factors. Respondents’ assessments are subjective, but they have common elements.
PL
Artykuł poświęcono problematyce podejmowania decyzji o przejściu na emeryturę. Odniesiono się do procesu decyzyjnego i modeli, które mają na celu ułatwienie wyboru. Ważnym elementem tego procesu jest rozumienie samego problemu oraz zebranie rzetelnych informacji, które pomogą w ocenie sytuacji. Nieodłącznym elementem podejmowania decyzji jest ryzyko dotyczące zdarzeń niepewnych, nieprzewidzianych, które mają wpływ na skutki wyboru. Warto również zadać sobie pytanie, czy osoba podejmująca decyzję posiada wystarczającą wiedzę na temat samego problemu oraz możliwości jego rozwiązania. Artykuł przedstawia wyniki pilotażowego badania przeprowadzonego na grupie seniorów uniwersytetów trzeciego wieku z wybranych miast w Polsce dotyczącego ich indywidualnych decyzji emerytalnych. Badanie miało na celu ustalenie wpływu wybranych czynników na decyzję o przejściu na emeryturę, a także hierarchii wartości tych czynników w badanej grupie. Analiza odpowiedzi pozwoliła podzielić je na obszary – finansowy, społeczny i psychologiczny. Wyniki badań eksponują istotę wpływu poszczególnych czynników. Oceny respondentów są subiektywne, jednak posiadają wspólne elementy.
EN
Background. The elderly can react to stressful stimuli in an alternating fashion, i.e. they learn how to behave in a new situation, but then return to their previous behavior pattern. Regular participation in relaxation classes can help elderly people reduce their level of stress. The aim of the study was to explore the impact of participation in health tasks on the internalization patterns of relaxation activities at the University of the Third Age (UTA) participants. Material and methods. Fourteen students of the UTA at the University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw who took part in 10 relaxation classes answered a questionnaire which was the main research tool used. It consisted of open and closed questions focusing on the advantages of internalization acquired during the classes. It was followed by a direct interview which complemented the opinions of the subjects expressed in the questionnaire. Results. Most respondents gave the psychosocial category as a reason for choosing relaxation classes, mentioning benefits such as calming down, peace of mind and relaxation. Conclusions. Students participating in relaxation classes attributed the greatest value to those action patterns that provided psychosocial feelings. The person running the class plays an important role in moderating the relaxation experience. A systematic relaxation training contributes to the occurrence of a “calming down reflex”.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sposobów realizacji potrzeb seniorów i seniorek uczestniczących w działaniach Świętokrzyskiego Klastra Uniwersytetów Trzeciego Wieku (UTW). Członkowie zrzeszeni w klastrze mają możliwość uczestniczenia w różnych aktywnościach fizycznych i intelektualnych, które zaspokajają wiele z ich „milczących potrzeb”. Prowadzone rozważania wykorzystują wyniki ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród 250 osób oraz opowieści seniorów pogrupowane według ujawnionych w ankietach potrzeb zaspokajanych przez udział w UTW. Opowieści ukazują seniorów jako osoby pragnące szeroko pojętej integracji, ale i autonomii; chcących być użytecznymi i szanowanymi członkami społeczności, ale jednocześnie wyrażających docenianie dla wysiłków i pracy innych osób. Bardzo istotną potrzebą, która jest zaspokajana w ramach klastra UTW, jest poczucie bezpieczeństwa, przynależności oraz satysfakcji życiowej.
EN
The aim of the article is to present ways of meeting the needs of elderly people participating in the activities of the Świętokrzyskie Cluster of Universities of the Third Age (U3A). Members associated in the cluster can participate in various physical and intellectual activities that satisfy many of their "tacit needs". The considerations are based on the results of a survey conducted among 250 people and the elderly’s stories grouped according to the needs revealed in the survey. The stories show elderly people need personal relationships and integration with various communities, but also autonomy. They want to be useful and respected members of the community, but at the same time express appreciation for the efforts and work of others. Very important needs that are met thanks to the U3A cluster activities inlude the sense of security, belonging and life satisfaction.
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EN
The issues of old age, once neglected in terms of reflection and research on this period of life, in recent years took on another dimension. With the growth of the elderly population in the world, gradually more attention is paid to issues related to improving the quality of life of seniors. Of particular interest are those aspects of life that have a direct impact on the sense of well-being of the elderly, namely: family, health, finances. The aspect of health is however considered mostly in the context of an overall psychophysical fitness, access to health care, adequate pensions enabling the purchase of medicines, rehabilitation, etc. In contrast, they less frequently deal with issues related to sexual attractiveness of the seniors and their erotic needs. Old age still does not go hand in hand with the sexual appeal. Elderly women are seen as unnecessary, invisible. They are not perceived as being able to evoke sexual desire. This social reception affects the senior women’s perception of themselves. In the eyes of a community an elderly woman may still be attractive intellectually, but not physically. Stereotypes built around the old age also assume that people in late adulthood have no sexual needs
EN
The article is regarding the mobilization of the elderly people taking place through activity of the University of the Third Age. An occurrence of the old age was described with her significant features including biological, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions of the life of the man. The elderly gradually is backing out of performed roles in society, can feel loneliness, pushing the social life into the background and produced fears with expectation of the death. A fact that seniors have a great development potential was emphasized, need of active activity in different fields of the life and the tendency of developing many interests. A history of the formation of the University of the Third Age was presented as well as their mission, cells, functions and areas and forms of the influence on the elderly were characterised, as well as to the society. These institutions are motivating elderly people in the intellectual, emotional, public, cultural and artistic aspect, as well as enable to include into the course of events general-social. School curricula carried out and forms of the influence contain a lot of contents of the gerontological prevention. University for seniors are counteracting the social exclusion of this group as well as are activating to action and the improvement of the quality of their life.
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