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Il diritto biblico contro l’usura.

100%
Rambiert-Kwaśniewska A.
Scriptura Sacra
|
2015
|
issue 19
85-96
IT
Among other moral or law regulations in ancient Close East, biblical law against usury should be treated as an exception due to the fact, that Tora recognized borrowing money at interest, especially to the compatriots, as definitively wrong. In order to present this exceptional status of biblical codifications, a careful exegesis as well as insightful analysis of terms nešek and tarbît has been performed. Both words turned out to be unclear when it comes to their origin and semantics. Besides mentioned analysis, a comparison of passages from three different Codes of Pentateuch has been performed. All above led to an attempt of explaining if – and how – differences between codifications can be brought together, as well as answering the question: why all three regulations were treated by Jews as obligatory, despite a serious internal incompatibilities.
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Vymáhanie kánonickoprávneho zákazu úrokov v stredoveku a ranom novoveku

89%
Vladár V.
Studia theologica
|
2019
|
vol. 2
43-74
EN
The word "interest" was defined by the Latin word usura from Classical Times. Even canon law, which rejected the charging of interest on the basis of the arguments of mora-legal rules contained in the writings of the Old and New Testament and their interpretations in the works of the Church Fathers, used this substantive from the beginning. In this account usura, in the sense of taking more than was initially lent when applying the institution of a loan, was forbidden. This was the reason for criticizing and blaming the Catholic Church for its reaction and for slowing down economic development, namely not only on the part of economic theorists. Several researchers state, however, that this prohibition was not consistently enforced by the ecclesiastical courts, discussing actually a dead letter in this case. The main goal of this article is to point out the enforcement of the prohibition of the charging of interest by means of rules of Medieval canon law.
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