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Wartościowanie i wartości w tekście poetyckim (na przykładzie nazw kwiatów w liryce młodej polski)

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Kuryłowicz B.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
|
2013
|
issue 13
143-158
EN
The article presents the ways of valuating and the functioning of values in a poetic text. Selected names of flowers appearing in Young Poland’s poetry have been used as the exemplary material. The author aims at indicating how far the general model of valuating, which is established in the standard variety of the Polish language, is reflected in modernistic works, to what extent poetic texts creatively process conventional ways of valuating connected with words referring to flowers, and how far they introduce a reader into a new, or other world of values connected with floral lexis. The analyses presented in the article prove that individual, modernistic ways of valuating the names of flowers and the visions of values connected with flowers differ from those established in the language and culture. Iris, culturally associated with ‘(sophisticated) beauty’, in modernistic poetic texts is a medium of anti-values: ugliness and kitsch; forget-me-not, which is commonly connoted with positively featured ‘memory’, in Young Poland’s lyrics is called a bad weed of memory; rose, stereotypically connected with ‘trans- cendental good’, in poetry from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries connotes ‘transcendental evil’ and ‘sin’; similar to lily, which conventionally is an image of ‘purity’, ‘innocence’ and ‘virginity’, whereas in Young Poland’s works it evokes ‘eroticism’, ‘passion’, ‘sensual love’ and ‘sin’. The names of flowers in Young Poland’s poetic texts are evaluated by means of different kinds of rhetorical devices and semantic changes: metaphors, personifications, anthropomorphisms, hyperboles, accumulation of epithets, modifications in the connotative sphere of words, as well as categorization, a change of rationality, or symbol exposition, thanks to which traditional valuating of flowers and conventional values connected with them are subject to transformations. In effect of such transformations, valuating becomes ambivalent, positive associations are more often than not destroyed, connotations carrying negative axiological undertone prevail, and values are substituted with anti-values.
2

Modelowanie znaczenia w tekście poetyckim, czyli o konceptualizacji przeszłości w liryce Adama Asnyka

100%
Sokólska U., Juszkiewicz A.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
|
2013
|
issue 13
315-332
EN
The article attempts at capturing a linguistic image of the past in A. Asnyk’s texts and presenting symbolic relations between the abstract meaning and the attributes ascribed to it. The author analyzed not only the metaphors containing the lexeme past but also any synonymic notions, periphrases, phrases and terms referring to olden days. On this basis, several models of the past have been distinguished (the past is a living creature, the past is a plant, the past are different kinds of objects and containers, the past is a natural element, the past is nothingness, death and destruction, the past is a memory, the past is a herald of the future) under the condition that the applied divisions are therefore relative due to elusiveness of the described phenomenon. In reality, the past is never perceived, and therefore it cannot be conceptualized univocally.
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