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  1. 2 Študijné zvesti

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  1. 2 Samuel M.

  2. 1 Jahn J.

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  1. 2 2013

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PETROGRAFICKÁ ANALÝZA STAVEBNÉHO MATERIÁLU Z VÝSKUMU KOSTOLA NARODENIA PANNY MÁRIE VO VEĽKÝCH CHYNDICIACH

100%
Jahn J., Samuel M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2013
|
issue 53
149 - 158
EN
During the rescue exploration of the Church of the Nativity of Virgin Mary in Veľké Chyndice (Nitra district) were taken ten samples of rocks, which had been used as building material in various stages of its construction and historical development. Their petrographic characteristics were defined by macroscopic analysis, and, subsequently, possible provenance of the rocks was verified. From the oldest Roman part of the church (13th century) built with bricks comes the sample of stone lining of a portal made of rhyolite, or rhyodacite, and neovulcanites brought from the mountains of central Slovak, i.e. from the distance of 30–50 km. The remains of the portal´s threshold are from red organogenic limestone, coming probably from the quarries at the village of Tardos in Hungary. These quarries of “red marble” had been used already by the end of the 12th century and they supplied an extensive territory of the Kingdom of Hungary in Middle Ages. Two other samples, obtained from the stone-brick foundations of a perished medieval sacristy, were determined as ignimbrites taken from a quarry in the 20 km distant Obyce. It was found out that for the foundations of the Baroque annex building (18th century) were exclusively used the crinoid limestones, quarried in the cadastre of a nearby (10 km) village of Kolíňany. The cover of a crypt, attached in the 18th century, or in the 19th century, to the northern wall of the Baroque aisle, was made of the pyroxenic andesite. Its closest occurrences are known from the quarries with historical mining at Machulince (16 km) and Obyce (20 km) in Pohronský Inovec. The samples were also taken from three different parts of a gravestone of the local priest G. Alapy (+1746). It was found out that the gravestone´s cross was made of crystalloclastic ashy tuff, with a probable source of the raw material being central Slovak neovulcanites, situated in a wider vicinity of Banská Štiavnica. The upper and lateral part of the gravestone is made of crystalloclastic sand tuff, also coming from Middle Slovak neovulcanites.
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ZÁCHRANNÝ VÝSKUM PRI KOSTOLE NARODENIA PANNY MÁRIE VO VEĽKÝCH CHYNDICIACH

100%
Samuel M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2013
|
issue 53
133 - 147
EN
Reconstruction furrows deepened along the building and its vicinity were documented during a short rescue exploration at the Church of the Nativity of Virgin Mary in Veľké Chyndice. New information on the used construction technology and development of the object, consisting of the remains of Roman nave and apsis (13th century), Baroque nave (18th century) and pre-built tower (20th century), was acquired. It was shown that the foundations of the Roman building were built in bricks. Shallow foundations may have been fixed by the stone-brick sustaining wall only as late as in Modern Times. There was partial uncovering of a short section of stone-brick foundation wall, remains of the medieval sacristy renovated in Baroque, which made it possible to reconstruct its ground plan. A slightly misaligned sacristy, connected in the east to the apsis and in the west to the Church´s Roman nave, had inner dimensions of 3.33 x 2.62 m. It was found out that the pillars supporting the present nave of the church at the southern and northern side were not built during the Baroque reconstruction, as it has been assumed so far, but they originated later, perhaps at the end of the 19th or the beginning of the 20th century. The crypt attached to the northern wall of the church´s Baroque nave, probably in the 19th century, was partially explored. It was shown that the terrain at the southern side of the Roman building was lowered during the Baroque reconstruction (1735–1750) at the latest, which put a part of the Roman foundation wall above the level of the present terrain.
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