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1

FIGURE OF OUR LADY AS A SYMBOL OF RESISTANCE IN POLISH NATIONAL MYTHOLOGY (Obraz Panny Marie ako symbol odporu v polskej narodnej mytologii)

100%
Niedzwiedz A.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2008
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vol. 56
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issue 4
373-387
EN
It is very interesting to observe that the popular vision of a nation and its past has a very strong religious dimension in the Polish case. Sacred and profane visions of time, cyclical and linear, mythical and real are mixed together. Religious symbols are often tied strictly with the national discourse, so it is difficult to distinguish which symbols are more religious, and which are more national. A good example can be the image of Our Lady of Czestochowa which is often described and treated as a national emblem.The symbol of Our Lady of Czestochowa was adopted by Solidarity and also by the resistance movement of the 1980s in Poland.
2

"ČOKOLÁDOVÁ MÁRIA" - "RÓMSKE KRESŤANSTVO" NA SLOVENSKU

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Podolinská T.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2007
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vol. 14
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issue 1
50-77
EN
The aim of the study is to emphasize the need to re-examine terminology commonly used in relation to the 'Romany religiosity'. The historical and cultural contexts of the notions 'religion' and 'Christianity' need to be particularly re-examined. The authoress focuses on the phenomena of present 'Romany folk beliefs'. The Slovak majority defines the later as superficial. The authoress argues that this type of Christianity is practiced specifically 'within' (in particularly on the margin of), 'out of' or 'parallely with' official Christianity. She outlines the main features of the 'Romany Christianity' putting them into general typologies as well as non-European types of Christianity respectively non-European types of religions (according to Harvey Whitehouse and Simon Coleman's typologies). Consequently, she defines 'Romany Christianity' as an 'imagistic' mode of religiosity with a 'contractual' type of the 'God's agreement' in contrast with the 'doctrinal' mode of religiosity and 'covenant' type of the 'God's agreement' common in the 'Christianity of majority'. Unlike previous, 'negative' definitions of Romany folk beliefs as 'deviations' or 'contamination' of the majority beliefs, the new typology developed by the authoress enables neutral definition of 'Romany Christianity'. The 'Chocolate Mary' (i.e. Virgin Mary with a brown colour of skin) is used within the study as the authoress' metaphor for the 'Romany Christianity' and at the same time as an authentic example of the 'Romany transcription/translation' of a religious symbol.
3

A SONG AND THE SACRED WORD - ON THE STUDY OF THE RITUAL COMMUNICATION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY (Zpev a slovo posvatne - ke studiu obradni komunikace na pocatku 21. stoleti)

100%
Frolcova V.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2009
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vol. 57
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issue 2
195-207
EN
During Advent, in one catholic village in southeast Moravia, families maintain an extra-liturgical folk ritual called 'carrying the Virgin Mary to bed', also called 'putting Mary to bed'. The Advent event (the expected arrival of the Son of God) and the figure of the Virgin Mary became present every year through this ritual; it takes place in the village and in the families in real time. This Advent tradition has paralles in Austria, Bavaria and in Slovenia in the 19th century and carries elements of pre-Vatican catholic worship into the 21th century. It presents the shared message of the cult of the Virgin Mary through the songs.
4

MANIFESTATIONS OF MARIAN DEVOTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC - PAST AND PRESENT (Projevy marianske religiozity v Ceske republice - vcera a dnes)

100%
Holubova M.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2008
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vol. 56
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issue 4
361-373
EN
The Czech society is considered, together with the society of the former East Germany, to be one of the most secularized in the world. The aim of the present paper is to sketch in a large outline not only the historical preconditions of this opinion, but also to resume the existing partial results of ethnological research focused on the contemporary changes of religiousness and manifestations of Marian devotion in the Czech Republic after the year 1989. The years 1989 a 1990 brought innumerable forms of religiousness. From the variants of classical Chriastianity through its rather deformed forms up to the spiritual schools of the Far East. At presents there are two Marian movements in Czec Republic: Marian Movements of Priests and Apostolate of Fatima (Blue Army).
5

DECLARATIO BREVIS CORONE IMMACULATE VIRGINIS: A SOURCE FOR LATE MEDIEVAL POPULAR PIETY

100%
Kalous A.
Umění (Art)
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2007
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vol. 55
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issue 1
40-44
EN
A set of four incunabula is deposited in the Research Library of Olomouc. One of them contains a handwritten page with the text Declaratio brevis Corone immaculate Virginis. In terms of its content, this text conforms to general religious trends in the 15th century in Central Europe. The late Middle Ages were characterised by a heightened spirituality and an emphasis on traditional objects of popular piety - first and foremost the Virgin Mary and the life of Christ. To a considerable degree, these trends were also supported by the mendicant orders. Marian piety and its expression in the rosary were spread through the influence of the Dominicans and the Minorites (and later the Franciscan-Observants). The Dominican rosary, which included 150 'Hail Marys', was the most widespread, but other versions were also popular. Among the Franciscans of the 15th century, the most popular version was the one that was allegedly promoted by St Bernardino of Siena and St Giovanni of Capistrano. In this version, the number of angelic salutations referred to the lifespan of the Virgin Mary on earth: this rosary included 63 (or 70, 72, 73) 'Hail Marys'. After the end of the Hussite revolution, the Franciscans also introduced the latest European trends to the Czech lands, in particular Moravia and Silesia. In these lands, the Utraquist influence was less pronounced than in Bohemia. Moravia, Silesia and Lusatia extricated themselves from international isolation much sooner than did Bohemia. European influences increased on account of the Catholic cities, as well as the conquest of Matthias Corvinus and the joining of these lands to his Hungarian Kingdom. In 1468, Corvinus visited Olomouc and on that occasion the Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary at the Franciscan monastery was consecrated. The wall painting from 1500 in this church depicts the Coronation of the Virgin Mary, along with two rows of depictions on the theme of the seven joys of the Virgin Mary and the seven effusions of the blood of Christ. A similar painting has been preserved in the Franciscan church in Wroclaw, which includes a further five rows with other depictions. Nonetheless, these paintings are typologically similar. The fact that the paintings were widespread recalls the general trends of piety at the end of the Middle Ages, although one can find specific points in common between the Franciscans in Olomouc and in Wroclaw (the Bishop and Franciscan Jan Filipec). The text, which is published as an addendum, describes a painting, which corresponds in detail to the depiction in Olomouc (except that in the painting there are 73 beads, whereas in the text there is mention of the 63 years of the Virgin Mary). This text explains how the painting should be perceived and interpreted from the perspective of popular piety. It demonstrates that such paintings were clearly even more widespread and in use, as one can see from the attached list of indulgences offered to the faithful who prayed the prayer of 'the crown of the Virgin Mary'.
6
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VIRGIN MARY AND THE BORDER: IDENTITY POLITICS OF THE GREEK CATHOLIC CHURCH AT THE UKRAINIAN/SLOVAK BORDERLAND

100%
Halemba A.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2008
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vol. 40
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issue 6
548-565
EN
The article analyses two apparitions of the Virgin Mary that presently take place on the two sides of the Ukrainian/Slovak border, within the context of church-state relations. In both cases the visionaries are members of the Greek Catholic Church and the authorities of this church have the main say in negotiations over the validity of the visionaries' experiences and over the status of pilgrimage sites that presently emerge. Although until the end of the World War II the territory, on which the apparitions take place, was under jurisdiction of one church administrative unit (Mukachevo Eparchy), at present they happen in two different states and come under jurisdiction of two different Greek Catholic bishops. The article argues that different organisation of church-state relations, especially in their financial aspect, is an important, if not decisive, factor accounting for difference in church hierarchy's treatment of the apparitions on the two sites of the border.
7

THE ANCIENT ANONYMOUS WORK 'PRESLAVNA GORA POCHAIVSKA'

100%
Sobol W.
Slavia Orientalis
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2007
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vol. 56
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issue 3
387-398
EN
The article describes an anonymous Polish baroque print 'Przeslawna Gora Poczajowska' (The Most Famous Pochaiv Mountain') and presents excerpts from this book preserved in the Special Collections Division of Polish National Library in Warsaw. The authoress presents an analysis of miraculous events: the phenomena, which began to happen on the Mountain after the revelation of Virgin Mary, whose footprint left on the rock filled up with healing water. The analysis focuses on the subject of light in the text.
8
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ČESKÁ MARIOLOGICKÁ (A MARIÁNSKÁ) BIBLIOGRAFIE 19. STOLETÍ

88%
Filip M. Š.
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 3
64–76
EN
The proposed study presents research on Czech mariology of the 19th century. After a methodological introduction, three parts are proposed: the first one containing an annotated bibliography of Czech Marian books from the 19th century; the second one containing an annotated bibliography of Marian books translated into Czech in this century; the third one consisting of a survey of articles from the revue Časopis katolického duchovenstva from this century. The study is concluded by a synthetical review and evaluation of the afore- mentioned Marian literature.
9
Content available remote

ČESKÁ MARIOLOGICKÁ (A MARIÁNSKÁ) BIBLIOGRAFIE 1900–1910

88%
Filip M. Š.
Studia theologica
|
2012
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vol. 14
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issue 4
88–101
EN
The proposed study is an continuation of the research regarding the Czech mariology of the 19th century. After the methodological introduction, three parts are proposed: the first one containing an annotated bibliography of Czech Marian books from 1900 to 1910; the second one with a survey of articles from the revue Časopis katolického duchovenstva from these years; the third one containing an annotated bibliography of foreign Marian books translated into Czech over these years. The study is concluded by a synthetical review and evaluation of the mentioned Marian literature.
10

Nadprzyrodzone interwencje w dzieje Rzeczypospolitej: przypadki Matki Boskiej Sokalskiej i Matki Boskiej z Tynnej

75%
Wiślicz T.
Rocznik Antropologii Historii
|
2011
|
issue 1-2
143-155
EN
The survival of the Polish-Lithuanian state in the mid-seventeenth century, in spite of the extremely dramatic concurrence of rebellion and invasion, could be easily perceived as a wonder. In Polish national mythology the turning point in the chain of the nation’s calamities was the successful defense of Jasna Góra, the sanctuary of the Black Madonna, against Swedish troops in 1655. According to the legend, the Virgin Mary herself appeared in the sky during the Swedish siege in order to frighten Her enemies. The experience of the wars of the mid-seventeenth century, and the triumph of the new, baroque religious culture, assured the Polish nobility that the wellbeing of their state depended on divine providence. Nevertheless, heavenly interventions did not find their place in the historiography of early modern Poland with the exception of the miracle at Jasna Góra. Other divine interventions, although they contributed to the ideological worldview of the Polish gentry, did not transcend the boundaries of religious discourse. Thus, reading popular devotional publications throws another light on Polish history, or, more strictly speaking, on the way people living in the 17th century perceived the historical process. This contribution analyzes the political component of the cult of two holy images of Virgin Mary, selected from a host of other examples. The first of them is the image of the Heavenly Mother of Sokal, which competed in prestige and popularity with the image Our Lady of Jasna Góra. The second image is Heavenly Mother of Tynna, the object of a private cult of two noble families from the Podolian region.
11

THEOTOKOS IN POREC. PUBLIC, OFFICIAL AND PRIVATE IN THE SIXTH-CENTURY DEVOTION TO MARY

75%
Vicelja-Matijašiċ M.
ARS
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2013
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vol. 46
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issue 1
3 -15
EN
The mosaics in the central apse of the episcopal church of Eufrasius in Porec, built in the sixth century, present an inexhaustible source for research of iconography of the visual arts in time of Justinian. Given the fact that a large part of the corpus of early Byzantine art was not preserved, especially the one in Constantinople, mosaics in Porec are the key to understanding the role of visual arts in reference to theology, contemporary philosophical disputes, aesthetic canons and role of visual display as a communication means.
12

NÁUKA O SVIATOSTI KRSTU PÁPEŽA LEVA VEĽKÉHO V KONTEXTE JEHO DIELA

63%
Lichner M.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
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2018
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vol. 17
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issue 1
28 – 44
EN
In the submitted study, we pay attention to teaching on baptism in the context of the work of Pope Leo the Great. We analyse Leo´s letters and homilies. In his letters, Leo focuses mainly on liturgical and pastoral questions associated with the sacrament of baptism. He also deals with Marian-ecclesial symbolism according to which the Virgin Mary becomes the image of baptistery of the Church where believers – members of Christ´s ecclesial body – are born. The third aspect developed by Leo in relation to baptism is almsgiving, to which the faithful are often invited. This act, like baptism, leads to forgiveness of sins. Leo´s theology of baptism has Christological dimension connected to ecclesiology, with an impact on the sacramental life of believers. Leo thus becomes one of very few early Christian authors who indicated and developed Christological spirituality of „lay people“.
13

Les putes et les soumises: la dualité de l’image de la femme dans l’œuvre d’Andreï Makine

63%
Duffy H.
Romanica Wratislaviensia
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2011
|
vol. 58
43-57
EN
The present article addresses the duality of female protagonists created by Andreï Makine, a contemporary Russian-born, French-language author. Focusing on the writer’s four early novels and using psychoanalysis and sociology as analytical tools, I place the whores and the saintly mothers populating Makine’s works in the Russian cultural context, at the same time arguing that such polarised and unavoidably stereotypical representation of women stems from the author’s desire to accommodate his work to his prospective reader’s necessarily limited horizon of expectations. I also postulate that the inherent ambiguity of some heroines who oscillate between vice and virtue or, to use Freudian terminology, between the heimlich and the unheimlich, reflects the problematic identity of Makine’s male protagonists who ceaselessly hesitate between loyalty to Mother Russia and admiration for the West. Thus, the woman’s wavering between a homely and an uncanny figure undoubtedly mirrors Russia’s perennial struggle for self-definition as illustrated by the conflict between Westernisers and Slavophiles, recently revived as that between the advocates of Russia’s opening to the West and the Eurasianists who are nostalgic for their country’s isolation imposed by Communism.
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