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ORT VOCATIONAL TRAINING IN DP CAMPS IN GERMANY, AUSTRIA, AND ITALY (Szkolenia zawodowe ORT-u w obozach dla DP w Niemczech, Austrii i Wloszech)

100%

Person K.

Kwartalnik Historii Żydow

2010

issue 2(234)

194-206

The fate of Displaced Persons was one of the greatest challenges met by the international community in years immediately after the Second World War. By mid-1947, the Jewish DP population had reached already about 250,000 people housed in hundreds of DP centres. One of the most important issue in DP camps was that of instilling an interest in learning and work into those who had previously had to perform slave labor and endure the concentration camps. Straight after the liberation, a handful of veteran ORT workers - headed by Jacob Oleiski, former director of ORT in Lithuania - established the first vocational course at Landsberg, near Dachau in the American zone of Germany. In December 1945, the first training centre in the British zone was instituted at Bergen-Belsen. By the end of 1947, ORT had become a network of over 700 courses located in the DP camps of Europe. The phenomenal number of 22,620 persons was enrolled that year, almost one-tenth of the DP population of the time. 934 teachers taught more than fifty trades. The vocational schools were not only equipping students with new skills but also with confidence to imagine a future in which they could use it. On completion of any ORT course the students received a certificate which would prove to be a valuable document for those seeing to emigrate.

Międzynarodowa kariera zawodowa w opinii emigrantów zarobkowych

100%

Sapia-Drewniak E.

Rocznik Andragogiczny

2009

vol. R. 2009

The opening of state borders within Europe, connected with the expansion of the European Union, has brought about a strong wave of wage-earning migration of newly-admitted states of Central-Eastern Europe. This opportunity has been used by many Poles who realize their vocational career outside the borders of Poland. In the undertaken qualitative research the authoress attempted to answer the following questions: What motives are young Poles driven by when they decide to make their international careers? What expectations do they have in relation to the workplaces outside their own country? What actions do they undertake while designing their own careers? The basic cause of going abroad was financial one, that is the possibility of earning higher wages abroad than at home, which allows living a more interesting, comfortable life and realizing ambitions and dreams. Still, planning an international career entails the necessity of getting to know one's own assets, potential and capacity, but also one's weak sides. The readiness to learn about one's own possibilities influences the process of planning and reaching goals to a considerable extent. The respondents perceive the process of designing their international careers as an activity that requires a lot of effort, own initiative, and a little of good luck. They point to the need of building a network of private contacts which are of utmost importance in the situation of their staying outside their native country. They indicate improvement of the financial status of the family or their personal one, possibility of their own development and getting to know the world to be the most vital benefits. The experience of their professional work and everyday life influence their development, mobilize them to undertake educational activity, which - undoubtedly - results in that they are becoming competitive in the changing labour markets of contemporary times.

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1 Kwartalnik Historii Żydow

1 Rocznik Andragogiczny

1 Person K.

1 Sapia-Drewniak E.

1 2010

1 2009

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ORT VOCATIONAL TRAINING IN DP CAMPS IN GERMANY, AUSTRIA, AND ITALY (Szkolenia zawodowe ORT-u w obozach dla DP w Niemczech, Austrii i Wloszech)

Międzynarodowa kariera zawodowa w opinii emigrantów zarobkowych