Search results

1

Attributes of human capital in the context of innovation of the Visegrad Group

100%

Brożek K.

Central European Review of Economics & Finance

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2022

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vol. 40

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issue 5

5-22

EN

The aim of the article was to identify and quantify the impact of human potential on the level of innovation of the Visegrad Group (V4) countries. In the theoretical part of the considerations, a critical analysis of the literature on the subject and a library query were used, while in the empirical part a statistical analysis was applied, which included the characteristics of a sample of selected features, an analysis of a series of correlations examining the matching of features, and an analysis of the results obtained. The collected data was compiled using descriptive statistics - average values, dynamics of changes, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. In the course of the analysis, it was possible to identify several dependencies with a fairly strong or moderate strength of the relationship. The main conclusions include the fact that there is a fairly strong positive correlation between human resources in science and technology and expenditure on research and development in the enterprise sector. The practical implication of the study may be the fact of diagnosing the main attributes of human capital which, in turn, may be interpreted as outlining a certain field for the application of a targeted policy aimed at increasing the innovativeness of the Visegrad Group.

2

UNEMPLOYMENT AND LABOR MARKET POLICY IN VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES

100%

Zieliński M.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2015

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vol. 10

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issue 3

185-201

EN

In the recent years, an economic crisis has appeared in most economies. It affected the labor market situation. This article refers to the changes in the labor markets of the Visegrad Group countries. The analysis concerns the relations between the economic crisis, the level and structure of unemployment (taking into account the situation of women and young people as the groups strongly exposed to unemployment), and the level and structure of expenditures within the labor market policy. The article is based on the data published by Eurostat, using the tools of descriptive statistics, and statistical indexes, in particular. The research period covers the years 2007-2012, which is dictated by the availability of comparable statistical data. An analysis of the data indicates that the economic crisis increased the economic activity of the population, which contributed to an increase in unemployment. There is no discrimination against women in the labor market, but there has been a serious increase in unemployment among young people. With the increase in unemployment, the expenditures on the total labor market policy have increased, as have those on passive labor market policies and labor market service. Expenditures on active labor market policies (ALMPs) grow relatively more slowly, which may be especially evident in the case of expenditure on training.

3

Recenzja: Łukasz Lewkowicz, Współpraca transgraniczna państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej: uwarunkowania, struktury, perspektywy, „Prace IEŚ” 2020, nr 13, ss.78

100%

Podgajna E.

Wschód Europy. Studia humanistyczno-społeczne

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2022

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vol. 8

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issue 1

199-201

4

Introductory parts to the constitutions of Visegrad Group countries. Their relevance, constitutional identity and relation towards European Constitutional Identity.

88%

Popławski K.

Central European Papers

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2019

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vol. 7

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issue 1

25-50

EN

Postponed article seeks to find an answer on legal meaning and role played by introductory parts of the Constitutions of Visegrad Group (Hungary, Czech Republic, Republic of Slovakia and Republic of Poland) countries – both in internal and external (European) aspect. They commonly expresses respect to freedom and human dignity and vast catalogue of principles and values known in European legal discourse. Preambles though are also main source of reconstructing national identity and constitutional identity and thus makes it worth referring to. Regional Constitutional Courts concerned preambles in their judgment several times and scope of their activities as well as methods are worth interpreting. Relation to international principles and values is also not a coincidence, as it is connected with the process of democratic transition in post – communism countries. Hence it refers to notions of constitutional identity and certain level of “openness” of Constitutions of the V4 countries on European law.

5

Wybory do Parlamentu Europejskiego w państwach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. Weryfikacja modelu second-order election

88%

Kozierska J.

Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne

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2015

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vol. 19

38 - 48

EN

The ten new Member States joined the European Union on 1 May 2004. Since then three elections to the European Parliament have been held. This paper attempts to answer the question whether the second-order election model (one of the best known theories concerning the voting behavior in Western Europe), created in 1980 by Karlheinz Reif and Hermann Schmitt, is the right research tool for the analysis of the EP elections in the new Member States from Central and Eastern Europe. The analysis was conducted on aggregated data for the countries of the Visegrad Group.

6

Analysis of Impact of Educational Attainment on Economic Performance in Visegrád Group Countries

88%

Koišová E., Masárová J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Zarządzanie

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2023

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vol. 1

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issue 51

80-91

EN

The Visegrad Group countries are often cited as an example of a successful transition from a centrally planned economy to a market-based one. Education is crucial in enhancing the quality of human capital, which directly impacts a country's economy. The paper addresses the impact of educational attainment on the gross domestic product in the Visegrad Group countries. To assess the educational attainment of economically active per-sons, the Educational Attainment Index was calculated. The period analysed is the time from 2005 to 2020. Changes in the share of economically active persons with tertiary education were examined, with the best values achieved in Poland compared to other countries. Poland outperformed the remaining Visegrad Group countries in terms of the Educational Attainment Index, but Slovakia and the Czech Republic also managed to perform above the EU average. In terms of gross domestic product per capita, the Visegrad Group countries showed values below the EU average throughout the studied period. The analysis found that Poland had the highest Pearson correlation coefficient between the education index and gross domestic product per capita among the four countries and the EU average.

7

Changes In Competitiveness Among The Visegrad Countries After Accession To The European Union: A Comparative Analysis Based On A Generalized Double Diamond Model

88%

Molendowski E., Żmuda M.

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

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2013

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vol. 16

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issue 4

121-153

EN

National competitiveness is a buzzword that awakens much interest and controversy. In its broadest perspective, it is seen as a modern way of describing the development efforts of nations in the times of globalization (Reinert 2001, p. 23-42). This means that forces driving the changes in the global economy: liberalization of international trade, booming investment by multinational enterprises and development of regional integration groupings, need to be included into the competitiveness model. Well-known and commonly used approach to national competitiveness: Porter’s diamond of competitive advantage does not however capture this international context. By concentrating solely on the elements of the domestic environment, the model does not show the complicated international linkages that have shaped the competitiveness of many countries. Especially in the case of small, open ‘catching-up’ economies, assessing national competitiveness solely on the basis of the potential of domestic companies, based on local conditions, does not fully reflect their developmental context, which is also driven by the complex networks of international interdependencies. Building upon the generalized double diamond model developed by Moon et al. (2000), this paper explores the extent to which economic relations with international partners and the activities oftransnational corporations affect the competitiveness of the Visegrad Group countries, and how this relationship has been changing in the post-accession period. To answer the research problem posed, Eurostat and Global Competitiveness Report data have been gathered to assess the competitiveness variables on both the domestic/national and international levels. It has been shown that integration within the global economy constitutes an essential element of competitiveness for each of the analysed countries.

8

Mutual relationships between the unemployment rate and the unemployment duration in the Visegrad Group countries in years 2001?2017

88%

Dmytrów K., Bieszk-Stolorz B.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2019

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vol. 14

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issue 1

129-148

EN

Research background: The most important indicators that describe the situation on the labour market are the unemployment rate and the unemployment duration. If both these indicators are high, then the human capital deteriorates. Therefore, it seems justified to analyse the mutual relationships between them. Purpose of the article: The article aims at finding the relationships between the unemployment rate and the unemployment duration, and checking if the mutual courses of these two indicators in the Visegrad Group countries are connected with each other. Methods: The business cycle clock methodology will be used to analyse the relationship between the unemployment rate and the median unemployment duration. Next, the similarity of the course of these two indicators will be analysed by means of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) technique. Findings & Value added: Amongst the analysed countries, Czechia, Poland and Slovakia were, to a certain degree, similar with respect to the mutual course of the unemployment rate and the unemployment duration. Until the peak of the financial crisis in 2009, the unemployment rate and the unemployment duration decreased. During the next years, the unemployment rate was increasing and after 2-3 years it was followed by the increase of the unemployment duration. The situation improved after the year 2013 ? both indicators were decreasing. In Hungary, on the contrary, the unemployment rate was increasing or steady until 2012, and during the following years it started to decrease. However, the course of the unemployment duration was completely different than in remaining countries. The value added of the article is application of the business clock cycle and the Dynamic Time Warping technique in finding the relationships and similarity of courses between the unemployment rate and the unemployment duration.

9

The Competitive Position of the Economy of Poland (against the Backdrop of the Visegrad Group Countries and the Baltic States) – Changes and Determinants in the Post-accession Period

51%

Molendowski E.

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

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2021

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vol. 24

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issue 1

PL

Artykuł jest prezentacją wyników analizy, w ramach której podjęto próbę porównania zmian pozycji konkurencyjnej Polski na tle państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej (GW–4) oraz Krajów Bałtyckich (KB–3) w okresie poakcesyjnym (lata 2006–2017). Należy podkreślić, że tego typu badanie nie było jeszcze szerzej prezentowane w dostępnej literaturze. Artykuł może być więc ważnym uzupełniniem tej luki. W badaniu zastosowano metodę analizy porównawczej danych wtórnych, dotyczących wskaźników konkurencyjności gospodarki oraz czynników ją determinujących wyodrębnionych w Raportach „Global Competitiveness Report”, opracowywanych przez Światowe Forum Ekonomiczne. Ważnym elementem prezentowanej analizy było podjęcie próby zidentyfikowania najważniejszych czynników determinujących te zmiany. Artykuł kończy zestawienie najważniejszych wniosków wynikających z prezentowanej analizy. Analiza potwierdziła, że badane kraje cechowały się dość istotnymi różnicami w zakresie poprawy ich pozycji konkurencyjnej w okresie poakcesyjnym.

EN

The article presents the results of an analysis that compares changes in Poland’s competitive position against the backdrop of the Visegrad Group (V4) countries and the Baltic States (BS3) in the post-accession period (2006–2017). This type of study has not been presented in detail in the available literature before. Therefore, the article may significantly contribute to bridging the gap. The study employs a comparative analysis of secondary data concerning the indices and pillars of economic competitiveness described in The Global Competitiveness Reports prepared by the World Economic Forum. An important element of the examination was the endeavour to identify major determinants of those developments. The article ends with a summary of the most significant conclusions from the analysis presented. As confirmed by the examination, the countries covered differed widely regarding the improvement of their competitive positions in the post-accession period.

10

Środkowoeuropejskie aspekty Nowego Jedwabnego Szlaku

51%

Kik K.

Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula

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2018

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issue 4(58)

25-38

PL

Artykuł jest efektem analizy naukowej dokumentów, opracowań monograficznych i periodyków naukowych oraz prasy. Jego celem jest naukowa analiza wszelkich aspektów chińskiego zaangażowania przez realizację koncepcji Nowego Jedwabnego Szlaku w politykę państw Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej, Unii Europejskiej i Rosji. Problemem zasadniczym analizy jest próba identyfikacji wspólnych interesów w trójkącie Chiny – Unia Europejska – Europa Środkowo-Wschodnia, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem interesów Polski.

EN

This article is of the research nature. Its aim is to mark the Central European aspects of the New Silk Road concept formulated by China. An attempt was made to identify common interests in its implementations for China itself, neighbouring Russia, Central and East European countries, and the European Union, including Poland.

11

CO2 Emissions in the Visegrad Group Countries and the European Union Climate Policy

51%

Wawrzyniak D.

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

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2020

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vol. 23

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issue 1

73-91

PL

Zmiana klimatu jest jednym z najbardziej palących wyzwań naszych czasów. W związku z tym podejmowany jest szereg działań mających na celu złagodzenie tego negatywnego zjawiska. Redukcja emisji gazów cieplarnianych, poprawa efektywności energetycznej oraz wzrost udziału energii ze źródeł odnawialnych stanowią także priorytet polityki Unii Europejskiej. W tym kontekście celem artykułu jest zbadanie czynników wpływających na zmiany emisji CO2 w czterech państwach członkowskich UE tworzących Grupę Wyszehradzką, w latach 1993–2016. Analiza przeprowadzona z wykorzystaniem metody dekompozycji LMDI (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index) oraz tożsamości Kaya pozwala zidentyfikować czynniki, które w największym stopniu przyczyniają się do zmian emisji CO2. Umożliwia ona także omówienie uzyskanych wyników w powiązaniu z polityką klimatyczną Unii Europejskiej. Zgodnie z wynikami analizy dekompozycyjnej energochłonność oraz wzrost gospodarczy wyrażony PKB per capita były głównymi czynnikami przyczyniającymi się do zmian emisji CO2 we wszystkich rozważanych krajach. Spadek emisji wynikał głównie z poprawy efektywności energetycznej i w mniejszym stopniu ze zmian koszyka energetycznego w stronę odnawialnych źródeł energii.

EN

Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges of our time and several policies trying to mitigate this negative phenomenon have been implemented. The reduction of GHG emissions along with the improvement in energy efficiency and the increase in the share of energy consumption from renewable sources also constitute the European Union policy priority. In this context, the aim of this article is to explore factors that affect changes in CO2 emissions in the four EU member states that form the Visegrad Group, during the period 1993–2016. The analysis was conducted using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition method and the Kaya identity, which enables the factors contributing most to the CO2 emissions changes to be identified. It also allows the results to be discussed in relation to the European Union’s climate policy. According to the decomposition analysis results, energy intensity and economic growth measured in terms of GDP per capita were the main factors driving changes in CO2 emissions across all countries considered. The emissions decrease resulted mainly from an improvement in energy efficiency and to a lesser extent from the change in the energy mix towards renewables.

12

The Catching up Processes of the Regions of the Visegrad Group Countries

45%

Lengyel I., Kotosz B.

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

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2018

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vol. 21

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issue 4

5-24

PL

Większość krajów postsocjalistycznych w Europie Środkowej i Wschodniej przystąpiła do Unii Europejskiej w 2004 roku. Integracja tych gospodarek z Unią rozpoczęła się wcześniej i została wzmocniona po akcesji dzięki dotacjom z funduszy strukturalnych. Jednym z ich celów jest ułatwienie procesu nadrabiania zaległości przez mniej rozwinięte regiony i ich konwergencji do średniej dla starszych państw członkowskich. W niniejszym badaniu poddano analizie sukces procesu nadrabiania zaległości w regionach NUTS3 w czterech krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej (V4), tj. w Czechach, na Węgrzech, w Polsce i na Słowacji, w latach 2000–2014, w stosunku do średniego poziomu dla 15 najstarszych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej. Czy proces nadrabiania zaległości występuje w każdym regionie, a jeśli tak to czy proces ten przebiega w podobnym tempie, czy też różni się ono istotnie w zależności od regionu? Analizie poddano zmiany PKB per capita według parytetu siły nabywczej, i zbadano dysproporcje w tempie nadrabiania zaległości za pomocą indeksów Thiela bazujących na entropii. Dokonano szczegółowej analizy dwóch czynników wpływających na proces nadrabiania zaległości w regionach. Po pierwsze, sprawdzono, czy proces nadrabiania zaległości w regionach odbywał się w podobny lub bardzo odmienny sposób w porównaniu z przeciętnym dla danego państwa. Po drugie, zbadano, w jaki sposób wielkość największego miasta w regionie wpłynęła na proces nadrabiania zaległości i czy można pokazać rolę największego miasta regionu.

EN

The majority of Central and Eastern European post‑socialist countries acceded to the European Union in 2004. The integration of these economies to the Union had begun earlier, which was strengthened by grants from the Structural Funds after the accession. One of their aims is to facilitate the catching up processes of less developed regions and their convergence to the average of older member states. In our study1, we examine the success of the catching up processes of the NUTS3 regions in the four Visegrad Group countries (V4), i.e., the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia, between 2000 and 2014 to the average of the 15 initial member states of the European Union. Is there a process of catching up in each region, and if so, is it at a similar or a highly different rate? We analyze the development of GDP per capita at Purchasing Power Parity, and we examine disparities in the level of catching up using entropy‑based Theil indexes. We provide a detailed analysis of two of the influencing factors of the catching up process of regions. Firstly, we look at whether the catching up process of the regions took place in a similar or very different way compared to the national average. Secondly, we examine how the size of the biggest city of the regions affected catching up, and whether the role of the biggest city of region can be shown.

13

Monetary Policy Transmission and the Labour Market in the Non‑eurozone Visegrad Group Countries in 2000–2014. Evidence from a SVAR Analysis

38%

Włodarczyk P.

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 4

23-43

PL

Celem prezentowanego artykułu jest wypełnienie luki w istniejącej literaturze ekonomicznej poprzez dostarczenie nowych dowodów na istnienie zależności pomiędzy rozmiarami podaży pieniądza a poziomami zatrudnienia i bezrobocia obserwowanymi w krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej niebędących członkami strefy euro (Czechach, Węgrzech i Polsce). Analizy wykorzystują strukturalne modele wektorowej autoregresji (SVAR), które estymowano w oparciu o dane miesięczne z okresu 2000:1–2014:2. W celu uzyskania oszacowań funkcji odpowiedzi na impuls wykorzystano zbiór restrykcji krótkookresowych wyprowadzonych z teorii transmisji polityki pieniężnej. Zaproponowano dwie różne identyfikacje modelu. Wyniki potwierdzają istnienie zależności pomiędzy polityką pieniężną, zatrudnieniem i bezrobociem. Zgodnie z uzyskanymi oszacowaniami szoki polityki pieniężnej powodują opóźnioną reakcję produkcji, zatrudnienia i stopy bezrobocia w analizowanych krajach.

EN

This paper is aimed at filling the gap in existing economic research by delivering new evidence on the money‑labour nexus in the emerging markets of the non‑eurozone Visegrad group countries (i.e. Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland). Analyses are based on the Strucutral VAR (SVAR) models of the monetary transmission mechanism, estimated using monthly data from the 2000:1–2014:2 period. In order to obtain impulse responses, the short‑run restrictions set, based on the monetary transmission theory, is imposed. Two different identification schemes are considered. The results confirm that there exists a nexus between monetary policy, employment, and unemployment. According to the obtained estimates monetary policy shocks invoked lagged, hump‑shaped reactions of output, employment and unemployment in each of the analysed countries.

Refine search results

Attributes of human capital in the context of innovation of the Visegrad Group

UNEMPLOYMENT AND LABOR MARKET POLICY IN VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES

Recenzja: Łukasz Lewkowicz, Współpraca transgraniczna państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej: uwarunkowania, struktury, perspektywy, „Prace IEŚ” 2020, nr 13, ss.78

Introductory parts to the constitutions of Visegrad Group countries. Their relevance, constitutional identity and relation towards European Constitutional Identity.

Wybory do Parlamentu Europejskiego w państwach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. Weryfikacja modelu second-order election

Analysis of Impact of Educational Attainment on Economic Performance in Visegrád Group Countries

Changes In Competitiveness Among The Visegrad Countries After Accession To The European Union: A Comparative Analysis Based On A Generalized Double Diamond Model

Mutual relationships between the unemployment rate and the unemployment duration in the Visegrad Group countries in years 2001?2017

The Competitive Position of the Economy of Poland (against the Backdrop of the Visegrad Group Countries and the Baltic States) – Changes and Determinants in the Post-accession Period

Środkowoeuropejskie aspekty Nowego Jedwabnego Szlaku

CO2 Emissions in the Visegrad Group Countries and the European Union Climate Policy

The Catching up Processes of the Regions of the Visegrad Group Countries

Monetary Policy Transmission and the Labour Market in the Non‑eurozone Visegrad Group Countries in 2000–2014. Evidence from a SVAR Analysis