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EN
It is not a well-known fact that Władysław Kotwicz (1872–1944), a world famous Mongolist and Altaist, in 1923 also became the first President of the Polish Oriental Society and held this position almost until his death. This paper concerns this very sphere of his acti- vity. It emphasizes merits of Kotwicz as the organizer of the Polish Oriental Society and the editor of its publications but also deals with other matters concerning Kotwicz. The article is illustrated with photographs from Kotwicz’s private archive that to date have not been published.
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EN
The members of Prague’s Kalmyk community, which in the interwar period numbered more than one hundred individuals, came to Czechoslovakia in the 1920s as part of the large wave of émigrés from Russia for whom the Czechoslovak state organized the “Russian Aid Operation” in 1921. One of the central figures of the local Kalmyk community was Badma Ulanov, who was a principal organizer of Kalmyk cultural, scholarly, and publishing activities in Czechoslovakia. The Kalmyk community in Czechoslovakia was active in writing and publishing, and in putting out magazines and books whose range included fiction, nonfiction, and works that describe folk customs. Thanks to these diverse activities, Prague’s Kalmyk community was the main cultural and scholarly center for all Kalmyk émigré communities in Europe (the largest of which were located in Yugoslavia, France, and Bulgaria). One researcher in the field of Kalmyk studies who was in contact with the Prague Kalmyk community and who supported them in their academic endeavors was the Polish Mongolist Władysław Kotwicz.
EN
Władysław Kotwicz (1872–1944), eminent Mongolist and Altaist, in 1926–1939 was a Professor of the University of Jan Kazimierz in Lvov where he was a Chair of the Far East. The present article discusses the correspondence which W. Kotwicz received from Stanisław Szachno-Romanowicz (1900–1975). The letters date from 1920s. They document the development of Polish Oriental Studies in independent Poland. The correspondence consists of twenty eight letters and postcards sent by Szachno-Romanowicz from Warsaw to Vilnius where W. Kotwicz stayed while he was free from university duties.
EN
The article is devoted to the early history of “Rocznik Orientalistyczny”, the oldest Polish journal in the field of Oriental Studies. It was founded by a group of Polish scholars: Andrzej Gawroński, Jan Grzegorzewski, Władysław Kotwicz, Jan Rozwadowski and Tadeusz Kowalski. The first volume was published in 1915, but only the second one was attributed to the Polish Oriental Society, founded in 1923. The first seat of the editorial office was Lwów (until 1949), the second – Cracow (utill 1953), and from 1953 (until now) – Warsaw. The Polish Oriental Society was the editor of RO until 1953 (17 volumes). Since that year it has been edited by the Polish Academy of Sciences, currently by the Committee for Oriental Studies.
EN
There were eight Turcologists in 1939 in Poland, including three professors: Władysław Kotwicz at the University of Lvov, Tadeusz Kowalski at the Jagiellonian University and Ananiasz Zajączkowski at the University of Warsaw. Muslim mufti in Poland Jakub Szynkiewicz and Marian Lewicki (University of Lvov) had a PhD in Oriental studies. Stanisław Szachno-Romanowicz, employee at the Main Archives in Warsaw, had an MA in Arabic studies and a PhD in Semitic studies. Master’s degrees in Oriental studies received: Ali Woronowicz (Lvov) and Turcologist Seraja Szapszał (St. Petersburg). A distinguished author and organiser of cultural life of the Karaites was Aleksander Mardkowicz (magazine “Karaj Awazy”) and of Tartars – Leon and Olgierd Kryczyński (magazine “Rocznik Tatarski”). Stanisław Kryczyński, with an MA in history, co-operated with the Tartars. Some of them were executed for political reasons,– Leon Kryczyński by the Germans (1939), Olgierd Kryczyński by the Soviet secret police NKVD (1942), Ali Woronowicz died in NKVD prison (1941); the last two for co-operation with the “Prometeusz” movement. Tadeusz Kowalski together with other Jagiellonian University professors was imprisoned in the Sachsenhausen camp (until 8.2.1940). Jobless and emaciated, the following died of natural causes: Stanisław Kryczyński (1941), Aleksander Mardkowicz (1944) and Władysław Kotwicz (1944). The following survived the war: Jakub Szynkiewicz (emigrated in 1944), Seraja Szapszał was detained in the Lithuanian Socialist Republic, Stanisław Szachno-Romanowicz, evacuated in 1939, remained as an expatriate in London. Doing odd jobs, the following survived the war: Tadeusz Kowalski, Ananiasz Zajączkowski, Marian Lewicki. After 1945 they took up scientific work.
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