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EN
In 1925 Vladimir Mayakovsky travelled to America. He reached New York on July 30, 1925, meeting his readers, giving interviews and sightseeing. He also visited Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, where he read his poems, talked about the Soviet Union and shared his impressions of his US travel. His three-month stay (from the end of July 1925 to the end of October 1925) resulted in writing “Stichi ob Amierikie” and a travelog “Moje odkrytije Amieriki” (Moscow 1926), which many years later was also published in the Polish edition (Warsaw 1950).Mayakovski’s poems and reportage on America reflect his observational talent and brilliant sarcasm, which, however, are not devoid of ideology and propaganda. The poet, fascinated by modernization, mechanization and electrification, described the “country of dollar”, “car civilization”, standardization, prosperity and dynamic development, not without recognition and appreciation. At the same time he wrote critically, and sometimes maliciously, about such social problems of America of that time as racism, imperialism, etc.
RU
В статье представлена попытка сравнительного анализа восприятия Польши русскими поэтами и писателями, которые ее посетили в межвоенный период (Илья Эренбург, Владимир Маяковский), или эмигрировали сюда (Дмитрий Философов). Их взгляды и оценки обусловлены не только различиями жизненного опыта, духовного горизонта, идеологическими установками, но и степенью знакомства с польской действительностью, культурой. Поначалу весьма поверхностные взгляды и оценки Ильи Эренбурга эволюционировали по мере его ознакомления с польской культурой; восприятие же Польши Дмитрием Философовым основывалось на глубоком погружении в польскую литературу, историю и современную реальность. Вместе с тем, соотнося польский и российский опыт, каждый из них обращался к воображаемому образу России: Эренбург конструировал идеальный образ страны счастья и справедливости, Философов мечтал о «третьей России», следующей традициям Пушкина и Толстого.
EN
The article presents an attempt at a comparative analysis of how Poland was perceived by Russian poets and writers who visited the country in the interwar period (Ilya Ehrenburg, Vladimir Mayakovsky), or emigrated to it (Dmitry Filosofov). Their views and opinions stem not only from the differences of life experience, spiritual horizons, or ideological stance, but also from the degrees of familiarity with Polish reality and culture. The, initially superficial, outlooks and judgments of Ilya Ehrenburg were evolving as he was becoming more acquainted with Polish culture; conversely, Dmitry Filosofov’s perceptions of Poland relied on deep immersion into Polish literature, history and contemporary reality. At the same time, correlating Polish and Russian experiences, neither of them was free from wishful thinking: Ehrenburg would build an imaginary portrait of Russia as a country of happiness and justice, and Filosofov dreamt of the ‘third Russia’ that would follow the tradition of Pushkin and Tolstoy.
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