The paper concerns the question of the challenges with which the current welfare policy, primarily in Poland, but also in other European countries, has been faced. There are two very urgent social questions needing a response of welfare policy. First: demographic changes, labour-market segmentation and structural unemployment. The predicted negative consequences of the change of the age-groups structure in the near future require the welfare policy to search for efficient measures responding to this change. There are three directions of reaction of welfare policy: (1) an increase in of family protection and support; (2) a new migration policy; (3) a larger and better integration of workers agedg over 50 on labour-market. The second urgent social question is the growth of work precarity and structural unemployment. Both have a dysfunctional impact on individuals and on society. The paper draws special attention to the relationship between the structural unemployment and informal and illegal activities. It concludes that the large extent of undeclared work in Poland deserves much more attention of welfare policy than it does nowadays.
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