Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 26

first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  WORK
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote

Mají muži a ženy v ČR odlišné postoje k práci?

100%
Vohlidalova M.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
|
2006
|
vol. 7
|
issue 1
26-32
EN
As we can support with objective evidence, the position of men and women on the Czech labour market is not equal: (i) There is an obvious gender pay gap. (ii) Women are overrepresented in lower-paid professions with lower social prestige. Many authors (e.g. Cermáková, Crompton, Bradley) concerned with explanation of the reasons of the gender inequalities on the labour market emphasize the role of structural barriers and gender stereotypes. In this paper the authoress is trying to answer the question whether it is either the existence of structural barriers or different attitudes of men and women towards work that is the cause of the obvious gender inequality on the Czech labour market. The analysis revealed that the differences in attitudes of men and women towards work are marginal and that many gender stereotypes according to which women are less ambitious employees than men are untenable. The structural barriers and gender stereotypes are thus possible to be considered as the principal causes of the gender inequalities on the Czech labour market. The findings are based on a quantitative analysis of data collected in a study of 5 510 respondents in 2005 in the Czech Republic.
2

PREHĽADOVÁ ŠTÚDIA: ZMENY V TEÓRIÁCH PRELÍNANIA PRACOVNÉHO A RODINNÉHO PROSTREDIA

80%
Ištoňová L.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2016
|
vol. 19
|
issue 3
-
EN
Work and family have traditionally been considered as two main domains of people’s lives. Research interest from different scientific fields, but mostly from the fields of psychology and sociology led to an extensive examination of work and family interactions. Taking into consideration the current state of theory, the aim of the present study was to provide a chronological overview focused on the changes of the perception of work/family interface in different theories. Moreover, we attempted to emphasize similarities and differences between these theories. In this study we focused on the most significant theories from both, non-interactional and interactional approach. Non-interactional approach to work/family interface was dominant approximately from the early 1920s until late 1960s and its main assumption was that work and family domain are strictly separated. In the present study, the non-interactional approach is represented by segmentation theory and structural functionalism. The main assumption of the interactional approach to work/family interface is that work domain and family domain are closely intertwined. The interactional approach was further divided into two perspectives: negative and positive. The negative perspective of the interactional approach is represented by role conflict theory, compensation theory, supplemental compensation theory, reactive compensation theory, negative spill over theory, crossover theory, spill over-crossover theory, and finally, work-family conflict theory. The positive perspective of the interactional approach is represented by the following: role accumulation theory, enrichment theory, positive spill over theory, enhancement theory, and facilitation theory. In the closing part of the present study we discussed possibilities for future development. We proposed three potential alternatives, which are: creation, integration, and classification.
3

Identyfikowanie płci i ocenianie szefów na podstawie ich autoprezentacji, dokonywane przez osoby z rożnym doświadczeniem zawodowym

80%
Elżbieta S.
Psychologia Społeczna
|
2008
|
vol. 3
|
issue 2(7)
151-166
EN
Candidates for jobs usually present themselves by writing their CVs and by emphasizing their strong sides. This study investigated the extent to which modest or boastful, stereotype-consistent or stereotype-inconsistent self-presentations of male and female candidates for the role of managers are effective and create a favorable impression upon employees. Participants were males and females, differing in their professional experience: students vs. persons employed in stereotype-consistent i.e. feminine or masculine, or gender neutral jobs. Participants were asked to identify gender of potential employers and judge attractiveness and usefulness for a position of a manager of male and female candidates who presented themselves either in the boastful or in the modest way and who emphasized either their competences or interpersonal skills. Both age and gender of participants affected their judgments. students showed a stronger tendency than employed persons to judge the prospective managers on the basis of stereotypical traits, and women judged a female who boasted in the instrumental area as less suitable for the role of manager than men did. Candidates who were boastful in the interpersonal area were selected for the role of manager more often than those who were boastful in the instrumental area, and this was independent of the sex and age of participants.
4
Content available remote

THE CONDITIONS OF PARENTHOOD IN ORGANISATIONS: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON

80%
Krizkova A., Marikova H., Dudova R., Sloboda Z.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2009
|
vol. 45
|
issue 3
519-548
EN
The paper focuses on organisations and the conditions for working parents in terms of combining work and care and how those conditions are set up and negotiated in organisations. The research draws on three case studies comparing pairs of companies active in the Czech Republic and in one of the following countries - Germany, France, and Sweden - in the field of engineering. The goal is to explore in depth the conditions that Czech working parents are faced with and that derive from the organisational processes and means and dynamics of negotiating conditions for working parents, and to compare them with the conditions in other countries and identify the sources of variability of these conditions. Important differences between a company's family-friendly practices in its home country and in its Czech branches are primarily determined by the differences in the way in which welfare regimes are set up in individual countries. In addition, the authors identify the following five main interlinked factors explaining the variability of family-friendly policies and practices in organisations: parental (maternity) ideologies, the organisational culture of non-discrimination and equal opportunities, the actors' activity in work relations, the role of trade unions in negotiations, and the given organisation's experience with employees-parents.
5

KONFLIKT PRÁCA-RODINA, POZITÍVNE PREŽÍVANIE A PREFERENCIA HODNOTOVÝCH TYPOV

80%
Naser K.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2012
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
-
EN
In the presented study we focus on the research on the work-family conflict using ESS data from Round 2. We deal with the group of Slovak working respondents with family responsibilities (N=193). In the introduction we briefly define work-family conflict and its predictors, then values, particularly human values according to the Schwartz theory and their relationship to work-family conflict. Results of this research indicate that work interference with family (WIF) was more prevalent than family interference with work (FIW). There were no significant gender differences in either of the directions of the conflict. When we compared groups with low and high levels of WIF, we found significant differences only in well-being. These two groups significantly differed also in some types of values, such as power, achievement, self-direction and safety.
6
Content available remote

THE SECOND CONGRESS OF POLISH SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES ABROAD - A REPORT (II Kongres Polskich Towarzystw Naukowych na Obczyznie - sprawozdanie)

80%
Napierala P.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2009
|
vol. 35
|
issue 2(132)
75-92
EN
The text is a report on 'The Second Congress of Polish Scientific Societies Abroad'. The Congress took place in Kraków, Poland from September 4 to September 7, 2008. The Congress was organized by the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences (PAU), the Krakow branch of the 'Wspólnota Polska' (Polish Community) association of Jagiellonian University and AGH University of Science and Technology. The aim of the Congress was to present the work and achievements of Polish scientific societies abroad, as well as to discuss some of their problems, and enable cooperation between Polish scholars working in Poland and abroad. The Congress was opened by the President of PAU, Professor Andrzej Bialas who welcomed many prominent guests, including the Prime Minister of Poland, Donald Tusk. It was divided into several thematic sessions related to such issues as: changes in Polish migration patterns, new emigration, changes in Polish diaspora communities, and problems of Polish scientific organizations abroad. Additionally, there was a symposium regarding Polish engineers in Poland and abroad, which took place at AGH Conference Center. The report gives an overview of the papers presented by the speakers and mentions additional cultural events organized for the participants.
7
Content available remote

RILKE AUS ZWEITER HAND

80%
Stahl A.
World Literature Studies
|
2012
|
vol. 4 (21)
|
issue 4
63 – 74
EN
Rilke´s life and work: both are widely available, useable and insightfully presented in detailed accounts of his life and in editions of his works, in an inclusive Chronik and Rilke-Handbuch, in translations and scholarly research. But one meets him also by chance, casually, usually second-hand, in biographies, reminiscences, novels and tattoos as the embodiment of a calling, as a helpful mediator, deliverer and liberating messenger. Our discussion should centre upon such readings and interpretations of Rilke´s work.
8

ETHOS OF WORK IN UPPER SILESIA. TRADITION, CURRENT PICTURE AND CHANGES (Etos pracy na Górnym Slasku. Tradycja, wspólczesne oblicze i zmiany)

80%
Swadzba U.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2009
|
issue 4(195)
167-190
EN
The article presents the changes that occurred in ethos of work in the area of Upper Silesia. Firstly theoretical frame of ethos of work along with its definition are stated in order to create a basis for the empirical analysis to follow. Secondly, the authoress presents the genesis of a specific Silesian ethos of work and the evolution of this throughout the interwar period continuing throughout the period of real socialism. The analysis of the contemporary ethos of work is based on empirical research conducted by the authoress in 2008 compared with previous research in the area. A group of 16 statements in reference to EVS research formed the basis for this analysis. The results show that work is a very important value for people living in Upper Silesia. Its importance increased particularly for women, who wanted to fulfill themselves through work. The value of work in the eyes of the young generation has also changed - material aspect of work, creativity and self-fulfillment are all held in high esteem. Apart from work, young people also view free-time as very important.
9
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

PRACA IMPERATYWEM KSZTAŁTOWANIA DOJRZAŁEJ OSOBOWOŚCI CZŁOWIEKA

80%
KLUZ M.
Studia Ełckie
|
2014
|
vol. 16
|
issue 3
375-390
EN
Work and education plays an important role in shaping the life of very person. Thanks to it a man perfects himself, gains the means to life, and learns how to sacrifice for others. Work makes people realize their value. It unfolds in all dimensions of human life: somatic, emotional, mental, spiritual and moral. For this reason, it is impossible to separate from it the operation and process of education. Education is an essential aid in the discovery of man's possibilities. Responsibility and work for functioning education is always carried out in a social context, and produces some specific environments of formation in the community. Natural educational environment is that of family, school, workplace and other institutions. The impact of the participation, interactions and role models is characteristic for all these groups. The human existence and society depends on the proper work in the field of education.
10

SOME QUESTIONS ON THE WAGE THEORY (Pytania o teorie plac)

80%
Jacukowicz Z.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
|
2009
|
vol. 12
103-120
EN
The article presents the issue of wages and discusses the modern theory of wages. It refers to the problems of defining wages, of determining and measuring the value of work and of the wage justice. The keynote of the article is the criticism of the Universal Basic Income. The authoress rejects the assumption that the market itself shapes the level of wages, as well as the idea of limiting wage policy to the public sector.
11

Wolność podstawowym prawem człowieka w społecznym nauczaniu Jana Pawła II

80%
Kantor R.
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
|
2011
|
issue 2(5)
101-112
EN
The paper-based on John Paul II’s three encyclicals: Laborem exercens, Sollicitudo rei socialis, Centesimus annus – undertakes the issue of defense of human freedom, which is the founding block of all human rights. Human freedom and personal dignity can be ensured only by the Gospel, which rejects any bondage or captivity, and preaches human rights. It should become the essential criterion in shaping a state policy as well as in evaluating ideologies, political systems and action programs. To begin with, the issue of freedom is presented as a basic human right. Next, the issue of freedom with reference to the spiritual life and, more generally, to the right to life, is analyzed. Finally, the issue of the relation between freedom and economic activity is raised, where the right to work and the right to unite are given ample consideration.
12

LABOUR AND DEVELOPMENT: WHAT CAN BE LEARNT FROM THE NORDIC MODEL (Praca i rozwój: jakie lekcje mozna wyciagnac z 'modelu skandynawskiego')

80%
Wahl A.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
|
2009
|
vol. 12
145-165
EN
The article analyses the roots of the welfare state as a social model developed in particular historical context. It also questions the simplified concepts of the welfare state, refers to the genesis of the crisis of the Scandinavian model and presents the consequences of the neoliberal offensive - such as 'brutalistation of work' - eroding its key achievements. It recommends the labour movement to: defend the welfare state achievements, to fight against the international institutionalization of neo-liberalism, as well as for the democratization and further development of social services/institutions in joint efforts of consumers and the producers.
13

ZNIŽOVANIE KONFLIKTU PRÁCA – RODINA PROSTREDNÍCTVOM RÔZNYCH ZDROJOV SOCIÁLNEJ OPORY

70%
Ištoňová L.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2015
|
vol. 18
|
issue 1
-
EN
An effort to fully understand the interface of work-family conflict and social support can be observed in the psychological research for more than three decades. This study explored relationship between different sources of social support and work-family conflict in its both directions and three forms. Work-family conflict was measured by the Work-family conflict scale (Carlson, Kacmar, Williams, 2000), whereas social support was measured by twelve items constructed for the purposes of the present study. The data were collected via on-line questionnaire during the period of two-months (October 2013 – November 2013). The sample comprised of 100 participants both female (n=64) and male (n=36), working full-time, married and had one or more children. For women the results suggested that the only effective support that significantly reduces work-family is social support obtained from direct supervisor. Specifically supervisory support reduced perceived work interference with family caused by strain. For men the results indicated that collegial support significantly reduced work interference with family and vice versa in its behavioural aspect. Furthermore supervisory support significantly decreased work interference with family. However at the same time supervisory support increased family interference with work. Finally both spouse and broad family support significantly reduced family interference with work for men. This study contributes to enhanced understanding of the relationships between social support and work-family conflict in our region.
14

SATISFYING WORK AND ITS PURPOSE IN MEN'S LIVES: POSITIVE ASPECTS OF A PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP

70%
Mróz B.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
|
2011
|
vol. 9
|
issue 1
109-128
EN
At present, a satisfying, secure job which corresponds to our education is for some of us a normal, logical consequence of our choices made at school, while for others it is an unattainable luxury. What inspired me to explore this topic was my observation of various professional circles and different levels of satisfaction with everyday professional duties, noticeable to a casual observer. I assumed that people working in their field will achieve a high level of the sense of the meaning of life and experience lower depression levels than people performing random jobs, including casual ones. The issue examined was whether, and to what extent, the choice of work influences one's sense of the meaning of life and depression level. It turned out that people working in their field feel greater job satisfaction than those working in other fields or performing casual work. Their job, which meets their interests, is connected with important elements of their life and with their interests in a given field, sometimes having developed from their childhood. The practical conclusions arising from my research may be particularly significant for psychological prevention, upbringing, and education, fields seemingly distant from problems of the adult professional life.
15

PRÁCE A DÍLO. LEVINAS, ARENDTOVÁ A MARXISMUS

70%
Bierhanzl J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2017
|
vol. 72
|
issue 1
46 – 53
EN
The article explores the relationship between labour and work in Levinas, taking into consideration Arendt’s understanding of action as well as the Marxist conception of labour. The sections dealing with the concept of work in Levinas’ Totality and Infinity offer a roughly reproduction of the Marxist dichotomy creation/self-creation: on one hand there is the claim to the unity of labour and expression; on the other hand there is an alienated labour with this unity broken. Here the works are commodities and workers dishonoured and, what is more, exploited. Thus the reader is left with following questions: What is the true reason of breaking this fundamental bond of a person with herself/himself? How precisely this break is accomplished?
16

SOCIAL POLICY IN INTEGRATING EUROPE - BETWEEN SECURITY AND UNCERTAINTY (Polityka spoleczna w integrujacej sie Europie - miedzy bezpieczenstwem a niepewnoscia)

61%
Zamorska K.
Nauki Społeczne
|
2011
|
issue 1(3)
41-55
EN
This article aims at presenting the factors which disrupt the specific order of the social policy prevailing for a long time in post-war Europe. The first part of the work discusses those values and standards which compose the European social model. Security, to which the Europeans attach great significance, is its fundamental feature. Next, the factors damaging this structure are presented. The example of work and education has served as an illustration of new forms of inequality. The entire work leads to a conclusion that the nation-states cannot efficiently conduct social policy which does not include the solutions on the European Union level. However, this should not mean blind acceptance of all propositions of Euro bureaucrats.
17

SOCIÁLNE A OSOBNÉ ČINITELE VNÍMANIA BEZPEČIA V PRÁCI V DÁTACH EWCS 2010

61%
Výrost J.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2012
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
-
EN
Personal safety and security in society are questions which are in the long term of interest to specialist and laymen alike. To this broad area belongs the study of objective conditions of work safety and perceived safety in the workplace. In this article we direct attention to the analysis of selected social (e.g. education, age, gender) and personal (e.g. work satisfaction, well-being) factors relating to the perceived work safety. The 5-th European Work Conditions Survey (EWCS 2010) data were used, in which 43 816 respondents from 34 countries took part.
18

VÝNIMKY A OBMEDZENIA AUTORSKÉHO PRÁVA Z POHĽADU KNIŽNÍC VO SVETLE ZMIEN AUTORSKÉHO ZÁKONA

61%
Bačárová R.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
|
2013
|
vol. 96
|
issue 5
528 – 542
EN
The article provides an overview of the European rules which are dedicated to the creation of a single digital market of the European Union with particular regard to the position and role of libraries in this process. It discusses the current amendments to the Copyright Act which have also amended the legal license that regulates the use of a work by the library or an archive. It points out the unresolved problems of libraries related to the use of book covers and tables of contents of the Works included in the library on-line catalogues. The article analyses the legal nature of the objects of legal protection used by libraries in their on-line catalogues and deals with the issues of works reproduction and making available to the public.
19

ANALYSIS OF LABOUR COSTS OF TRADITIONAL AND FLEXIBLE EMPLOYMENT MODES IN RELATION TO WORK EFFICIENCY IN POLAND AND OTHER EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES (Polish title - below)

61%
Banasik P.
Pieniądze i Więź
|
2010
|
vol. 13
|
issue 1(46)
74-83
EN
(Title in Polish - 'Analiza kosztów pracy w ramach zatrudnienia tradycyjnego i elastycznego w relacji do wydajnosci pracy w Polsce oraz innych krajach Unii Europejskiej'). Achievement of higher rates of work efficiency in the Middle-Eastern Europe countries can be reached by creating new workplaces and reducing the unemployment in traditional sectors, being capable of absorbing IT and telecommunication innovations created abroad. It also seems that in long-term time period it is most profitable to invest in human capital. Investments in human capital increase work efficiency, generate raise of employees' income, as well as entrepreneurs' and even countries', and in the end lead to reduction of labour costs. In this area entrepreneurs, as well as the governments should stimulate employees to self-education and increasing professional qualifications which facilitate performance of changing duties. As a result it can enable employees to adapt to changing demands of the labour market. Of course, the assumptions of the 'Green Book' referring to modernization of labour law in order to come up to the challenges of 21st century, are right. Apart from investments in human capital in Poland, it seems that further increase of flexibility on the labour market is necessary. Strict law in employment protection area decreases the dynamics of labour market and worsens employee's prospects. As it was underlined in European Commission's report on employment in Europe in 2006, unintended deregulation of labour market leads to segmentation of labour market and decreases the efficiency of employees. That is why it seems necessary to, at least partially, leave strict frames of traditional employment mode and regulate this area only in necessary range. Such actions can lead to improvement in work efficiency since it is typical - as the researches carried out by the author of this article have shown - that using the flexible employment mode by the entrepreneurs leads to increase in work efficiency.
20

Voshozhdenie k Utopii, ili uroki odnogo sotsialno-ekonomicheskogo eksperimenta

61%
Melnyk L. G.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2012
|
vol. 2 (56)
37-45
EN
The paper considers some of the issues of the existence and development of the Krestovozdvizhensk labour brotherhood of N. Nepluiev. The issues of faith, the existence of a single "soul", sin overcome, an act of faith, love and work in the Brotherhood are considered.
first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.