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1

TAKING CARE TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF SILESIAN HANDICRAFT IN 19TH CENTURY AND THE FIRST DECADES OF 20TH CENTURY (IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EXIBITIONS OF CRAFT AND INDUSTRY ORGANIZED IN WROCLAW) (Polish title below)

100%
Zwierz M.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2010
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vol. 65
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issue 3
EN
(Polish title: Troska o poprawe jakosci slaskich produktów oraz wyrobów rekodzieła w XIX i pierwszej polowie XX w. (w kontekscie organizowanych we Wroclawiu wystaw rzemiosla i przemyslu)) The people of Wroclaw and Silesia participated in many world and national exhibitions of different kinds to present their products. They brought home awards and latest news. And at the same time, as the people of other neighboring cities, like Prague, Brno, Leipzig, Dresden or Poznan, they organized the exhibitions to promote local, Silesian products. Lasting many months exhibitions of crafts and industry, where almost all domains of production were presented, differed from branch exhibitions that lasted only several days. Individual parts of these exhibitions were commented widely and described in the local press. The advantages of products were praised and defects - criticized. The exhibitions guaranteed information and entertainment, which, but were also a form of advertising for producers and helped to develop many branches of economy. Assembled in a small space commodities of various kinds enabled the audience to alleviate their curiosity of the world, earlier, in a big measure, hidden and inaccessible for them. The interest was fostered by the mentioned press reports, lotteries or concerts and visits of celebrities, as well as prizes awarded to producers. Exhibitions were also an opportunity to present new architectonic concepts and interior designs. There are some examples: in 1881 'deutsches Wohnhaus' by C. Schmidt, in 1904 a model family house by H. Poelzig, in 1913 house with garden presented during the new exhibition in the Szczytniki district of Wroclaw. In 1929 an exhibition of great multiregional meaning 'Wohnung und Werkraum' (WUWA) made by Werkbund was presented in the same place. An Exhibition of the Recovered Territories (WZO) organized with great effort in 1948, that had a political and propaganda character, was also an opportunity to present Polish products and modern solutions as for exhibition methods of a state raising from the ruins of war.
2

THE NEW CITY SLAUGHTERHOUSE IN WROCLAW 1896-1999 (Wroclawska nowa rzeznia miejska 1896-1999)

80%
Ostrowska M.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2010
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vol. 65
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issue 3
357-364
EN
The time of construction (1896) and demolition (1999) of the city slaughterhouse in Wroclaw are not only final dates, but also symbolic moments in the history of the city. In 1896 the old slaughterhouse, that operated incessantly in densely built-up Old Town area since the Middle Ages, was closed. The way of slaughtering held there, in conditions far from contemporary standards, as well as animals forced into the place, made every day life of neighbors unpleasant and poisoned soil and ground waters in the area. The modern slaughterhouse of animals worked in perfect sanitary conditions. It guaranteed that the inhabitants would be supplied with meat of a high quality. The second date, 1999, is not connected with a change as good as the previous one. Despite numerous protests, historic buildings of the old slaughterhouse were demolished in order to clear the area for future construction. The idea to adapt the old buildings was not taken into consideration, though such solutions were already known in Europe. Therefore this date remains a disgraceful decision in the history of Wroclaw.
3

TOWARDS THE EMANCIPATION. THE BRESLAU ASSOCIATION FOR THE EDUCATION OF WOMEN WITH THE INTENTION TO SUPPORT THEIR ABILITY TO EARN (1866-1916) (Na drodze do emancypacji. Dzialalnosc wroclawskiego stowarzyszenia na rzecz ksztalcenia kobiet dla wspierani

80%
Kulak T.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2010
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vol. 65
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issue 3
343-355
EN
The author presents the activity of the Breslau Association for Educating of Women with the intention to Support their Ability to Earn (Frauenbildungs-Verein zur Förderung der Erwerbsfähigkeit), was a socially important initiative of women from the city elite. The purpose of the association, founded on the 5th of February, 1866, was to create an institutional system of professional education for girls and women from the local society. Indigent girls after graduating from primary schools (from the age of 14), within the program of extra education (Fortbildungsschule) were prepared to practice many professions - both traditional ones of cook or washerwoman, and new ones as typesetter, shoemaker, tailor, photographer. Extra courses were provided for women from the age of 18, who graduated from secondary schools for girls (Hoehere Maedchenschule). They could learn accountancy, foreign languages and stenography, e.g. everything that was required for clerical work and trading. Classes at professional schools and at extra courses took place three times every week in the afternoon. Girls who graduated from Mittelschule (a level between primary schools and secondary schools) could continue learning at the Institute for Babysitters and Educators (Institut der Kinderpflegerinnen und Erzieherinnen) and at the Seminar for the Teachers of Manual Needlework (Handarbeitenlehrerinnen-Seminar). All forms of education required only a small fee. In 1901 the association celebrated its 35th anniversary. Then it was counted that 21131 girls and women completed its schools and courses, and found a job and stabilization in life. The lack of sources makes it impossible to research the full scope of the association's activity which after 50 years of existing, in 1916 - because of the war and general poverty - ended its existence.
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