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Kasa Imienia Józefa Mianowskiego (1881–1951)

100%
Hübner P.
Nauka Polska. Jej Potrzeby, Organizacja i Rozwój
|
2021
|
vol. XXX (LV)
133-143
EN
The article contains a „portrait” of the former Józef Mianowski Fund. It is presented in chronological order, but also takes into account the problematic division and the dependence of the Fund’s fate on the course of historical events. It was a social institution of scientific patronage, established in the period of the enslavement of Polish lands by the partitioning powers, operating in the realities of the Second Polish Republic and in the post-war period of „building the foundations of socialism”. Despite its social nature, the activities of the Mianowski Fund were blocked and then liquidated by the communist authorities. The achievements of the Fund have always been appreciated by the Polish academic community.
PL
Artykuł zawiera opracowany źródłowo „portret” dawnej Kasy imienia Józefa Mianowskiego. Ujęty jest w porządku chronologicznym, ale uwzględnia też podział problemowy oraz uzależnienie losów Kasy od biegu zdarzeń historycznych. Była to instytucja społeczna mecenatu naukowego, powstała w okresie zniewolenia ziem polskich przez zaborców, działająca w realiach II Rzeczypospolitej i w okresie powojennej „budowy podstaw socjalizmu”. Mimo społecznego charakteru, działalność Kasy Mianowskiego została zablokowana, a następnie zlikwidowana przez władze komunistyczne. Dorobek Kasy zawsze doceniało polskie środowisko akademickie.
2

Państwowe Muzeum Zoologiczne wobec powstania Polskiej Akademii Nauk: droga do powołania Instytutu Zoologicznego PAN

70%
Zabłocki W.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2020
|
vol. 65
|
issue 4
81–98
EN
The State Zoological Museum, established in 1928, inherited and developed the legacy of the Zoological Cabinet of the University of Warsaw (existing since 1818). The Cabinet’s collection had been gathered for decades and belonged to eminent personages not only in Poland but also in Europe. The Museum and its collections were threatened many times: first by a great fire in 1935, then by the German attack on Warsaw in 1939 and subsequent occupation, as well as by the outbreak of the Warsaw Uprising and the destruction of the city. After the post-war reconstruction of the Museum, it was time to function in a new political reality, in which the most significant change for this institution was the establishment of the Polish Academy of Sciences. A planned inclusion of the State Zoological Museum in the structures of the newly-founded Polish Academy of Sciences meant that the scientists had to face a dilemma: in exchange for research funds and career development opportunities, they were expected to show favour to the communists and readiness to implement the idea of socialism. In the background of this process, numerous scientific conferences took place, where controversial visions of the future of biological sciences clashed. This process resulted in the transformation of the State Zoological Museum into the Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
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