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EN
The paper discusses reactions of Russian and Polish (first of all - Warsaw) press to the famous Leo Tolstoy’s escape from Yasnaya Polyana in 1910. A comparison between publications shows that Polish newspapers wrote relatively much and regularly about the event, but interpreted it in a different way than the Russian ones. While the Russian press explained Tolstoy’s escape mostly in the context of his beliefs and views, the Polish one clarified the situation through the personality of the writer, as an act of an extraordinary person or a desperate step of a madman or of a pretender (such interpretation was also presented by the Russian conservative press). This fundamental difference in interpretation can be explained first of all by another status, which Tolstoy had between the Russian and Polish people - for the Poles he was mainly not, as in Russia, a moral authority, but an outstanding writer. Tolstoy’s world-view could also play an important role, especially his religious views, and the significance of Catholicism for the Polish people as one of the most important elements of the national identity.
RU
В статье автор пытается доказать, что институты толстого журнала и литературной премии тесно связаны друг с другом. Выходя из описания истории толстых журналов и их места в русском культурном поле, как в прошлом, так и в наши дни, автор указывает, что, не смотря на кризис литературных журналов, их способ и форма существования оказывают влияние на институт литературной премии. Примером такого механизма (приятие и внедрение характерных для толстого журнала черт) является, по мнению автора, литературная премия Ясная Поляна. Из-за этого можно сказать, что литпремия Ясной Поляны представляет собой своего рода толстый журнал.
EN
In this article author claimed that thick journal and institution of literature award are very similar. Author described a history of thick journal in Russia and place occupied by this type of publishing in a modern russian culture field. Regardless of the crisis of thick journal, many journal’s attributes are influent and use by literature awards. Author of the article things that Yasnaya Polyana Book Award is a good example showing this mechanism. As a consequence Yasnaya Polyana is using a journal’s features to create a new type of thick journal.
PL
Artykuł stanowi interpretację serii napisanych przez polskich autorów tekstów, inspirowanych ostatnim, równie słynnym co zagadkowym, epizodem życia Lwa Tołstoja. Są wśród nich, powstałe na przestrzeni stulecia, utwory (wiersze, opowiadania, eseje, powieści, dziennikowe zapiski): Bolesława Leśmiana, Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza, Adolfa Rudnickiego, Leopolda Staffa, Mieczysława Jastruna, Władysława Terleckiego, Zbigniewa Herberta, Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzińskiego, Tadeusza Różewicza. Autor artykułu przedstawia światopoglądowe, historyczno-polityczne, a także osobiste uwarunkowania odczytań ucieczki oraz postaci rosyjskiego pisarza przez polskich twórców – odczytań zaskakująco różnorodnych, często z sobą sprzecznych, niekiedy wchodzących w wyraźne relacje dialogowe. Do najciekawszych utworów należą z pewnością nie znany szerzej szkic Leśmiana oraz grupa tekstów Iwaszkiewicza – pisarza czyniącego z tego tematu (jak widać w świetle niedawno wydanych „Dzienników”) prywatny mit.
XX
The article offers an interpretation of a series of texts composed by Polish writers inspired by as famous as mysterious episode from Leo Tolstoy’s life. Produced over a span of a century, they comprise the pieces (poems, short stories, essays, novels, diarist notes) by Bolesław Leśmian, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, Adolf Rudnicki, Leopold Staff, Mieczysław Jastrun, Władysław Terlecki, Zbigniew Herbert, Gustaw Herling-Grudziński, Tadeusz Różewicz. The author presents the worldview, historical-political as well as personal circumstances of the escape’s and the figure of Tolstoy’s interpretations by Polish writers, the interpretations being amazingly differentiated, often contradictory, oftentimes entering into dialogical relationships. Probably the most interesting of the pieces in question are unknown to a wider public Bolesław Leśmian’s sketch and a set of Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s texts, in which Iwaszkiewicz (as can be seen in the light of his recently published “Diaries”) makes Tolstoy’s escape his private myth.
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