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Soil-geochemical aspects of land use in abandoned land in central Poland

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Harasimiuk A., Tarchalska E., Pałgan A., Szmajda D.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
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2006
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vol. 12
25-30
EN
It is observed increasing of abandoned land in Poland in last decade of 20th century. The part of abandoned land is usually covered by birch tree community. The entrance of birches, especially on pure sandy area, changes properties of soil. The samples of soil horizons, litter in different stages of decomposition and leaves from birch trees, were taken into analysis. The role of birch was analysed also in comparison to arabie land, abandoned land without trees and different ages birch trees communities. After the entrance birch trees soil profiles were enriched in nitrogen and elements such as aluminium, iron, cadmium, lead, cobalt, zinc, which were moved from soil or come from atmospheric load and were accumulated in litter or humus horizon. Compared to arabie land, some elements (for example calcium) had lower concentration under birch trees. After several years without fertilization the relationship between elements were changed. In early stages (until 10 years) in litter horizons potassium prevails calcium, later - calcium prevails potassium . Birch trees made soil environment more natural compared to arable land.
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Soils and chemical cycling of elements after land use changes (case studies)

100%
Harasimiuk A., Mikulska M.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
|
2008
|
vol. 13
145-151
EN
The process of abandonment of arable land seems to be one of the main factors of changes in landscape and soil properties. This problem occurs on nearly 10% of arable land in Poland. The natural aspect of transformation is connected with the entrance of birch trees on uncultivated land and the anthropogenic aspect is associated with pine plantations. In the beginning, the appearance of trees on the former arable land changes soil properties because soil (and plant) is the most dependent component of the natural environment. In this paper, the role of birch and pine was analysed in comparison to arable land, abandoned land without trees and birch tree communities of different age. After the entrance of birch trees, soil profiles were enriched in nitrogen and elements such as aluminium, iron, cadmium, lead, cobalt, zinc, which were moved from the sod horizon of soil or come from the atmospheric load and were accumulated in litter or the humus horizon. Compared to arable land, some elements, e.g. calcium had lower concentration under birch trees. In comparison to cultivated land, birch and pine trees made the soil environment more natural, as expressed in the chemical properties of soil.
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