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EN
Opinion provides an analysis of the admissibility of appeal against the activities of organizational units in relation to the reviewers who do not comply with the statutory deadlines for the preparation of the assessment of scientific achievements. Despite significant negative consequences of the review’s delay to the person pursuing a PhD degree or habilitation there are no legal instruments to ensure the fulfillment of the reviewers obligation to prepare the review within the statutory time limit. The current legal situation requires legislative intervention, because university employees are obligated to obtain a PhD degree within eight years from the date of employment, as a condition of further work at the university. Therefore real guarantees of the conduct of habilitation procedure in the statutory deadlines are necessary.
EN
The constitutional complaint concerns regulations of the Law on Proceedings Before Administrative Courts. The complainant moves for a statement that Article 173 para 1 of that act does not provide a possibility to lodge a cassation appeal against the Supreme Administrative Court’s order on rejection of the claim on for reopening of the proceedings before the SAC. After analysis, it has been assessed that the contested provision conforms to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Moreover, there is no real and direct interest of the complaining company which would be protected by the constitutional complaint directed at stating the unconstitutionality of the indicated provision.
EN
In the author’s opinion the proposed amendments are reasonable and admissible as concerns a legislator’s discretion. Such amendment would lead to making proceedings with petitions more transparent and may eliminate an inconsistency between an obligation to publish a scan of a petition and the lack of such obligation regarding a reply to the petition. Moreover, the author supports reducing the deadline for transferring a petition to a competent entity, e.g. to 14 days.
EN
The opinion deals with the Deputy’s bill submitted in consequence of the adoption of the resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court concerning procedural capacity of the head of commune, mayor and president of town. According to the author, the purpose of the bill is justified and correct, but its provisions are internally inconsistent. The bill introduces changes in legislation by spot method, which deprives the system of consistency and internal logic.
EN
The aim of this article is to present the new model of social work introduced on a pilot basis at the Social Welfare Centre in Bielany district in Warsaw. What is innovative about this model is the way of conducting professional, in-depth social work by a social worker who is not troubled by preparation and payment of social assistance benefits. This solution meets the needs expressed for years, both in the concept of a new law on social assistance and in experts’ opinions, to separate tasks concerning the administrative procedures from the proper social work. In this article I would like to show how the proposed changes have been implemented in current state of law and how the division of tasks performed by social workers functions.
EN
The paper is an English translation of Rozwój ogólnego postępowania administracyjnego by Zbigniew Janowicz published originally in Polish in “Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny” in 1970. The text is published as a part of a jubiliee edition of the “Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review. 100th Anniversary of the Faculty of Law and Administration” devoted to the achievements of the late Professors of the Faculty of Law and Administration of the Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań.
EN
As far as the norms of the Code of Administrative Procedure (CAP) are concerned, there is no other category of entities other than a party to the proceedings who could request the authority’s action or whom the authority’s action might concern, as was the case in the regulation of the President of the Republic of Poland of 1928, preceding the CAP, regulating the institution of the person concerned. In the CAP regulation, in the scope of the category of parties to the proceedings, the legislator distinguished parties with disputed interests. The disputed interest is most often manifested in the fact that one of the parties requests the initiation of proceedings in order to obtain a specific entitlement, and the authority deciding in this regard must do so in such a way as not to infringe on the legal interest of other persons (third parties) who, due to the interest in question, in order to ensure its proper protection, use and enjoy the status of a party in the proceedings. For delimiting the above categories of the parties to proceedings, the doctrine and the case-law assume their division into parties with the so-called main rights and parties with the so-called reflexive rights. In the context of the underlined distinction of both sub-categories of parties to proceedings, the object of the analysis of this study is the question of whether or not, according to the provisions of the CAP, the differentiation of their procedural rights can be made. To this end, it was justified to refer to the institution of repealing or amending a final decision pursuant to Article 155 of the PAC, in view of the positions that are presented in the caselaw of the administrative courts in the context of this provision.
EN
The police process huge amounts of personal data without which they would not be able to carry out their basic tasks. The data processed by the police have a very different nature and scope. Data processing in such large quantities and in such a wide range is associated with great responsibility for its safety. Maintaining a high level of security becomes a challenge when, at the same time, it is necessary to take care of the rights of data subjects. The article contains an overview of administrative decisions issued by the Inspector General for Personal Data Protection (currently: the President of the Personal Data Protection Offi ce) relating to police activities. The issues of the implementation of the rights of data subjects are discussed in three areas, i.e.: sharing information from police resources, deleting data from the National Police Information System, and verifi cation of identity documents.
EN
The paper is an English translation of Z rozważań nad postępowaniem jurysdykcyjnym i pojęciem strony w kodeksie postępowania administracyjnego by Marian Zimmerman published originally in „Księga pamiątkowa ku czci Kamila Stefki” in 1967. The text is published as a part of a section of the Adam Mickiewicz University devoted to the achievements of the Professors of the Faculty of Law and Administration of the Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań.
EN
The gloss is devoted to the problem of the admissibility of validating the maintenance debtor’s behavior in the proceedings to recognize him as evading maintenance obligations in the light of the provisions of the Act of 7 September 2007   on assistance to persons entitled to maintenance. It also deals with the essence of the proceedings regarding the annulment of the decision. Although the court of first instance did not allow such a possibility, the analysis carried out in the paper shows that there are legal grounds for this. The paper concludes that if, after the explanatory proceedings are completed, but before the decision is issued, the maintenance debtor reconsiders and consents to a maintenance interview with  him and for a declaration of assets to be taken from him, the public administration body should take these circumstances into account when making a decision. There was criticism of the thesis that allowing for the validation of behavior contradicts the purpose of the introduced solutions aimed at mobilizing debtors to fulfill their obligations towards those entitled to maintenance. It is pointed out that such an approach from the authorities may have further undesirable consequences, as the effect of issuing a decision on the above-mentioned subject is to initiate separate proceedings regarding the suspension of a driving license. The study also analyzes the way in which the premises for initiating the above proceedings are understood, proposing a different understanding of them. It was concluded that the positive and negative premises for initiating proceedings should be understood by the authority in a functional manner. The position of the Supreme Administrative Court was deemed correct, namely that in nullity proceedings the assessment made by the authority concerns only the examination of whether the decision being contested  is affected by one of the defects specified in the Code of Administrative Procedure.
EN
According to the author, the proposed amendment requires further legislative changes. Introduction of an extended possibility for administrative courts to adjudicate on merits of the case does not violate Article 184 first sentence of the Constitution and is an evidence of a more comprehensive implementation of the constitutional right to a trial (Article 45 (1) of the Constitution). In the authors view, the technical and legal premises of adjudicating by administrative court (provided for in the new Article 145a and in currently existing Article. 154 §2 of the Act should be made uniform in a reforming way. He expresses concern that an assessment requirement (referring to the “nature of the case”) contained in would not encourage administrative courts to issue decisions on merits of the case. Moreover, the author points out that the phrase “circumstances of the case” should be clarified.
PL
W artykule analizowano istotne problemy związane z realizacją obowiązku zachowania terminów maksymalnych w postępowaniu administracyjnym. Podstawowe znaczenie dla poruszanego tu problemu ma tzw. fikcja doręczenia pozwalająca na prowadzenie postępowania mimo przeszkód w skorzystaniu z doręczenia właściwego lub zastępczego. Interesującym przejawem tej instytucji jest możliwość złożenia pisma na okres 14 dni w urzędzie pocztowym lub urzędzie gminy, a adresat jest o tym powiadamiany dwukrotnie informacją pozostawioną w skrzynce oddawczej, a gdy nie jest to możliwe, informację pozostawia się na drzwiach mieszkania, w miejscu pracy, na nieruchomości , której dotyczy postępowanie.
EN
In the article, important issues related to the implementation of the obligation to maintain maximum deadlines in an administrative proceeding were presented. The key meaning for the issue has the so-called service by default which allow for a proceeding to be conducted even though some obstacles occurred during accomplishment of service or substituted service. An interesting display of such case is a possibility of submitting a document for a period of 14 days to a postal office or to a county office, and informing its addressee about the fact by leaving a note in a letter box twice, and when it is not possible, by leaving it on the door of the apartment, the workplace or the real estate being the subject of the given proceedings.
EN
The article attempts to solve problems arising in connection with the applica- tion by the Minister of Finance of the Act of 9 April 1968 on making entries in the land and mortgage register in favour of the Treasury, based on international agreements on the settlement of financial claims. The Act was adopted to regu- late—in the land and mortgage registers—the legal status of real estate taken over by the State Treasury after World War II. However, its laconic nature causes great interpretation difficulties for the aforementioned authority, which on the basis of this Act, is obliged to issue declaratory decisions confirming the transfer of ownership to the Treasury. Substantive settlement in such proceedings is ad- ditionally hindered by views unconfirmed in doctrine and judicature regarding the manner by which the State Treasury takes over ownership of real estate in connection with the international indemnification agreements referred to in the title of the Act agreements. Adiunkt na , LL.M. Heidelberg. Jej zainteresowania naukowe koncentrują się głównie wokół zagadnień postępo - wania administracyjnego i sądowo - administracyjnego krajów niemiecko - języcznych.
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EN
The article presents the issue of a bureaucratic disposal of matters by public administration authorities. The letter of dissatisfaction was introduced into Polish law as early as 1950. It was an expression of a negative attitude towards red tape. The prohibition of a bureaucratic disposal of matters is a guideline for the entire public sector. Bureaucracy is the negative behavior of officials: learned helplessness, routine, prejudices against applicants, assurance, conformism, and excessive formalism. The legislator’s pejorative assessment does not refer to bureaucracy itself, but to red tape as a dysfunction of bureaucracy. Red tape is the result of organizational culture. The article presents the model of Weberian bureaucracy and a critique of it. The provisions obliging officials to act in an fair, impartial, reasonable and proper manner are discussed, and the example is given of proper, open, efficient and independent European Union administration. The tool that determines bureaucracy is the document. The creation of excessive amounts of documents, as a manifestation of bureaucracy (red tape), is closely related to the development of office techniques. However, the development of information technology and the dissemination of electronic communication channels have changed the face of bureaucracy. The direct contact between an official with an applicant is changing into screen-level bureaucracy, with the claimant’s application being handled by the IT system. The official’s discretionary power has Hus been significantly reduced. The development of e-administration eliminates inappropriate actions of officials. However, a new type of bureaucracy is emerging by IT experts. Art. 227 of the Code of Administrative Proceedings can become a protective measure against theformalism of e-government.
EN
This article is a contribution to the discussion on the problem of treating an appraisal report as a piece of evidence in Polish administrative proceedings. The planning fee is determined after the authority has conducted proceedings, if in connection with the adoption of the local plan or its change, the value of the real property increases and the owner or perpetual usufructuary sells the real property. The main piece of evidence in these proceedings is an appraisal report, i.e., a written opinion on the value of the real property, prepared by a property appraiser. The legal nature of the appraisal report, the manner in which it is drawn up, as well as its impact on the outcome of the proceedings are the causes of problems faced by the authorities of the village, town or city.
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EN
The paper is an English translation of “Uwagi o doskonaleniu postępowania administracyjnego” by Zbigniew Janowicz published originally in Państwo i Prawo in 1978. The text is published as a part of a section of the Adam Mickiewicz University devoted to the achievements of the Professors of the Faculty of Law and Administration of the Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań.
EN
This disputable issue was regulated in the provisions of the Act on Arms and Ammunition. The article contains numerous references to the jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court and provincial (voivodeship) administrative courts. The author presented the administrative solutions to this issue and presented controversial and doubtful regulations. The presented de lege ferenda conclusions are aimed at introducing a precise and compatible procedure for approving shooting range regulations by the head of a commune, mayor or president of a city, in order to eliminate discretion in this respect.
EN
The primary duty of the Internal Security Agency is to ensure the security of the country. The Internal Security Agency has many responsibilities that it implements on the basis of different procedures, one of which is the Code of Administrative Procedure. This act is used in proceedings conducted by the head of the Internal Security Agency in matters of protection of classified information and in matters relating to social security officers.
PL
Zgodnie z obowiązującym porządkiem prawnym, Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (ABW) ma obowiązek posługiwania się procedurami opisanymi w aktach normatywnych i wewnętrznych regulacjach. Jedną z nich jest postępowanie administracyjne ogólne zawarte w kodeksie postępowania administracyjnego (kpa). Z uwagi na specyfikę zagadnień oraz specjalność organu prowadzącego postępowanie, ustawodawca zdecydował, że postępowania administracyjne prowadzone przez szefa ABW będą opierały się przede wszystkim na regulacjach zawartych w aktach normatywnych odrębnych, a kpa będzie jedynie elementem uzupełniającym, ale niezwykle istotnym, gdyż gro instytucji procesowych jest zaczerpniętych właśnie z tego kodeksu.
PL
Stroną postępowania administracyjnego jest każdy, czyjego interesu prawnego lub obowiązku dotyczy postępowanie albo kto żąda czynności organu ze względu na swój interes prawny lub obowiązek (art. 28 k.p.a.). Dla osoby nieobecnej wyznacza się przedstawiciela, o ile przedstawiciel nie został już wyznaczony. Z wnioskiem o wyznaczenie takiego przedstawiciela występuje do sądu organ administracji publicznej (art. 34 § 1 k.p.a.).
EN
Pursuant to the Code of Administrative Proceedings, any person with legal interest or obligation in the proceedings, or any person demanding activities of the body due to their legal interest or obligation, is a party to the administrative proceedings (Art. 28). A representative is appointed for an absent person, if such a representative has not been designated before. A public administration body files a motion for appointing such a representative to a common court (Art. 34 § 1). The representative for an absent party of administrative proceedings is submitted pursuant to Art. 34 § 1) of the Code of Administrative Proceedings and the representative is appointed pursuant to Art. 184 of the Family and Guardianship Code. The administrator appointed by the court for replacing the absent party in administrative proceedings, is a material law administrator. However, the scope of their rights is limited to procedural activity in the administrative proceedings in question on behalf of the party for which it was appointed and with immediate consequences for this party.
EN
On 1 June 2017, a major amendment to the Code of Administrative Procedure came into force. The article deals with mediation incorporated into the Code as a new institution of administrative proceedings. The authors presented the advantages and disadvantages of mediation in public matters and discussed the theoretical foundations of this construction. They analysed the effectiveness of the mediation conducted in the proceedings before the administrative courts, pointing that entrusting mediation to professional mediators (by amending the Act of 7 April 2017) was justified. The new regulation provides for mediation that is voluntary, secret, and conducted by an impartial mediator. The amending act does not specify the preferred mediation strategies, leaving this issue to the mediators, but the analysis of the content of the new provisions leads to the conclusion that the evaluative type of mediation is the leading one. The amended provision of Article 13 § 1 of the Code allows mediation in any matter, provided its the nature is sufficiently suitable. In the Authors’ opinion, mediation should be allowed especially in matters that need to be resolved basing on the administrative discretion and in matters whose settlement requires the interpretation of terms that are not specified. In the authors opinion, mediation may be an effective instrument for eliminating administrative disputes but requires proper preparation of the clerks involved.
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