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PL
Celem badań własnych było poszukiwanie rodzinnej etiologii destruktywnych i konstruktywnych strategii radzenia sobie dorastającej młodzieży w sytuacjach społecznego konfliktu tkwiącej w postawach wychowawczych rodziców. W badaniach posłużono się kwestionariuszem PCR forma III Roe-Siegelman do badania percepcji postaw rodzicielskich i kwestionariuszem stylu rozwiązywania konfliktów (KSRK) w opracowaniu T.Wacha. Badania empiryczne przeprowadzono w szkołach gimnazjalnych we Wrocławiu. Objęły one 126 adolescentów (68 dziewczynek i 58 chłopców) w wieku 14-15 lat. W świetle przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, iż destruktywny sposób reagowania młodzieży na napięcie emocjonalne powstające w sytuacjach społecznego konfliktu, kształtują niewłaściwe postawy wychowawcze, charakteryzujące się uczuciowym dystansem i uczuciową koncentracją matek i ojców w stosunku do dorastającego dziecka. Ponadto przedstawione rezultaty badań wskazują, że pozytywne relacje emocjonalne w rodzinie przepełnione akceptacją, ciepłem uczuciowym, otwartość rodziców na sprawy dziecka, uznanie swobody do aktywności oraz przejawianie szacunku dla jego indywidualności wraz z unikaniem przesadnej dyscypliny, rygoru wyposażają dziecko w konstruktywne strategie, które sprawiają, że potrafi ono racjonalnie przezwyciężać sytuacje konfliktowe.
EN
The purpose of the self study was to search for the family etiology of destructive and constructive coping strategies of adolescents stuck in the educational attitudes of their parents in social conflict situations. The study made use of the questionnaire Roe-Siegelman PCR Form III to study the perception of parental attitudes and the conflict resolution style questionnaire (CRSQ) developed by T. Wach. Empirical studies have been conducted in secondary schools in Wroclaw. These included 126 adolescents (68 girls and 58 boys) aged 14-15. In view of the performed studies it has been determined that the destructive ways of the youth responding to emotional tension arising in social conflict situations shape incorrect educative attitudes characterized by emotional distance and emotional attentiveness of mothers and fathers in relation to their adolescent child. In addition, the presented results of the study indicate that positive emotional relationships in the family filled with acceptance, emotional warmth, openness of parents to child’s affairs, recognition of the freedom of activity and manifestation of respect for their individuality with the avoidance of excessive discipline, rigor equip the child with constructive strategies that make them able to rationally overcome conflict situations.
EN
The interest in intelligence construct operationalization is reflected in construction upon new intelligence concepts analyzing it in a wider social context. This scientific study offers the theoretical and empirical analysis of a newly created construct of moral intelligence. Moral intelligence concept was founded in the Multiple Intelligence Theory of H. Gardner (1985), being followed by L. Kuckovsky, A. Dobrin, V. Di Norcia and others in historical-philosophical-evolution-theological context, by D. Lennick, F. Kiel, C. Veach and others in successful management context and by A. Hass, M. Borba, R. Coles, J. Bradshaw and others in school-counselling context. Subsequently moral intelligence is defined as an individual's ability to solve ethical problems ethically right. The application of ethical principles in successful business management formed a theoretical base for moral intelligence characterized by D. Lennick a F. Kiel (2008). They created also a self-report questionnaire Moral Competence Inventory (MCI) to assess personal moral competences as a base of moral intelligence. The study provides the results of psychometrical properties (factor structure and reliability in the sense of inner consistency and test-retest result stability) of the Slovak, the only available, questionnaire for moral intelligence assessment at a chosen adolescent research sample (N=209). It also analyses the differences in total moral intelligence level and two newly extracted factors (personal and social moral competences) in relation to gender, age and religious believes referring to the fact the MCI authors presupposed that there is no relation between moral competences and demographic factors (gender, age, nationality or religion, 2005). The findings prove the significant differences in the overall level of moral intelligence (p≤0,01) and in factors of personal (Standing up for what is right (Courage), p≤0,01) and social (Helping others (Service), p≤0,01 and Actively caring about others (Kindness and Friendliness), p≤0,001) moral competences in favor of girls and in personal moral factors (Telling the truth (Honesty), Standing up for what is right (Courage) and Keeping promises (Trustworthy), p≤0,01) in favor of older students (confirmed also by Cohen's effect size measure) assessed by the Slovak version of MCI questionnaire with its sufficient reliability (test-retest result stability (0,591≤R≤0,745) and inner consistency of two extracted factors (0,70≤α)). There were no significant differences between two groups of religious and non-religious ones in their moral competences, besides expected declared religious interest of believers in Recognizing spiritual needs (Faith and reverence) factor (p≤0,001). The study is being considered as a pilot study for further psychometrical property verification of the MCI Slovak version by other validating researches to prove the legitimacy of this questionnaire usage for psychological diagnostic purposes.
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