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EN
Outdoor and adventure education in Poland is still developing and begins to function outside the community of practitioners. Polish researchers mostly rely on the English-language studies, which are based on the British and American experiences, but they fail to notice that the Czech achievements are comparable to the ones in western countries. Moreover, experiences of Poland’s southern neighbours are closer to ours, and thus – the methods used may be more relevant to the Polish conditions. The article describes the development and current state of the outdoor and adventure education as a science in the Czech Republic and presents the achievements of the main centre, ‘PŠL’, which initiates most activities in this field. The study asks questions about the sources of the Czech experience education, terminology, as well as developed methods and techniques of activities.
EN
Bungee jumping is a global phenomenon and is an important sector of the adventure tourism market, acknowledged as an iconic form of hard adventure. Commercial operators are located in North and South America, Asia, Europe and Australasia. In Africa, commercial bungee jumping takes place in Uganda, Zambia and South Africa. This paper fills a gap in the international literature by firstly providing an overview of the global bungee industry, and secondly locating the South African bungee jumping sector within it. Thus, the supply side of the market is analysed geographically, with a focus on iconic, African and South African jump sites. The study found that bungee jumping takes on a similar form across the globe, notably, a high staff to client ratio; the need for strict safety measures; the provision of additional adventure activities on or near the site and the sale of souvenirs. The paper presents the hither to unknown commercial signature of bungee jumping. Finally, the case for South Africa’s commercial bungee jumping industry as a globally being globally competitive one is presented.
PL
Outdoor and adventure education in Poland is still developing and begins to function outside the community of practitioners. Polish researchers mostly rely on the English-language studies, which are based on the British and American experiences, but they fail to notice that the Czech achievements are comparable to the ones in western countries. Moreover, experiences of Poland’s southern neighbours are closer to ours, and thus – the methods used may be more relevant to the Polish conditions. The article describes the development and current state of the outdoor and adventure education as a science in the Czech Republic and presents the achievements of the main centre, ‘PŠL’, which initiates most activities in this field. The study asks questions about the sources of the Czech experience education, terminology, as well as developed methods and techniques of activities.
EN
Using a simple narrative technique, Panaït Istrati is an excellent painter of the Balkans and, above all, he is the friendship seeker. Our study starts from an interrogation: What makes the main character, Adrien Zograffi, wander from one place to another? Is there his taste of adventure or any ideal? The two parts of the work describe several important moments from the volume The Youth of Adrien Zograffi, where Romanians, Greeks and other nations from a Romanian town near the Danube share their happiness and their sadness.
EN
The occurrence of neoplastic disease is a serious and unsuccessful change in a man’s life situation. Support in coping with neoplastic disease is therapeutic education that is understood as allowing patients to acquire skills to recognize in themselves the internal forces and resources to fight the disease, to cope with emotions, to have constructive communication, to find the sense of illness. Helpful in achieving these objectives can be adventure education, which assumes that change can be achieved through direct and intentional contact with challenge, adventure and experience. The article presents qualitative research conducted among 20 cancer patients who participated in the workshop with the use of adventure. The study shows that participation in adventure education is conducive to looking at disease from a distance and promotes better coping with it. It also leads to the sick person’s amazement with the world, curiosity about life and other people, joy of small things and desire to enter into direct contact with nature.
PL
The occurrence of neoplastic disease is a serious and unsuccessful change in a man’s life situation. Support in coping with neoplastic disease is therapeutic education that is understood as allowing patients to acquire skills to recognize in themselves the internal forces and resources to fight the disease, to cope with emotions, to have constructive communication, to find the sense of illness. Helpful in achieving these objectives can be adventure education, which assumes that change can be achieved through direct and intentional contact with challenge, adventure and experience. The article presents qualitative research conducted among 20 cancer patients who participated in the workshop with the use of adventure. The study shows that participation in adventure education is conducive to looking at disease from a distance and promotes better coping with it. It also leads to the sick person’s amazement with the world, curiosity about life and other people, joy of small things and desire to enter into direct contact with nature.
EN
Popularity of horror story for adult readers contributed to the fact that in the years 2000-2015 increased a number of children’s books referring to the horror novel and incredible story. The transfer of formula is connected with the repetition of motifs, parody, using the gallery of monsters. Children’s heroes of horror for immature audience are confronted with anxiety represented by monsters, experiencing numerous adventures, oscillating between horror and comic. New experiences lead to gain valuable skills and meeting with monsters leads to self -acceptance and self-development.
Filoteknos
|
2019
|
issue 9
156–170
EN
At the core of my investigation is the process of amalgamation of text and image within the boundaries of the illustrated book for young Soviet readers. As a part of the general desire to translate Communism into idioms and images accessible to children, books visualized ideological norms and goals in a way that guaranteed easy legibility and direct appeal, without sacrificing the political appeal of the message. Illustrated books presented the propagandistic content as a simple narrative or verse, while also casting it in images. A vehicle of ideology, an object of affection, and a product of labor, the illustrated book for the young Soviet reader became an important cultural phenomenon, despite its perceived simplicity and often a minimal set of technical devices.
EN
Several scales were used to assess the levels of coping with stress and pain of 97 Polish hard adventure mountain athletes (Mage = 30.50, SD = 9.45), who climb in winter using mountain ice axes, harnesses, hooks or ropes in high mountains, and 103 Polish soft adventure mountain athletes who summer hike in low mountains (Mage = 28.30, SD = 6.50). The results indicated significant differences between soft and hard adventure climbers in the ways climbers react to stress. The hard adventure climbing group had significantly higher means on the Preventive Coping, Proactive Coping, Task-Oriented Coping, Diverting Attention, Reinterpretation of Pain, Ignoring Pain, Coping Self-Statements and Behavioural Strategies than the soft adventure mountain athletes, but lower means on Emotion-Oriented Coping, Catastrophising and Praying/Hoping compared to the soft mountain athletes group. This study also examined the factor structure of the coping scales in the climbers’ samples. The results suggested that the coping scales contain the following three factors: Passive-Oriented Coping, Future-Oriented Coping and Appraisal-Oriented Coping. The extracted factors discriminate between soft and hard adventure mountain athletes. The hard adventure mountain athletes had significantly higher means on the Future-Oriented Coping and the Appraisal- Oriented Coping, and a lower mean on Passive-Oriented Coping than the soft mountain athletes group.
EN
The sketch is an attempt to focus on the emigration/migration issue in Polish prose written after 2000 and to answer the question of whether we are only dealing with reports written by blue-collar workers as well as descriptions of the day-to-day struggle with reality, or whether we are dealing with more or less sharp playing with emigration patterns. The quoted examples prove that we are dealing with two variants concerning description of experiences during ‘EU migration’. On the one hand, we may speak about a positive pattern where emigration is treated as an adventure which is perceived as breaking free from existing obligations and imposed rigors. On the other hand, one may find a number of negative patterns, according to which emigration is a necessary evil. Thus, the writers reflect on the dramatic everyday life of an emigrant, eclipsing broadly defined problems with identity. They present complexes which make Poles living abroad give in to fate; they base the image of EU (e)migration on clichés and stereotypes. Additionally, one can observe a ‘gender’ division.
11
63%
SI
Prevajalec in prevod sta pogosto označena metaforično (npr. prevajalec kot izdajalec, kanibal, kuhar, prevod kot uvoz avtorja in izvoz bralca, prevajanje kot širjenje obzorij ipd.), k tem oznakam želim dodati še eno: prevajanje kot dogodivščina prevajalca in bralca, prinaša jima zadovoljstvo, zadoščenje, razočaranje in muke. Prevajamo predvsem zaradi antropološke in obenem tudi sporazumevalne vloge prevoda. dogodivščina ni vezana le na potovanja, čeprav se ob pripravah na pot pogosto pripravimo tudi na nenavadna doživetja. od samega potovanja se razlikuje glede na racionalna, pragmatična, emocionalna in fizična pričakovanja. na pojem pričakovanje se vežejo lastnosti: šibke točke posameznika, ambicije, želja po sporazumevanju, spoznavanju in doživetju nečesa dotlej nepoznanega ter interakcija med njimi v obliki presenečenja, očaranosti in celo šokiranosti. V vsakem tipu prevoda je vsaj eden od elementov pomensko-predstavnega polja pojma »dogodivščina«. zaradi tega se posploševanje pravil (zlasti pri umetniškem prevodu) nenehno srečuje s težavami, tako kot udeležba na tečaju ustvarjalnega pisanja ne naredi iz vsakega udeleženca pesnika, pisatelja ali dramatika. zmeraj je zraven tisto, čemur rečemo nadarjenost in empatija.
EN
The translator and translation are often referred to by means of metaphors (e.g. translator traitor, cannibal, cook, translation is the author’s import and the reader’s export, translation is a fusion of horizons, etc.), to which i will add another one: translation is an adventure for the translator and the reader, bringing joy, satisfaction, disappointment and suffering. We translate predominantly because of the anthropological, and thus the communicative, aspect of translation. adventure does not only mean a journey, although taking to the road, we very often expect extraordinary experiences. it is distinguished from the road by means of a desire of rational, pragmatic, emotional and physical nature. The paradigm of desire is defined by: individual weaknesses, ambition, desire for communication, knowledge and experience of something so far unknown and the interaction between them in the form of surprise, dazzlement, and even shock. all types of translation include at least one of the elements of the semantic-imagery field of the phenomenon and the word adventure. This results in that the normalization of rules (especially in the case of artistic translation) often meets with difficulties, just as not every participant of creative writing course is turned into a poet, writer or dramatist. There remains the ‘something’, which is called talent and empathy.
EN
Although the GDR did not have its own high mountains, it did have an informal community of climbers, of about 1,000 enthusiasts, who despite numerous obstacles managed to go on expeditions to high mountains of the Eastern Bloc. They could not count on any support of the state, because mountaineering is not a kind of sport in which international success can be achieved all the time and because the GDR, unlike e.g. the Soviet Union, could not expect any military benefits from it. The climbers found it especially hard to obtain permission to travel, to go to the mountains on their own, to acquire appropriate equipment and train in preparation for the difficulties awaiting them in high mountains. Only thanks to their extraordinary enthusiasm, organisational creativity and technical skills were they able to overcome obstacles like obtaining invitations from the Soviet Union, casual jobs and making their own equipment in order to be able to reach high mountains. From the late 1970s the climbing community began to experience a revival thanks to a new “hippie generation”. Young people reached the USSR thanks to the so-called “transit visas”, which is why they were described as “transit travellers”. Often they would then travel for weeks or even months “unrecognised through their beloved country”. During these “incognito travels” they had to avoid police patrols and when they were stopped, they had to have good excuses. Despite their illegality, the transit travellers were able to travel across the entire USSR. Their extraordinarily modest way of travelling, often hitch-hiking or walking, meant that they had closer contact with people living in the Soviet Union than was provided for in the German–Soviet friendship, used for propaganda purposes, and could formulate their own opinion on the reality of the “Big Brother”. Through their experiences the climbers managed to distance themselves from the official socialist discourse in the GDR. With their views crossing state borders the climbers could be treated as the vanguard of mass escapes through Eastern European third countries, like e.g. Hungary, which began the collapse of the GDR in 1989.
EN
The article is an attempt to use the personalist thought of Adam Rodziński on the problems posed by the contemporary model of consumerism. In the first part, the author presents the risks resulting from incredibly rapid technological progress and changes in the mentality of modern people. Then, these situations are contrasted with the dictates of personalistic ethics in order to find ways out of the crisis, which brought the so­‑called “overactive consumption”. The article attempts to show that the personalist cure for excessive consumption, it is not renunciation of it, but sensible and moderate approach to consumption.
PL
Artykuł stanowi próbę zastosowania myśli personalistycznej Adama Rodzińskiego w odniesieniu do problemów, jakie stawia przed nami współczesny model konsumpcyjnego życia. W pierwszej kolejności przedstawione zostają zagrożenia wynikające z niewiarygodnie szybkiego postępu technologicznego oraz zmiany mentalności współczesnych jednostek. Następne wymienione sytuacje zostają skontrastowane z nakazami etyki personalistycznej w celu odnalezienia w nich sposobów wyjścia z kryzysu, który przyniosła tak zwana „rozbuchana konsumpcja”. Celem artykułu jest próba wykazania, że personalistycznym lekarstwem na przesadną konsumpcję wcale nie jest wyrzeczenie się jej, lecz rozsądne i umiarkowane podejście do konsumowania.
PL
Maria Ostasz w jednym z artykułów dokonuje przeglądu – syntezy polskiej prozy dla dzieci i młodzieży drugiej połowy XX wieku. Wymienia powieści dziecięco-młodzieżowe, baśnie, przykłady fantastyki literackiej, a także liczące się ośrodki badań nad literaturą dziecięco-młodzieżową oraz mechanizmy sterowania ówczesnym rynkiem czytelniczym. Niniejszy tekst, podkreślający potrzebę ciągłości badań historyczno-literackich literatury czwartej czy osobnej, jak zwykło się określać literaturę dla dzieci i młodzieży, zawierać będzie przegląd – próbę syntezy polskiej prozy dziecięcej początków XXI stulecia: jej warunki rozwoju, problematykę oraz wartości (estetyczne, społeczno-kulturowe, moralne), jakie ze sobą niesie. Dokonuję przeglądu problematyki prozy dla dzieci, którą odnajdziemy na stronie Polskiej Sekcji IBBY – Stowarzyszenia Przyjaciół Książki dla Młodych oraz Fundacji ABC, prozy ważnej ze względu na pełnione funkcje: teleologiczną, aktywizującą, kompensacyjną, terapeutyczną, dydaktyczno-wychowawczą, edukacyjno-poznawczą i ludyczną.
EN
The text contains the attempt of the synthesis of the Polish children’s prose of beginnings of the XXI century – conditions for the development of this artistic work, its issues and values (social and cultural, moral, aesthetic). I am making the trial of classification of issues of the prose for children which we can find on the Polish side of the Section IBBY and of the Foundation ABC; important prose on account of performed functions: teleological, activating, compensating, therapeutic, teaching, educational.
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