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EN
The author analyzes the amendment of art. 49 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and presents several aspects of rights granted by the Code of Criminal Procedure to the entrepreneur. The article contains a review of previous problematic provisions of the CCP and describes the new course of reform, which granted the status of aggrieved party to state institutions and local government institutions. The author also emphasizes the role of delivery documents to entrepreneurs as they participate in criminal procedures as an aggrieved party. According to the new art. 304b CCP, written notice of the offense determines not only the elements of the offense but also specifies the identity of the victim by entering the address for correspondence, which in the course of further proceedings allows the authorities to take further procedural steps.
EN
The author presents doubts concerning interpretation of numerous legal grounds for remedying damage caused by an offence in the field of criminal law, including imposition of an obligation to remedy damage in connection with early release on licence. Emphasis is placed on problems with their application in judicial practice. The author in principle views the amendments in the scope of compensatory measures as positive, however, she considers the possibility of further amendments, which would lead to more rational legislative solutions.
EN
The article deals with the problem of damage caused by crimes stipulated in the provisions of the Act of 21 August 1997 on the protection of animals. Particular attention was paid to the damage to the animals. The damage is not just suffering. They can consist in preventing or limiting many of the important activities of the animal, presented in the article. The diagnosis and examination of damages by the trial body requires the reliance on current scientific knowledge, not only intuition or the so-called common sense.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje problematykę szkód wyrządzonych przestępstwami stypizowanymi w przepisach ustawy z 21.08.1997 r. o ochronie zwierząt. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono szkodom, które doznają zwierzęta. Szkody te nie sprowadzają się po prostu do cierpienia. Mogą polegać na uniemożliwieniu lub ograniczeniu wielu istotnych aktywności zwierzęcia, przedstawionych w artykule. Ich rozpoznanie i zbadanie przez organ procesowy wymaga opierania się na aktualnej wiedzy naukowej, a nie wyłącznie intuicji czy tzw. zdrowym rozsądku.
EN
The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the special regulations concerning the situation of an elderly person as an aggrieved party in the criminal court proceedings are rudimentary and inadequate, so it is worth to have been extended. This will be done at first by drawing attention to the definition and status of the aggrieved elderly person in the criminal court proceedings, and a description of its current permissions divided on a victim without a party status and a victim with a party status. Then the whole is topped with a proposal for regulations to facilitate the use of the permissions of the elderly persons as an aggrieved party in the criminal court proceedings.
EN
The subject of the following study is to show the institution of conviction without a trial in time perspective and the impact of the regulations of other countries on the current nature of this institution. Similarity of conviction without a trial to Italian pattegiamento has been presented. The original regulation of Art. 335 of the Code of the Criminal Procedure differs significantly from the current wording and subject scope of conviction without a trial. In view of the adopted and planned changes, the attention has been paid to the protection of aggrieved party’s rights which should also be respected in modified proceedings. Changes introduced by means of the amendment of September 2013 and February 2015 have been evaluated. Changes which are currently the subject of a legislative process have been positively evaluated.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest ukazanie instytucji skazania bez rozprawy w perspektywie czasowej oraz wpływu regulacji innych państw na obecny charakter tej instytucji. Przedstawiono podobieństwo skazania bez rozprawy do włoskiego pattegiamento. Pierwotna regulacja art. 335 k.p.k. znacząco odbiega od obecnego brzmienia i zakresu przedmiotowego skazania bez rozprawy. W perspektywie zmian uchwalonych i projektowanych zwrócono uwagę na ochronę praw pokrzywdzonego, które powinny być respektowane również w postępowaniach zmodyfikowanych. Oceniono zmiany wprowadzone nowelą z września 2013 r. i lutego 2015 r. Pozytywnie oceniono zmiany projektowane, które obecnie są przedmiotem procesu legislacyjnego.
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