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PL
Social work since the beginning of the history of science has been interesting for many representatives of various scientific disciplines. It is so, because both the subject and object of its activity is man - an individual who does not always cope with proper functioning in his own environment and society. In this context, social work is a purposeful activity in favour of an individual, a group, a family, society. Social work possesses a wide spectrum of fields and as a purposeful and professional activity is not only needed, but also necessary for supporting a human being.
EN
This article focuses on human rights – a central topic in Bob Dylan’s works since the beginning of his career. Analysing a selection of texts in which this winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature refers to the situation of black Americans, the author tries to capture and define Dylan’s recurring narrative regarding the responsibility of individuals, structures and institutions, and their mutual relationships. The analysis focuses on the motif of accusation: who and what is it addressed to? In his discussion of Dylan’s narrative, the author refers to the concept of habitus proposed by Pierre Bourdieu. It is defined as a set of rules incorporated by an individual from the environment and later applied in individual attitudes and actions. Based on the analysis of Dylan’s most important works on human rights, the article shows that the American artist’s perception of the scope of individual and structural responsibility is similar to the concept described by Bourdieu, and as such belongs within a specific borderline sphere.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na analizie kręgu podmiotów uprawnionych do kierowania skarg konstytucyjnych. Dla tego zagadnienia szczególnie ważna jest funkcja skargi konstytucyjnej. Stanowi ona instrument ochrony praw i wolności jednostki. Trybunał, z uwagi na lakoniczność regulacji dotyczącej tej kwestii, musiał doprecyzować ten aspekt swojej działalności. Nie budzi wątpliwości, że podmiotami tego uprawnienia są przede wszystkim osoby fizyczne z uwagi na fakt, że to one są również podmiotami praw, których skarga konstytucyjna stanowi gwarancję. Kontrowersje związane są zwłaszcza z przyznaniem czynnej legitymacji skargowej podmiotom zbiorowym, w szczególności podmiotom prawa publicznego.
EN
The article focuses on the analysis of objective scope of right to put forward a constitutional complaint. Of particular imprtance, for this issue, is the function of constitutional complaint. It is an instrument of human rights protection. Due to the brevity of statutory and constitutional regulation of this problem, Constitutional Tribunal had to determine this aspect of its activity. It is glaringly obvious that individuals are the biggest group of complainants because constitutional rights inhere mainly to a natural person. It is crucial that constitutional complaint is a guarantee of exactly that entitlements. Disputes have arisen with the granting a proactive complainants legitimation for collective bodies, especially public ones.
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