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MANDARIN DISCRIMINATION IN HONG KONG: FOUR MAINLAND CHINESE SOJOURN TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCE OF SYMBOLIC VIOLENCE

100%
Li Y., Xiao D.
Journal of Education Culture and Society
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2020
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vol. 11
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issue 2
499-520
EN
Thesis. After the handover of Hong Kong’s sovereignty to China in 1997, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government stipulated a trilingual (English, Cantonese, and Mandarin) and biliterate (English and Chinese) policy, in order to include Mandarin as an additional co-official language together with the original English and Cantonese. Until the handover, the use of Mandarin was restricted in British colonial Hong Kong. Since the handover, however, Mandarin and its users have experienced some resistance by local Hong Kong people. Method. In an attempt to better understand this resistance and its implications, this study adopts Pierre Bourdieu’s field, habitus, and capital theory, to analyse the anti-Mandarin discourse that has prevailed in the ensuing two decades. Via narrative inquiry, this study explains the habitus of four Mandarin speaking teachers, while especially noting their clashes with the anti-Mandarin discourse, and the symbolic violence they suffered in the field.     Conclusion. The study concludes with a reflection on the clash between the teachers’ struggles with the discourse from a postcolonial perspective, and it also considers the legal issues involved in protecting mainland Chinese as a minority in Hong Kong.
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Modernism and Modernity in Rabindranath Tagore

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COQUEREAU E.
Planeta Literatur. Journal of Global Literary Studies
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2014
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issue 3. Global Modernism(s) Approaches to trans-local / trans-cultural / trans-civilizational dimension of Modernist movements
83-100
EN
This paper is a short attempt at examining Tagore’s concept of modernity, by trying to understand what modernism and its relation to modernity means in this poet’s work. Considering the large range of his writings, essays and novels are selected according to what I consider to be the most relevant to the present investigation, favoring the more systematic writings among Tagore’’s novels and essays. Gora, however, another complex criticism of Nationalism, has not been included here, since its analysis would deserve a complete paper. It also does not focus on the introduction of European modernisms and European modernist expressions in India from a historical or aesthetic perspective. Rather, it underline a conceptual understanding through Tagore’s work of his own ideas, and the experience of modernism in India through his Indian writings. In so doing, I try to present the important differences of these concepts in an Indian colonial context, as well as the singularity of Tagore himself in his own context, hoping to contribute to an exploration of the poet’s talent and richness of expression and thinking.
3
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Third War of Independence? The Anti-Colonial Dynamics of Ukraine’s Politics of Memory after 2014 on the Example of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War in Kyiv

100%
Stryjek T., Markowska-Marczak B., Konieczna-Sałamatin J.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2023
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vol. 128
151-179
EN
The article discusses the transformation of Ukraine from a peripheral colony to a European nation-state. It examines changes in the interpretation of UkrainianRussian relations in historiography, public perceptions, and museum exhibitions related to the ongoing war. It demonstrates that since 24 February 2022, Ukraine’s politics of memory has exclusively followed a continuously expanding anti-colonial perspective. The article highlights a shift in Ukrainian society’s view of its past, with growing interest in the country’s history and a move away from the Soviet perspective. Museums are crucial in shaping these narrative changes and fostering Ukrainian national identity. The article also explores societal transformations since 1991, showing an increased identification with the state and a gradual distancing from Russia. This is accompanied by a westward turn in geopolitical orientation and a desire to join the European Union. The National Museum of History of Ukraine in the Second World War in Kyiv serves as an example of these processes, reflecting a nuanced portrayal of the war and of its human dimension. The museum’s commitment can be seen as a pillar of a nation-state building project, with symbolic identification shifting from the East to the West, towards the EU and NATO.
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Psychoanalytical Theory in Postcolonial Discourse: Comparing Octave Mannoni, Frantz Fanon and Homi K. Bhaba

63%
Beinorius A.
Dialogue and Universalism
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2020
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issue 3
123-140
EN
This article deals with some earlier applications of psychology for the analysis of the colonial condition offered by three thinkers—Octave Mannoni, Frantz Fanon and recent applications of Freudian psychoanalytical theory in the poststructuralist approach of Homi K. Bhaba. An attempt is made to compare their standpoints and reflect more broadly on what their implications mean for the future of psychoanalysis’ place in postcolonial critique. Also to answer a vital question in the theoretical project of postcolonial studies: Is psychoanalysis a universally applicable theory for psychic disruption in the colonial context? What are differences in the application of psychological theory for studies of colonial discourse? The conclusion of the paper is: Despite the problematic inheritance of racializing thinking psychoanalysis has proved to be an important and reoccurring methodology in colonial critique and postcolonial theory. Nevertheless, it is necessary to recognize that psychoanalysis itself is a colonial discipline and must become an object of colonial discourse analysis.
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