Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 4

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  antibiotic resistance
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
Medycyna Pracy
|
2020
|
vol. 71
|
issue 3
265-278
EN
BackgroundThe aim of the study was to assess the occupational exposure to Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, including methicillin- resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and other antibiotic-resistant strains in the municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) environment.Material and MethodsIn 16 WWTPs in Poland, 33 wastewater and 253 air samples were collected in the spring–summer season. The microbiological analysis was carried out using a chromogenic medium. Species identification was carried out using the matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight method, while the antibiotic-resistance analysis was performed with an automatic method.ResultsAmong 2805 bacterial isolates from the air and wastewater, 574 were identified as S. aureus species (20.5%). The presence of S. aureus species was found in 11 WWTPs (69%), among them in 11 WWTPs in raw wastewater and in 1 WWTP additionally in treated wastewater. The concentrations of S. aureus in wastewater ranged 2–1215 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml). In the air, 2 S. aureus isolates were identified in concentrations of 5 and 10 CFU/m3; both samples were collected at the stage of mechanical wastewater treatment. The results revealed the following trend: the higher the outdoor temperature, the bigger the number of WWTPs with confirmed S. aureus presence. Among 149 S. aureus isolates (2 from the air and 147 from wastewater, including 2 MRSA), 100 isolates were resistant only to penicillin, while 34 isolates showed multi-antibiotic resistance (to penicillin and other drugs). It was found that isolated bacteria were resistant almost strictly to critical and highly important antibiotics in veterinary medicine.ConclusionsIn general, WWTPs workers are occupationally exposed to S. aureus, including MRSA, and other antibiotic- and multi-antibiotic-resistant strains. The highest risk of infection concerns the activities carried out in direct contact with wastewater or devices through which wastewater flows, particularly at the stage of mechanical treatment. A significant source of S. aureus seems to be intensive livestock farming located in the area of the WWTPs under analysis. The study confirms the necessity to disinfect the wastewater discharging into WWTPs.
EN
Objectives To evaluate the possible occupational hazard of environmental strains of opportunistic Pseudomonas aeruginosa on hydrocarbon contaminated sites during remediation, 2 multidrugresistant isolates originating from environmental (soil and groundwater) samples were examined. Material and Methods Antibiotic resistance profiles of the examined 2 strains were determined by Etest® against 20 different agents. Virulence investigations included the hemolytic activity test, the detection of virulence-related gene sequences such as exoA, exoU, exoS, exoY, exoT and the determination of intraperitoneal LD 50 (the lethal dose, 50%) values in a mouse model. The hydrocarbon-degrading ability was evaluated in a gravimetric experiment, in vitro. The phylogenetic relationship of the isolates was investigated with a multilocus sequence typing scheme. Results Multidrug resistant environmental strains of P. aeruginosa are strongly related to isolates that have proven effects on the infection of patients who suffer from cystic fibrosis, have a notable hemolytic activity, carry important virulence markers (exoS or exoU, respectively) and retain their hydrocarbon degradation ability (87.4% and 62.8% hydrocarbon degradation rate, respectively). Conclusions Pseudomonas aeruginosa presumably raise considerable concerns for human health in the environment, already well known among nosocomial isolates, and the application of environmental strains of this species for environmental purposes is questionable.
EN
Background: Microbiological contamination of the air and the acquisition of the antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria is a growing phenomenon that has a substantial impact on the quality of our health. This problem applies mainly to public areas where we spend a large part of our lives. This study was focused on the microbiological analysis of the air in some kindergartens and antibiotic resistance of bacteria of the Stephylococcus spp. genus. The identification of the isolated mould fungi has been also made. Material and Methods: Air samples were collected from classrooms in the seasonal cycle in the mornings and afternoons using 2 methods, sedimentation and impact. Air samples collected outside the kindergartens served as controls. Air quality assessments were based on the groups of indicator microorganisms, according to Polish standards. The susceptibility of isolated staphylococci was assessed with the disc-diffusion method, using 8 different classes of antibiotics, in line with the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Results: The analyses show that, regardless of the method, the total number of heterothropic bacteria and staphylococci in the air of the analyzed kindergartens exceeded the allowable limits. There was no air pollution with the fungal infection. Based on the antibiogram, it was found that Staphylococcus spp. strains showed the highest sensitivity to chloramphenicol and the lowest to penicillin and gentamicin. Among the fungi moulds of the genus Cladosporium predominated. Conclusions: The results of the analyses highlight the need for regular health checks and further research to help identify biological factors that may significantly affect the quality of health of people living in public spaces. Med Pr 2015;66(1):49–56
PL
Wstęp: Mikrobiologiczne zanieczyszczenie powietrza i nabywanie przez chorobotwórcze bakterie oporności na antybiotyki to coraz częściej obserwowane zjawiska, które wpływają na jakość naszego zdrowia. Dotyczą one przede wszystkim miejsc użyteczności publicznej, w których spędzamy znaczną część naszego życia. Celem niniejszej pracy była mikrobiologiczna analiza powietrza w wybranych przedszkolach i ocena antybiotykooporności szczepów z rodzaju Staphylococcus. Dokonano również identyfikacji wyizolowanych grzybów pleśniowych. Materiał i metody: Próbki powietrza pobierano w salach dydaktycznych w cyklu sezonowym, w godzinach porannych i popołudniowych z wykorzystaniem 2 metod – sedymentacyjnej i zderzeniowej. Próbki pobierane na zewnątrz przedszkoli były próbami kontrolnymi. Jakość powietrza oceniano w oparciu o grupy mikroorganizmów wskaźnikowych, zgodnie z Polskimi Normami. Lekowrażliwość wyizolowanych gronkowców oceniano metodą dyfuzyjno- krążkową z użyciem antybiotyków 8 różnych klas, zgodnie z rekomendacjami Europejskiego Komitetu ds. Oznaczania Lekowrażliwości (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing – EUCAST). Wyniki: Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że niezależnie od zastosowanej metody ogólna liczba bakterii heterotroficznych i gronkowców w powietrzu analizowanych przedszkoli przekraczała dopuszczalne normy. Nie odnotowano nadmiernego zanieczyszczenia powietrza grzybami pleśniowymi. Na podstawie antybiogramów stwierdzono, że szczepy Staphylococcus spp. największą wrażliwość wykazywały wobec chloramfenikolu, a najmniejszą wobec penicyliny i gentamycyny. Wśród grzybów dominowały pleśnie z rodzaju Cladosporium. Wnioski: Niniejsze analizy wskazują na konieczność systematycznych kontroli sanitarnych powietrza oraz prowadzenia dalszych badań, które umożliwią rozpoznanie czynników biologicznych mogących znacząco wpłynąć na jakość zdrowia osób przebywających w pomieszczeniach użyteczności publicznej. Med. Pr. 2015;66(1):49–56
EN
Bacterial and viral infections pose a growing health problem, which is largely due to the increasing antibiotic resistance and limited effectiveness of antiviral drugs among the population. Research on new forms of silver based on nanoparticle technologies, in addition to the known antibacterial properties, also confirmed the antiviral effectiveness. Silver nanoparticles not only act against a number of bacteria and fungi, but also show potential against viruses such as: acquired immune syndrome (HIV), hepatitis A and B virus, herpes simplex virus (HSV), herpes zoster virus, influenza A / H1N1 virus, RSV and a number of coronaviruses and the monkey pox virus. Modern forms of silver are more and more often used in products aimed at eliminating infections that are dangerous to health.
PL
Infekcje bakteryjne i wirusowe stwarzają rosnący problem zdrowotny, co spowodowane jest w dużej mierze narastającą wśród populacji antybiotykoopornością i ograniczoną skutecznością leków przeciwwirusowych. Badania nowych form srebra opartych na technologiach nanocząsteczkowych, poza znanymi właściwościami antybakteryjnymi, potwierdziły również skuteczność przeciwwirusową. Nanocząsteczki srebra nie tylko działają na wiele bakterii i grzybów, ale również wykazują potencjał przeciw wirusom takim jak: zespół nabytej odporności (HIV), wirus zapalenia wątroby typu A i B, wirus opryszczki pospolitej (HSV), półpasiec, wirus grypy A/H1N1, wirus RSV oraz szereg koronawirusów czy wirus małpiej ospy. Nowoczesne formy srebra są coraz częściej wykorzystywane w produktach mających na celu eliminację groźnych dla zdrowia infekcji.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.