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1

Du paradigme vers le syntagme - l’antonymie adjectivale : quelques remarques

100%

Perz M.

Neophilologica

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2020

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vol. 32

335-347

EN

This paper raises and discusses the relation of antonymy in adjectives. Antonymy is considered to play an important role in organizing mental lexicon. This relation defined often in logical terms stands for paradigmatic relation, as presented in WordNet. However, the category of antonymous adjectives can depend on more than just the semantic qualities of a word. It is often highly context dependent. Adjectives have different interpretation depending on the noun they modify - it is no surprising that they produce different antonyms in different contexts. On the basis of few examples of investigations of antonymy, this paper argues that antonymy is not only a paradigmatic but also a syntagmatic relation. The paradigmatic-syntagmatic distinction is not always relevant to all antonymous adjectives.

2

Antonymy in language use: From core members to ad hoc couplings

88%

Kostić N.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2015

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vol. 51

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issue 1

133-161

EN

This paper analyzes instances of use of conventionalized antonyms in sentences in which they generate a related contrast pair or enhance its contrast potential, e.g. All those young blonde American nurses who marry old film stars placed in their care are simply taking care of business. The theoretical framework adopted is that of Cognitive Linguistics, in which meanings are mental entities in conceptual space and arise through context-driven conceptual combinations. Contexts of antonym use in the sentence seem to be structured and can be explained if conceptual approach to antonymy is adopted. Sentences in which the well-established antonymous pair is employed to act as a contrast generating device actually contain two contrasting pairs. The article seeks to explain why we are able to interpret the second contrast pair in the relation of binary semantic contrast, whether any form-meaning pairings can become members of the binary contrast set, and whether there is a scale of antonymity of contrast pairs in those contexts. The results provide support to cognitive prototype approach to antonymy, which predicts a category with a continuum structure, with a number of prototypical antonym partners as core members and ad hoc couplings on the outskirts.

3

Семантичка функџија риме у поетским структурама

88%

Чаркић М. Ж.

Stylistyka

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2013

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vol. 22

75-89

EN

If viewed from a purely linguistic standpoint, rhyme belongs to the phoneticphonological and lexical levels of natural language. It draws on two basic linguistic planes: the plane of expression and the plane of content, which are inextricably linked and closely interwoven. The ways of formal linking of rhyming units result in the creation of different forms of rhyme, where the formal properties of rhyming range from complete to partial correspondence of the rhyming phonological material. This results in the creation of various forms of rhyme, such as the following: tautological (lexical) rhyme, homonymic (homographic) rhyme, echo-rhyme, prefixal rhyme and suffixal rhyme. Each of these kinds of rhyme, except the suffixal, expresses one semantic category, while the suffixal rhyme potentially includes five semantic categories: (1) lexical synonymy; (2) contextual synonymy; (3) lexical antonymy; (4) contextual antonymy and (5) multifarious meanings. The analysis of these semantic categories (all the nine of them) is limited by the scope of this paper, and includes one example from Serbian poetry for each of the identified semantic categories respectively. Our analysis has demonstrated that the semantic function of rhyme depends directly on the type of form (the kind of rhyme), i.e., on the way of structuring the phonological (sound) material in the rhyming of lexical units.

4

Similaritäts- und Kontrastrelationen in einem Lernerwörterbuch. Lemmatisierungsschwierigkeiten

63%

Kaczmarek H.

Germanica Wratislaviensia

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2017

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vol. 142

229-243

DE

Der vorliegende Beitrag setzt sich zum Ziel, aufgrund der kontrastierenden Analyse der gewählten Wörterbuchartikel aufzuzeigen, welche Lexeme in den gängigen deutschen Lernerwörterbüchern als Synonyme bzw. Antonyme fungieren und wie diese lemmatisiert werden. Anschließend wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die bei den paradigmatischen Austauschklassen stehenden Informationen dem potentiellen fremdsprachigen Wörterbuchbenutzer bei möglichen Fragestellungen weiterhelfen können.

EN

The author carries out a contrastive analysis of some entries selected from monolingual learner’s dictionaries. The analysis shows which linguistic items function as synonyms and antonyms in commonly used dictionaries and how they are lemmatized. Moreover, the corpus analysis indicates the extent to which the definitions of paradigmatically related entries may help foreign language learners to correctly choose and use appropriate lexemes.

5

Paradigmatik der deutschen Adjektive in der Großen lexikalischen Datenbank Deutsch-Tschechisch

51%

Vachková M.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2015

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vol. 25

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issue 2

103-115

EN

The article focusing on the latest research in antonymy (Jones et al. 2012) proposes to see this lexical- semantic relation in its broader sense (oppositeness) because this view meets the needs of lexicographers who aim at a more realistic description of a variety of semantic contrasts on the parole level. The text points out issues concerning lexical selection methods on the paradigmatic level with the help of the cooccurrence analysis. Examples of web search strings which help to elicit constructions containing antonym pairs are given. These ways show an urgent need to describe antonymy in constructions which emerge in authentic language usage, not on the systemic level (langue) only. The author emphasizes that exemplifying antonymy should be rethought in the domain of word-formation: formal regularities prevail on the system level only; however, the usage shows antonymy pairs with a wide range of possible contrasts.

DE

Der Artikel geht von der neueren Forschung im Bereich der Antonymie aus (Jones et al. 2012) und plädiert für eine breitere Auffassung der Gegensätzlichkeit für die lexikographischen Zwecke. Die lexikalisch-semantischen Relationen sollten im Wörterbuch auf der Ebene der Parole dargestellt werden, um dem Benutzer mindestens einen Teil der großen Vielfalt an semantischen Kontrasten zu bieten. Zur Auswahl der Belege dient außer der Kookkurrenzanalyse auch die Internetsuche, bei der syntaktische Konstruktionen, die auf Antonympaaren basieren, ermittelt werden. Ebenfalls auf der Ebene der Wortbildung sollten ins Wörterbuch nicht nur die automatisierten, formalen Regularitäten auf der Systemebene eingehen: Diese sollten durch authentische Kontrastpaare ergänzt werden.

6

Контрасты как стилистическое средство в произведениях Виктории Токаревой

51%

Ratajczyk K.

Językoznawstwo

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2022

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vol. 17

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issue 2

21-36

EN

The article is devoted to the linguistic analysis of contrasts in selected works by V. Tokareva. The theory of contrasts is based on the theory of antonymy with its initial concept of contrast. A characterization of the linguistic and contextual antonyms in the writer’s works is carried out, as well as an analysis of the stylistic figures based on the opposition – antithesis, diathesis, acrothesis, amphithesis, oxymoron and gradation. The role and significance of given stylistic figures as an expressive means of an individual-author’s style is presented.

PL

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie lingwistycznej kontrastów w wybranych utworach V. Tokarevey. Teoria kontrastowości jest formułowana w oparciu o teorię antonimii z jej wyjściowym pojęciem przeciwstawienia. Przeprowadza się charakterystykę językowych i kontekstowych antonimów w utworach pisarki oraz analizę figur stylistycznych, opartych na przeciwstawieniu – antytezy, diatezy, akrotezy, amfitezy, oksymoronu i gradacji. Przedstawia się rolę i znaczenie danych figur stylistycznych jako wyrazistego środka indywidualno-autorskiego stylu.

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1 Germanica Wratislaviensia

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1 Neophilologica

1 Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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1 Kaczmarek H.

1 Kostić N.

1 Perz M.

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1 Чаркић М. Ж.

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